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Pope Eleutherius, also known as Eleutherus, was the bishop of Rome from c. 174 to his death. His pontificate is alternatively dated to 171-185 or 177-193. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church.
Geoffrey of Monmouth was a Catholic cleric from Monmouth, Wales, and one of the major figures in the development of British historiography and the popularity of tales of King Arthur. He is best known for his chronicle The History of the Kings of Britain which was widely popular in its day, being translated into other languages from its original Latin. It was given historical credence well into the 16th century, but is now considered historically unreliable.
Tasciovanus was a historical king of the Catuvellauni tribe before the Roman conquest of Britain.
Leir was a legendary king of the Britons whose story was recounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth in his pseudohistorical 12th-century History of the Kings of Britain. According to Geoffrey's genealogy of the British dynasty, Leir's reign would have occurred around the 8th century BC, around the time of the founding of Rome. The story was modified and retold by William Shakespeare in his Jacobean tragedy King Lear.
Rivallo was a legendary king of the Britons as accounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth. He came to power in 817BC.
Sisillius I was a legendary king of the Britons as accounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth. He came to power in 753BC.
Kimarcus was a legendary king of the Britons according to Geoffrey of Monmouth. He was the son of Sisillius I. and was succeeded by Gorboduc. Geoffrey has nothing to say of him beyond this.
Idvallo was a legendary king of the Britons as recounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth. He was the son of King Ingenius and he replaced King Enniaunus. Idvallo is said by Geoffrey to have reigned righteously to mend the ills his cousin had brought. He was succeeded by his cousin, Runo.
Catellus was a legendary king of the Britons, as recounted in Geoffrey of Monmouth's work Historia Regum Britanniae. According to Geoffrey, he was the son of King Gerennus and was succeeded by his son, Millus. In some versions of the Brut y Brenhinedd, a series of Welsh versions of Geoffrey's Historia, Catellus is succeeded by his son Coel, who is then succeeded by his own son Porrex II.
Eliud, also known as Elihud, was a legendary king of the Britons, as recounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth. He was preceded by Urianus and succeeded by Cledaucus. He is otherwise unattested.
Merianus was a legendary king of the Britons as accounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth. He was preceded by Gurgintius and succeeded by Bledudo.
Sisillius III was a legendary king of the Britons as accounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth. He reigned approximately 173-167BC.
Nennius is a mythical prince of Britain at the time of Julius Caesar's invasions of Britain. His story appears in Geoffrey of Monmouth's History of the Kings of Britain (1136), a work whose contents are now considered largely fictional. In Middle Welsh versions of Geoffrey's Historia he was called Nynniaw.
Historia regum Britanniae, originally called De gestis Britonum, is a pseudohistorical account of British history, written around 1136 by Geoffrey of Monmouth. It chronicles the lives of the kings of the Britons over the course of two thousand years, beginning with the Trojans founding the British nation and continuing until the Anglo-Saxons assumed control of much of Britain around the 7th century. It is one of the central pieces of the Matter of Britain.
Arvirargus or Arviragus was a legendary British king of the 1st century AD, possibly based upon a real person. A shadowy historical Arviragus is known only from a cryptic reference in a satirical poem by Juvenal, in which a giant turbot presented to the Roman emperor Domitian is said to be an omen that "you will capture some king, or Arviragus will fall from his British chariot-pole".
Gracianus Municeps was a legendary King of the Britons, according to Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia regum Britanniae, a largely fictional account of British history. "Municeps" translates to "freedman", meaning this individual was Gracianus the freedman. After the death of Roman Emperor Magnus Maximus, Gracianus seized the throne of Britain upon receiving word of Maximus's demise, by whose orders he had been sent to defend the attacked island while Maximus was campaigning on the continent.
Lucius Tiberius is a Western Roman procurator or emperor from Arthurian legend, who is killed in a war against King Arthur. First appearing in Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae, Lucius also appears in later, particularly English literature such as the Alliterative Morte Arthure and Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur. The motif of a Roman Emperor defeated by Arthur appears in the Old French literature as well, notably in the Vulgate Cycle.
Jago was a legendary king of the Britons according to Geoffrey of Monmouth. He was the nephew of Gurgustius, succeeded his cousin Sisillius I to the throne and was succeeded by Sissillius' son Kimarcus.. Geoffrey has nothing more to say of him.
Walter of Oxford was a cleric and writer. He served as archdeacon of Oxford in the 12th century. Walter was a friend of Geoffrey of Monmouth, who claimed he got his chief source for the Historia Regum Britanniae from him.
Gogmagog was a legendary giant in Welsh and later English mythology. According to Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae, he was a giant inhabitant of Albion, thrown off a cliff during a wrestling match with Corineus. Gogmagog was the last of the Giants found by Brutus and his men inhabiting the land of Albion.
References
- ↑ Monarchie Nobelesse website, Bretons
- ↑ Griscom, A; Jones, RE (1929). The Historia Regnum Britanniae of Geoffrey of Monmouth. London: Longmans Green and Co. p. 300.
