Banded dune snail

Last updated

Banded dune snail
Banded Dune Snail (2647329862).jpg
Status TNC G2.svg
Imperiled  (NatureServe) [2]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Stylommatophora
Family: Xanthonychidae
Genus: Helminthoglypta
Species:
H. walkeriana
Binomial name
Helminthoglypta walkeriana
(Hemphill, 1911)

The banded dune snail or Morro shoulderband(Helminthoglypta walkeriana) is a species of endangered air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the subfamily Helminthoglyptinae.

Contents

Taxonomy

At the time the species was divided into two subtaxa (subspecies or varieties): H. w. walkeriana and H. w. morroensis. The latter was thought to be extinct but was rediscovered. In 2004, it was elevated to species status as Helminthoglypta morroensis and it inherited the endangered status it had when it was part of Helminthoglypta walkeriana.

Both snails together were known as the banded dune snail. Today H. walkeriana proper is the Morro shoulderband, and H. morroensis is the Chorro shoulderband. [3]

Distribution and habitat

It is endemic to the area around the cities of Morro Bay and Los Osos in the central coast in San Luis Obispo County and Santa Barbara County, in California. The total area of occurrence has been calculated to be as low as 40 km2 (15 sq mi).

Diet and ecology

The snails eat decaying plants and are eaten by birds, reptiles and mammals. Within the narrow distribution in coastal dune and scrub communities in western San Luis Obispo County, they only come out in wet weather. They seal themselves inside of their shells for months at a time when a drought is in effect, only to reemerge when rains return. [4]

Conservation

This snail was placed on the United States' Endangered Species List in 1994. the IUCN Red List considers the snail Critically Endangered, and NatureServe considers it Imperiled.

The USFWS recommends that the Morro shoulderband be downlisted to threatened status and the Chorro shoulderband be delisted. [3]

Related Research Articles

<i>Pinus muricata</i> Species of conifer

Pinus muricata, the bishop pine, is a pine with a very restricted range: mostly in California, including several offshore Channel Islands, and a few locations in Baja California, Mexico. It is always on or near the coast.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes</span> Dune system in California

Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes is the largest remaining dune system south of San Francisco and the second largest in the U.S. state of California. It encompasses an 18-mile (29 km) stretch of coastline on the Central Coast of California and extends from southern San Luis Obispo County to northern Santa Barbara County.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Estero Bay (California)</span> Bay on the coast of California, United States

Estero Bay is a bay located on the Pacific Coast in San Luis Obispo County, central California. It is about 15 miles (24 km) from its south end at Point Buchon/Montana de Oro State Park, to its north end at Point Estero, which is about 5 miles (8 km) northwest of Cayucos. It is indented about 5 miles (8 km) into the California coast.

<i>Cirsium fontinale</i> Species of thistle

Cirsium fontinale, the fountain thistle, is a flowering perennial herb in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to California. The genus Cirsium is commonly known as the "thistle" genus, Cirsium being the Greek word for 'thistle.'

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Morro Bay kangaroo rat</span> Subspecies of rodent

The Morro Bay kangaroo rat, Dipodomys heermanni morroensis, is endemic to San Luis Obispo County, California.

<i>Eriodictyon altissimum</i> Species of flowering plant

Eriodictyon altissimum is a rare species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common name Indian Knob mountainbalm. It is endemic to San Luis Obispo County, California, where it is known from only about six occurrences in the Irish Hills on the coast and nearby Indian Knob.

Helminthoglypta allynsmithi, the Merced Canyon shoulderband or Allyn Smith's banded snail, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Helminthoglyptidae. This species is endemic to the United States.

<i>Helminthoglypta</i> Genus of gastropods

Helminthoglypta is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Helminthoglyptinae of the family Xanthonychidae.

The Victorville shoulderband is a species of land snail in the family Helminthoglyptidae.

