Indian missions

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The Government of India has initiated several National Missions in order to achieve individual goals that together ensure the wellbeing of its citizens.

Contents

Agriculture

National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture

NICRA was launched during February 2011 by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) with the funding from Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. The mega project has three major objectives of strategic research, technology demonstrations and capacity building across all sectors of agriculture, dairying and fisheries.

Mission Milk

The first phase of the National Dairy Plan (‘Mission Milk’) was set about in April 2012 at National Dairy Development Board (Anand, Gujarat). The first phase with an outlay of Rs. 2242 cr. is part of an ambitious 15-year-long National Dairy Plan with an estimated project cost of Rs. 17,300 crores. [1] [2] not to be updated that was not sound good that mission.

Rashtriya Gokul Mission

It is a mission started by Union government started for development and conservation of indigenous cattle which will help to increase the income of livestock farmers.

Education

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (The Education for All Movement), is a programme aimed at the universalization of elementary education "in a time bound manner",By as mandated by the 86th amendment to the Constitution of India making free and compulsory education to children of ages 6–14 (estimated to be 205 million in number in 2001) a fundamental right.

National Translation Mission

National Translation Mission (NTM) is a Government of India initiative to make knowledge texts accessible, in all Indian languages listed in the VIII schedule of the Constitution, through translation. NTM was set up as per National Knowledge Commission's recommendation. The Ministry of Human Resource Development has designated Central Institute of Indian Languages as the nodal organization for the operationalization of NTM. In national translation mission should be provided in free of cost (like demo ) in all over India .

National Mission for Manuscripts

National Mission for Manuscripts (NAMAMI) is an autonomous organisation under Ministry of Culture, Government of India, established to survey, locate and conserve Indian manuscripts, with an aim to create national resource base for manuscripts, for enhancing their access, awareness and use for educational purposes.

NIPUN Bharat Mission

To enable an environment which ensures basic learning by 2026-27 for children of India upto third standard. [3]

Electricity

National Solar Mission

Healthcare

National Rural Health Mission

NRHM is a health program for improving health care delivery across rural India. The mission, initially mooted for 7 years (2005-2012), is run by the Ministry of Health. The scheme proposes a number of new mechanisms for healthcare delivery including training local residents as Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA), [4] and the Janani Surakshay Yojana (motherhood protection program). It also aims at improving hygiene and sanitation infrastructure. [5] Noted economists Ajay Mahal and Bibek Debroy have called it "the most ambitious rural health initiative ever". [6]

Under the mission, health funding had increased from 27,700 crores in 2004-05 to 39,000 crores in 2005-06 (from 0.95% of GDP to 1.05%). [7] As of 2009, economists noted that "the mid-term appraisal of the NRHM has found that there has been a significant improvement in health indicators even in this short period". [6] However, in many situations, the state level apparatus have not been able to deploy the additional funds, often owing to inadequacies in the Panchayati Raj functioning. Fund utilization in many states is around 70%. [6]

Total Sanitation Campaign

Total Sanitation Campaign is aimed at ensuring sanitation facilities in rural areas. The main goal of Total Sanitation Campaign is to eradicate the practice of open defecation by 2017. To give fillip to this endeavour, Government of India has launched Nirmal Gram Puraskar. Communities are facilitated to conduct their own appraisal and analysis of open defecation (OD) and take their own action to become ODF (open defecation free). CLTS (Community-Led Total Sanitation) focuses on the behavioural change needed to ensure real and sustainable improvements. It invests in community mobilisation instead of hardware, and shifting the focus from toilet construction for individual households to the creation of ’open defecation-free’ villages. Union Rural Development Minister Mr Jairam Ramesh says that new Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan will ensure the extension of the sanitation scheme to both Above Poverty Line and Below Poverty Line families. Subsidy amount for the sanitation scheme is also being raised from the present level of 3,000 rupees.

Urban Planning

Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission

JNNURM is a massive city modernisation scheme launched by the Ministry of Urban Development. It envisages a total investment of over $20 billion over seven years. It is named after Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of independent India. The scheme was officially inaugurated by the prime minister, Manmohan Singh on 3 December 2005 [8] as a programme meant to improve the quality of life and infrastructure in the cities. JNNURM aims at creating ‘economically productive, efficient, equitable and responsive Cities’ by a strategy of upgrading the social and economic infrastructure in cities, provision of Basic Services to Urban Poor (BSUP) [9] and wide-ranging urban sector reforms to strengthen municipal governance in accordance with the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992.

Rural development

Swabhimaan

It is a campaign of the Government of India which aims to bring banking services to large rural areas without banking services in the country. It was launched on 10 February 2011. [10] This campaign is to be operated by the Ministry of Finance, Government of India and the Indian Banks' Association (IBA). An initiative which seeks better financial inclusion within India will strive for rolling out banking services in 20,000 villages without banking services with a population of 2000 by March 2012 as to improve participation of rural folks in different plans launched by government for them. Under this plan, Banks will select business correspondents (bank saathi). They will act as intermediaries between the rural people and the banks. The government has targeted to cover at least 73,000 new habitations with a population of 2,000 and above and open at least 50 million new accounts by March 2012.

