Bharat Nirman | |
---|---|
Country | India |
Prime Minister(s) | Dr. Manmohan Singh |
The Bharat Nirman Yojana was a flagship program launched in 2005 by the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government under the leadership of then-Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh. It was designed as a time-bound initiative to build and upgrade rural infrastructure in India, aiming to improve the quality of life in villages and boost rural development.
It comprises projects on irrigation, roads (Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana), housing (Indira Awaas Yojana), electrification (Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana), water supply and telecommunication connectivity.
By September 2007, significant progress was reported across its six components: Under the rural roads component, 48,215 km of roads were constructed to connect remote habitations. In housing, 36.81 lakh houses were built, progressing towards the target of 60 lakh. Drinking water initiatives focused on addressing contamination issues, covering 2,982 uncovered habitations and other affected areas. The irrigation segment aimed to create potential for 1 crore hectares, with a target of 28.50 lakh hectares for the fiscal year 2007-08 [1] . During the twelfth five-year plan, received a substantial budget allocation of 76,435 crore rupees from the Planning Commission in 2012. [2]
The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) was launched on 25 December, 2000. The primary objective of PMGSY is to provide good quality all-weather roads in all the rural areas where urban-rural road connectivity is found to be very weak. [3] All unconnected habitations with a population of more than 500 persons has been provided connectivity by 2007. [4]
Kakhandaki village, situated in Babaleshwar taluk, is located approximately 33 kilometers away from the district headquarters and 11 kilometers from the Babaleshwar Taluk. The village is renowned for its vibrant festivities, notably the "KARAHUNNIME" festival and Sri Guru Mahipathi Dasar Aradhane. The KARAHUNNIME (KARI) festival is celebrated one week after the full moon in the month of June and draws a large crowd. A highlight of this festival is the traditional "TAMING OF OX" ritual, where bullocks or oxen are adorned with ropes and managed by skilled team members, all dressed in a uniform attire. The following day, Okuli is observed as part of the Sri Hanuman Jatra Mahotsava festivities. Witnessing KARI and Okali is an exhilarating experience, attracting an audience of around 8-10 thousand spectators.
Roads in India are an important mode of transport in India. India has a network of over 6,617,100 km of roads. As of Dec 2024, India has the largest road network in the world. At of roads per square kilometre of land, the quantitative density of India's road network is equal to that of Hong Kong, and substantially higher than the United States, China, Brazil and Russia. Adjusted for its large population, India has approximately 5.13 kilometres (3.19 mi) of roads per 1,000 people, which is much lower than United States 20.5 kilometres (12.7 mi) but higher than that of China 3.6 kilometres (2.2 mi). India's road network carries over 71% of its freight and about 85% of passenger traffic.
The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) is a nationwide plan in India to provide good all-weather road connectivity to unconnected villages. Of 178,000 habitations with a population of above 500 in the plains and above 250 in the hilly areas planned to be connected by all-weather roads, 82% were already connected by December 2017 and work-in-progress on the remaining 47,000 habitations was on-track for completion by March 2019.
Vilpatti is a Panchayat in Kodaikanal Taluk of Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu state, South India. It is composed of the main village of Vilpatti and 11 hamlets. Main Vilpatti village is 9 km North of Kodaikanal town, but hamlets within its administration extend to the Palani ghat road. It is an agricultural area with the primary crops of potatoes, carrot, coffee and bananas.
The Ministry of Rural Development, a branch of the Government of India, is entrusted with the task of accelerating the socio-economic development of rural India. Its focus is on special rural grants for health and education, piped filtered drinking water programs, public and affordable housing programs, public work programs and grants for rural roads and infrastructure. It also provides special grants to rural local bodies.
India has a robust social security legislative framework governing social security, encompassing multiple labour laws and regulations. These laws govern various aspects of social security, particularly focusing on the welfare of the workforce. The primary objective of these measures is to foster sound industrial relations, cultivate a high-quality work environment, ensure legislative compliance, and mitigate risks such as accidents and health concerns. Moreover, social security initiatives aim to safeguard against social risks such as retirement, maternity, healthcare and unemployment while tax-funded social assistance aims to reduce inequalities and poverty. The Directive Principles of State Policy, enshrined in Part IV of the Indian Constitution reflects that India is a welfare state. Food security to all Indians are guaranteed under the National Food Security Act, 2013 where the government provides highly subsidised food grains or a food security allowance to economically vulnerable people. The system has since been universalised with the passing of The Code on Social Security, 2020. These cover most of the Indian population with social protection in various situations in their lives.
