Blissus

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Blissus
Hairy Chinch Bug - Blissus leucopteru (50594763067).jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Heteroptera
Family: Blissidae
Genus: Blissus
Burmeister, 1835 [1]

Blissus is a genus in the true bug family Blissidae, [2] commonly called chinch bugs in North America. The review by Slater (1979) listed 27 species. [3] The species B. leucopterus, [4] B. occiduus [5] and B. insularis [6] are important pests of cereal crops and turf grasses in their different ranges in the United States.

Contents

List of species

Related Research Articles

<i>Blissus leucopterus</i> Species of insect

Blissus leucopterus, also known as the true chinch bug, is a small North American insect in the order Hemiptera and family Blissidae. It is the most commonly encountered species of the genus Blissus, which are all known as chinch bugs. A closely related species is B. insularis, the southern chinch bug.

<i>Ranatra</i> Genus of true bugs

Ranatra is a genus of slender predatory insects of the family Nepidae, known as water scorpions or water stick-insects. There are around 100 Ranatra species found in freshwater habitats around the world, both in warm and temperate regions, with the highest diversity in South America and Asia. Fewer are found elsewhere, but include several African, some in North America, three from Australia and three from the Palearctic, notably the relatively well-known European R. linearis. Since Ranatra belongs to the family Nepidae which in turn belongs to the order Hemiptera, ranatrids are considered "true bugs".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lygaeoidea</span> Superfamily of true bugs

The Lygaeoidea are a sizeable superfamily of true bugs, containing seed bugs and allies, in the order Hemiptera. There are about 16 families and more than 4,600 described species in Lygaeoidea, found worldwide. Most feed on seeds or sap, but a few are predators.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lygaeidae</span> Family of true bugs

The Lygaeidae are a family in the Hemiptera, with more than 110 genera in four subfamilies. The family is commonly referred to as seed bugs, and less commonly, milkweed bugs, or ground bugs. However, while many of the species feed on seeds, some feed on sap (mucivory) or seed pods, others are omnivores and a few, such as the wekiu bug, are carnivores that feed exclusively on insects. Insects in this family are distributed across the world. The family was vastly larger, but numerous former subfamilies have been removed and given independent family status, including the Artheneidae, Blissidae, Cryptorhamphidae, Cymidae, Geocoridae, Heterogastridae, Ninidae, Oxycarenidae and Rhyparochromidae, which together constituted well over half of the former family.

<i>Nysius</i> Genus of true bugs

Nysius is a genus of false chinch bugs in the family Lygaeidae. At least 100 described species are placed in Nysius.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carl John Drake</span> American entomologist and zoologist

Carl John Drake was an American entomologist and zoologist. He specialized in the systematics of the Hemiptera apart from applied entomology in the control of crop pests.

<i>Ischnodemus sabuleti</i> Species of true bug

Ischnodemus sabuleti, also known as the European chinch bug, is a species of swarming true bug from the family Blissidae, which family also includes the American Chinch Bug Blissus leucopterus. It was first described by Carl Fredrik Fallén in 1826.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blissidae</span> Family of true bugs

The Blissidae are a family in the Hemiptera, comprising nearly 50 genera and 400 species. The group has often been treated as a subfamily of the Lygaeidae but was resurrected as a full family by Thomas Henry (1997).

<i>Ischnodemus</i> Genus of true bugs

Ischnodemus is a genus in the true bug family Blissidae. The review by Slater (1979) listed 95 species. The genus is found in all major zoogeographic regions, being most abundant on various species of Gramineae. The bodies of the adults are moderately to very elongated. The genus name was coined to refer to this slenderness, from the Greek ἰσχνόσ (ischnos) "feeble" and δέμασ (demas) "body".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orsillinae</span> Subfamily of true bugs

Orsillinae is a subfamily of seed bugs in the family Lygaeidae. There are at least 110 described species in Orsillinae; the type genus is Orsillus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cydninae</span> Subfamily of true bugs

Cydninae is a subfamily of burrowing bugs in the family Cydnidae. There are about 11 genera and at least 40 described species in Cydninae.

<i>Dictyla</i> Genus of true bugs

Dictyla is a genus of lace bugs in the family Tingidae. There are at least 80 described species in Dictyla.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oxycarenidae</span> Family of true bugs

Oxycarenidae is a family of true bugs in the order Hemiptera. There are more than 20 genera and 140 described species in Oxycarenidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geocoridae</span> Family of true bugs

Geocoridae is a family of big-eyed bugs in the order Hemiptera. There are more than 290 described species in Geocoridae.

Blissus arenarius is a species of true bug in the family Blissidae. It is found in North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ninidae</span> Family of true bugs

Ninidae is a family of true bugs in the order Hemiptera. There are about 5 genera and 14 described species in Ninidae.

Blissus occiduus, the western chinch bug, is a species of true bug in the family Blissidae. It is found in Central America and North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ischnorhynchinae</span> Subfamily of true bugs

Ischnorhynchinae is a subfamily of seed bugs in the family Lygaeidae. There are about 16 genera and more than 70 described species in Ischnorhynchinae. The members of this subfamily are small, terrestrial insects that typically translucent or transparent plate-like structures covering the thorax (pronota) and tend to live in plant flowers.

References

  1. Burmeister, H. (1835). Handbuch der Entomologie Bd. II. Ab. I. Berlin : Gustav Reimer. p. 290.
  2. Henry, T.J. (1997). "Phylogenetic analysis of family groups within the infraorder Pentatomomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), with emphasis on the Lygaeoidea". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 90 (3): 275–301. doi:10.1093/aesa/90.3.275.
  3. Slater, J.A. (1979). "The systematics, phylogeny, and zoogeography of the Blissinae of the world (Hemiptera, Lygaeidae)". Bulletin of the AMNH. 165 (1): 1–180. hdl:2246/1076.
  4. Wilson, J.P.; Ni, X.; Rajewski, J.A.; Dweikat, I.; Buntin, G. (2009). "Application of pathological principles to evaluating pearl millet for chinch bug resistance". Proc. 6th Asia-Pacific Congress of Entomology: 327–328. Archived from the original on 2014-12-17.
  5. Gulsen, O.; et al. (2009). "Characterization of peroxidase changes in resistant and susceptible warm-season turfgrasses challenged by Blissus occiduus". Arthropod-Plant Interactions. 4: 45–55. doi:10.1007/s11829-010-9086-3. S2CID   34259675.
  6. Rangasamy, M.; Mcauslane, H.; Backus, E.; Cherry, R. (2015). "Differential probing behavior of Blissus insularis (Hemiptera: Blissidae) on resistant and susceptible St. Augustinegrasses". Journal of Economic Entomology. 108 (2): 780–788. doi:10.1093/jee/tou061. PMID   26470190.