<i>Medionidus acutissimus</i> Species of bivalve

Medionidus acutissimus, the Alabama moccasinshell, is a species of freshwater mussel in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. It is native to Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, Tennessee, and possibly Florida. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States.

Branchinecta longiantenna is a rare species of crustacean in the family Branchinectidae and the order Anostraca, the fairy shrimp. Its common name is longhorn fairy shrimp. It is endemic to California in the United States, where there are only four known populations. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.

Lirceus usdagalun is a rare species of crustacean known by the common name Lee County cave isopod. It is endemic to Virginia in the United States, where it is known from a single network of karst cave systems in Lee County. It is threatened by a number of processes. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States, and is assessed as "endangered" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

<i>Betula uber</i> Species of birch

Betula uber, the Virginia round-leaf birch, is a rare species of tree in the birch family. One of the most endangered species of North American trees, it is endemic to Smyth County, in the U.S. state of Virginia. It is part of the temperate broadleaf and mixed forests biome.

<i>Arctostaphylos morroensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Arctostaphylos morroensis is a species of manzanita known by the common name Morro manzanita. This shrub is endemic to San Luis Obispo County, California, where it is known only from the vicinity of Morro Bay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elfin Forest Natural Area</span> Nature reserve in California, United States

The Elfin Forest Natural Area is a nature preserve protecting a unique plant community in Los Osos-Baywood Park, San Luis Obispo County, central California. It consists of prehistoric sand dunes, rising 150 feet (46 m) above southern Morro Bay, on the north of Los Osos-Baywood Park.

<i>Lupinus nipomensis</i> Nipomo Mesa lupine endemic to Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes, California

Lupinus nipomensis is a species of lupine known by the common name Nipomo Mesa lupine. It is endemic to the Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes on the California Central Coast. Specifically, the plant is limited to the Guadalupe Dunes at the southern border of San Luis Obispo County. There are five to seven colonies growing in a strip of sand dunes measuring less than three square miles in area. These colonies are generally considered to make up a single population. The number of individual plants remaining has been observed to vary between 100 and 1,800, its abundance is not correlated to precipitation, is highly variable and exact mechanisms driving abundance unknown. This is a California state and federally listed endangered species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes National Wildlife Refuge</span> One of the largest coastal dune systems in California

The Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes National Wildlife Refuge is a 2,553-acre (10.33 km2) protected area located along the Central Coast of California, in southern San Luis Obispo and northern Santa Barbara Counties.

<i>Suaeda californica</i> Species of aquatic plant

Suaeda californica is a rare species of flowering plant in the amaranth family known by the common name California seablite. It is now endemic to San Luis Obispo County, California, where it is known from a few occurrences in the marshes around Morro Bay, historical populations around San Francisco Bay have been extirpated.

<i>Emarcusia morroensis</i> Species of gastropod

Emarcusia morroensis, common name Morro Bay Aeolid, is a species of sea slug, specifically an aeolid nudibranch. It is a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Facelinidae.

<i>Helminthoglypta diabloensis</i> Species of gastropod

Helminthoglypta diabloensis, or the silky shoulderband snail, is a North American species of air-breathing land snail. It is found in California, including the California Coast Ranges, Diablo Range, and other areas in Alameda, Contra Costa, Santa Clara, Yolo, Colusa and Napa Counties. The shell of H. diabloensis is described as having six to seven tightly coiled whorls.

References

  1. Roth, B. (1996). "Helminthoglypta walkeriana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 1996: e.T9859A13022006. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9859A13022006.en . Retrieved November 15, 2021.
  2. "Helminthoglypta walkeriana. NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved July 4, 2023.
  3. 1 2 USFWS. Morro Shoulderband and Chorro Shoulderband Five-year Review. September 2006.
  4. Orozco, Lance (July 31, 2020). "Officials Say Rare Type Of Snail on Central Coast Doing Well; Removal From Endangered List Proposed". KCLU. Retrieved February 8, 2022.