The 2009 Union budget of India was presented by the finance minister, Pranab Mukherjee, on 6 July 2009.
Pradhan Mantri Gramin Aawas Yojana is a social welfare programme under the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, to provide housing for the rural poor in India. A similar scheme for urban poor was launched in 2015 as Housing for All by 2022. Indira Awas Yojana was launched in 1985 by Rajiv Gandhi, the Prime Minister of India, as one of the major flagship programs of the Ministry of Rural Development to construct houses for the Below Poverty Line population in the villages.
Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana (PMAGY) is a rural development programme launched by the central government in India in the financial year 2009–10 for the development of villages having a higher ratio of people belonging to the scheduled castes through convergence of central and state schemes and allocating financial funding on a per village basis.
Digital India is a campaign launched by the Government of India to make its services available to citizens electronically via improved online infrastructure and by increasing Internet connectivity. The initiative includes plans to connect rural areas with high-speed internet networks. It consists of three core components: the development of secure and stable digital infrastructure, delivering government services digitally, and universal digital literacy.
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) is a credit-linked subsidy scheme by the Government of India to facilitate access to affordable housing for the low and moderate-income residents of the country. It envisaged a target of building 2 crore (20 million) affordable houses by 31 March 2022. It has two components: Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana(Urban) (PMAY-U) for the urban poor and Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana (Gramin) (PMAY-G and also PMAY-R) for the rural poor, the former administered by Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs and the latter by Ministry of Rural Development. This scheme converges with other schemes to ensure that houses have a toilet, Saubhagya Scheme for universal electricity connection, Ujjwala Yojana LPG connection, access to drinking water and Jan Dhan banking facilities, etc.
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana is a national mission to improve farm productivity and ensure better utilization of the resources in the country. The budget of ₹53 billion (US$620 million) in a time span of one year 2015-2016 has been allocated to this scheme. The decision was taken on 1 July 2015 at the meeting of Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs, approved with an outlay of 50000 crore for period of 5 years.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi is an insurance service for farmers for their yields. It was formulated in line with One Nation–One Scheme theme by replacing earlier two schemes Agricultural insurance in India#National Agriculture Insurance Scheme and Modified National Agricultural Insurance Scheme by incorporating their best features and removing their inherent drawbacks (shortcomings). It aims to reduce the premium burden on farmers and ensure early settlement of crop assurance claim for the full insured sum.
Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana was launched by Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi on 1 May 2016 to distribute 50 million LPG connections to women of Below Poverty Line (BPL) families. A budgetary allocation of ₹80 billion (US$940 million) was made for the scheme. The scheme was replaced by the Ujjwala Yojana 2.0 in 2021. Although the scheme has expanded access to clean cooking technologies, the use of polluting fuels remains common, particularly in rural India.
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) or otherwise known as Pradhan Mantri Youth Training Program is a skill development initiative scheme of the Government of India for recognition and standardisation of skills.
Purni Suder Shah, also known as The Dwelling Place Of Sufi Saint Suder Shah, is a village in the Budgam district in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It lies in the Narbal tehsil of district Budgam, on the eastern side of Mazhom railway station. It is a small village and only a few generations have lived here. It is recognised for its vegetation and agriculture.
Har Ghar Jal is a scheme initiated by the Ministry of Jal Shakti of Government of India under Jal Jeevan Mission in 2019 with the aim to provide 55 litres of tap water to every rural household per capita per day regularly on long term basis by 2024. It is a restructuring of National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) by Modi government in August 2019.
Atal Bhujal Yojana is a groundwater management scheme launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on the 95th birth anniversary of former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, on 25 December 2019. The purpose of the scheme is to improve groundwater management in seven states of India.
Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana is a food security welfare scheme announced by the Government of India on March 26 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic in India. The program is operated by the Department of Food and Public Distribution under the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution. But the nodal ministry is Ministry of Finance.The scale of this welfare scheme makes it the largest food security program in the world benefiting 81.35 crore in India.
Media related to Bharat Nirman (rural development) at Wikimedia Commons