Providing Urban Amenities to Rural Areas (PURA)

PURA is a strategy for rural development in India. The concept was given by former president Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. PURA proposes that urban infrastructure and services be provided in rural hubs to create economic opportunities outside of cities. Physical connectivity by providing roads, electronic connectivity by providing communication network and knowledge connectivity by establishing professional and Technical institutions will have to be done in an integrated way so that economic connectivity will emanate. The Indian government aims at developing of compact areas around a potential growth centre in a Gram Panchayat (or a group of Gram Panchayats) through Public Private Partnership (PPP). [11] The government has been running pilot PURA programs in several states since 2004.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission</span> 2005–2014 city-modernisation scheme in India

Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) was a massive city-modernization scheme launched by the Government of India under the Ministry of Urban Development. It envisaged a total investment of over $20 billion over seven years. It is named after Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India. The aim is to encourage reforms and fast track planned development of identified cities. Focus is to be on efficiency in urban infrastructure and service delivery mechanisms, community participation, and accountability of ULBs/ Parastatal agencies towards citizens.

The Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation was a ministry of the Government of India responsible for urban poverty, housing, and employment programs. It involved in national policy decisions and coordinates with Indian central ministries, state governments, and central sponsor programs. The Ministry was created in 2004 after splitting it from the Ministry of Urban Development.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Water supply and sanitation in India</span> Drinking water supply and sanitation in India continue to be inadequate

The water supply and sanitation in India has improved drastically since the 1980s, but still faces ongoing challenges.

Provision of Urban Amenities to Rural Areas (PURA) is a strategy for rural development in India. This concept was given by former president Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam and discussed in his book Target 3 Billion which he co-authored with Srijan Pal Singh. The genesis of PURA can be traced to the work done by Nimbkar Agricultural Research Institute in the early 1990s on Taluka energy self-sufficiency. It was shown in the study that energy self-sufficient talukas can be a new development model for rural India in terms of creation of jobs and better amenities to its population.

Community-based monitoring (CBM) is a form of public oversight, ideally driven by local information needs and community values, to increase the accountability and quality of social services such as health, development aid, or to contribute to the management of natural resources. Within the CBM framework, members of a community affected by a social program or environmental change track this change and its local impacts, and generate demands, suggestions, critiques and data that they then act on, including by feeding back to the organization implementing the program or managing the environmental change. For a Toolkit on Community-Based Monitoring methodology with a focus on community oversight of infrastructure projects, see www.communitymonitoring.org. For a library of resources relating to community-based monitoring of tropical forests, see forestcompass.org/how/resources.

The 2009 Union budget of India was presented by the finance minister, Pranab Mukherjee, on 6 July 2009.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Health Mission</span> Public health initiative in India

The National Health Mission (NHM) was launched by the government of India in 2005 subsuming the National Rural Health Mission and National Urban Health Mission. It was further extended in March 2018, to continue until March 2020. It is headed by Mission Director and monitored by National Level Monitors appointed by the Government of India.Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and the recently launched National Urban Health Mission (NUHM). Main program components include Health System Strengthening (RMNCH+A) in rural and urban areas- Reproductive-Maternal- Neonatal-Child and Adolescent Health, and Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases. NHM envisages achievement of universal access to equitable, affordable and quality health care services that are accountable and responsive to the needs of the people.

The poverty alleviation programs in India can be categorized based on whether it is targeted either for rural areas or urban areas in the country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Healthcare in India</span> Overview of the health care system in India

India has a multi-payer universal health care model that is paid for by a combination of public and private health insurance funds along with the element of almost entirely tax-funded public hospitals. The public hospital system is essentially free for all Indian residents except for small, often symbolic co-payments in some services. At the federal level, a national publicly funded health insurance program was launched in 2018 by the Government of India, called Ayushman Bharat. This aimed to cover the bottom 50% of the country's population working in the unorganized sector and offers them free treatment at both public and private hospitals. For people working in the organized sector and earning a monthly salary of up to ₹21,000 are covered by the social insurance scheme of Employees' State Insurance which entirely funds their healthcare, both in public and private hospitals. People earning more than that amount are provided health insurance coverage by their employers through either one of the four main public health insurance funds which are the National Insurance Company, The Oriental Insurance Company, United India Insurance Company and New India Assurance or a private insurance provider. All employers in India are legally mandated to provide health insurance coverage to their employees and dependents as part of Social Security in India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Open defecation</span> Humans defecating outside (in the open environment) rather than into a toilet

Open defecation is the human practice of defecating outside rather than into a toilet. People may choose fields, bushes, forests, ditches, streets, canals, or other open spaces for defecation. They do so either because they do not have a toilet readily accessible or due to traditional cultural practices. The practice is common where sanitation infrastructure and services are not available. Even if toilets are available, behavior change efforts may still be needed to promote the use of toilets. 'Open defecation free' (ODF) is a term used to describe communities that have shifted to using toilets instead of open defecation. This can happen, for example, after community-led total sanitation programs have been implemented.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Swachh Bharat Mission</span> Country-wide campaign to eliminate open defecation and improve solid waste management in India

Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM), Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, or Clean India Mission is a country-wide campaign initiated by the Government of India in 2014 to eliminate open defecation and improve solid waste management. It is a restructured version of the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan launched in 2009 and carried out by predecessor Manmohan Singh that failed to achieve its intended targets.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mission Indradhanush</span>

Mission Indradhanush is a health mission of the Government of India. It was launched by Union Health Minister J. P. Nadda on 25 December 2014. The scheme this seeks to drive towards 90% full immunisation coverage of India and sustain the same by year 2022. Vaccination is being provided against eight vaccine-preventable diseases nationally, i.e. Diphtheria, Whooping Cough, Tetanus, Polio, Measles, severe form of Childhood Tuberculosis and Hepatitis B and meningitis & pneumonia caused by Haemophilus influenza type B; and against Rotavirus Diarrhea and Japanese Encephalitis in selected states and districts respectively.

National Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY) was launched on 21 January 2015 with the aim of bringing together urban planning, economic growth and heritage conservation in an inclusive manner to preserve the heritage character of each Heritage City.

Auxiliary nurse midwife or nurse hybrids commonly known as ANM, is a village-level female health worker in India who is known as the first contact person between the community and the health services. ANMs are regarded as the grass-roots workers in the health organisation pyramid. Their services are considered important to provide safe and effective care to village communities. The role may help communities achieve the targets of national health programmes.

Setu Bharatam was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 4 March 2016 at a budget of 102 billion (US$1.3 billion), with an aim to make all national highways free of railway crossings by 2019.

This is a list of Indian states and territories by the percentage of households which are open defecation free, that is those that have access to sanitation facilities, in both urban and rural areas along with data from the Swachh Bharat Mission, National Family Health Survey, and the National Sample Survey. The reliability of this information can be questioned, as it has been observed that there is still open defecation in some states claimed "ODF".

The Government of India launched the Garib Kalyan Rojgar Abhiyaan (GKRA) initiative to tackle the impact of COVID-19 on shramik (migrant) workers in India. It is a rural public works scheme which was launched on 20 June 2020 with an initial funding of 50,000 crore (US$6.3 billion). GKRA aims to give 125 days of employment to 670,000 migrant workers, approximately two-thirds of the total migrant labourer force that has gone back to rural areas. The scheme covers 116 districts in six states, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Odisha and Jharkhand. The scheme is a joint effort by 12 different Ministries(Department of rural development, Department of Drinking water and sanitation, Ministry of Road Transport and Highway, Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Department of Telecommunication, Department of New and Renewable Energy, Ministry of Railways, Minisiry of Mines, Department of Agricultural Research and Education, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Ministry of Petroleum, Ministry of Defence) /Departments and covers 25 categories of works/ activities.

The Department of Animal husbandry and Dairying (DAHD) is an Indian government department. It is a subsidiary department of the Ministry of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries which was formed as a new Indian ministry in 2019. The DAHD or the erstwhile Department of Animal husbandry, Fishiries and Dairying was formed in 1991 by merging together into a separate department, of two divisions of Department of Agriculture and Cooperation namely Animal husbandry and Dairy development.In 1997 the fishiries division of Department of Agriculture and Cooperation and a part of Ministry of Food Processing Industries was transferred to it. In February 2019 the Department of Fishiries was carved out from the Department of Animal husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries and it has been functioning as Department of Animal husbandry and Dairying since then.

National Action Plan for Climate Change (NAPCC) is a Government of India's programme launched in 2008 to mitigate and adapt to the adverse impact of climate change. The action plan was launched in 2008 with 8 sub-missions. The plan aims at fulfilling India's developmental objectives with focus on reducing emission intensity of its economy. The plan will rely on the support from the developed countries with the prime focus of keeping its carbon emissions below the developed economies at any point of time. The 8 missions under NAPCC are as follows:

References

  1. Mission milk launched Archived 2012-06-27 at the Wayback Machine
  2. Mission milk to boost milk production by 2021 Archived 2012-05-04 at the Wayback Machine
  3. Nanda, Prashant K. (5 July 2021). "Govt unveils NIPUN to improve learning". Livemint. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  4. "NRHM". Archived from the original on 23 September 2011. Retrieved 16 September 2011.
  5. "National Rural Health Mission" . Retrieved 16 September 2011.
  6. 1 2 3 Ajay Mahal, Bibek Debroy and Laveesh Bhandari (2010). India Health Report 2010. Business Standard Books. p. 138. ISBN   9789380740003.
  7. Peter Berman and Rajeev Ahuja (2008). "Government health spending in India". Economic and Political Weekly. Vol. 46. pp. 26–7.
  8. "Prime Minister's Office". Archived from the original on 17 May 2012. Retrieved 2 May 2012.
  9. Sub-missions:JNNURM Sub-Missions Archived 2012-05-10 at the Wayback Machine
  10. "Sonia Gandhi launches 'Swabhimaan campaign' in Delhi". Archived from the original on 12 March 2012.
  11. "PURA Scheme Guidelines" (PDF). Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 June 2014. Retrieved 2 August 2012.