Bothy Culture

Last updated

Bothy Culture
Bennett bothy.jpg
Studio album by
Martyn Bennett
Released20th October 1997
Recorded1997
Genre Celtic fusion, world, dance
Length58:24
Label Rykodisc
Producer Martyn Bennett
Martyn Bennett chronology
Martyn Bennett
(1996)		Bothy Culture
(1997)		 Hardland
(2000)

Bothy Culture is the second studio album by the Scottish Celtic fusion artist Martyn Bennett, released in October 1997 (with a US release date in January 1998) on the Rykodisc label. After winning critical acclaim for his debut album Martyn Bennett (1996), Bothy Culture builds upon that album's mixing of Scottish Celtic music with farther, international folk music styles and contemporary electronic music. The album celebrates and draws upon the music of Bennett's native Gaeldom as well as the music of Islam and Scandinavia, with Bennett finding and emotionally connecting to the similarities between the geographically dispersed styles. It mixes the styles with contemporary electronic music such as breakbeat and drum and bass.

Contents

Named for the traditional party culture of Highland bothies, which Bennett related to modern club music subcultures, Bothy Culture was released to critical acclaim, with critics praising the effectiveness of the album's unique blend of disparate styles. Bennett formed the band Cuillin, consisting of himself, his wife and two other musicians, to tour in promotion of the album. Several critics have gone on to regard Bothy Culture as a groundbreaking and pioneering album that established Bennett as a prominent musician within the evolution of Scottish music, and Bennett went on to win the Glenfiddich Spirit of Scotland Award for Music. In 2018, 13 years after Bennett's death, his friend, composer Greg Lawson, hosted the much publicised show Bothy Culture and Beyond at the SSE Hydro, Glasgow, with his GRIT Orchestra, to celebrate the album's 20th anniversary.

Background

Martyn Bennett, already a Celtic musician, having grown up within Scottish Gaelic culture and learning to play the fiddle and piano, became influenced by the electronic dance music scene of the early 1990s and began regularly attending clubs, [1] [2] soon working Martin Swan's Mouth Music project, [3] combining traditional Gaelic songs and music with contemporary instruments. [4] He made his debut at the Glasgow Royal Concert Hall on 14 January 1994 supporting them. [5] His debut album Martyn Bennet (1996), released on the Edinburgh-based indie label Eclectic, [6] [7] was recorded in just seven days. [1] The album had a large impact on Scottish music, [1] and Bennett become one of a leading group of Scottish artists, others including Peatbog Faeries, Tartan Amoebas and Shooglenifty, who pioneered an "electro-ethnic-worldbeat" genre in which Scottish Celtic music was mixed with other folk influences from Europe and further afield like Asia, South America, Jamaica and Africa, and with contemporary music, especially electronic music. [8]

The Los Angeles Times lauded Bennett's "capitvating form of multi-culturalism," while the Toronto Sun noted the mixing of Gaelic jigs, Turkish bagpipes and Penjabi melodies with synthesizers and drum machines in his music. [2] After its release, he provided the live musical score for David Harrower’s play Knives in Hens, [9] and after writing scores for stage and television, he went on tour to America, supporting Wolfstone, [1] soon also playing at Edinburgh Hogmanay events in 1995 and 1996, [1] performing to more than 90,000 people. [2] It was with these events that his second album Bothy Culture started to piece together. More-so than his debut album, Bothy Culture developed as a result of his experiences of the early 1990s Glaswegian rave and house scenes and his experimentation with numerous types of world music. [8] It was recorded solely by Bennett within his home studio. [10] Compared to his debut album, Bennett described Bothy Culture as "less of a kind of virtuosic performance. It's a simpler kind of collage in a way. I think it's more complex and mature as well. The first album is full of testosterone." [11]

Composition

Inspiration and themes

The traditional culture of Highland bothies gave the album its name. Lairig Leacach Bothy.jpg
The traditional culture of Highland bothies gave the album its name.

Bennett explained Bothy Culture celebrates not only his own country's Gaelic culture and music, but also the music of Islam, for which he held a long-lasting fascination due to its vocals, modes and instrumentation being "similar in emotion" to Gaelic music styles, and the music of Scandinavia, which he found to have the same heavy-beat rowdiness and "solitary sweetness" of the ceilidh music he played in his upbringing. [12] He felt he understood Islamic and Scandinavian music as soon as he heard them due to them expressing themselves without words: "I recognised them to be some past life I had lived through perhaps, or they seemed to well up under my fingers without my awareness." [12]

The album is named for bothies, the Highland huts where travellers and shepherds would traditionally meet, rest, swap tunes and party. [3] Bennett had stayed in bothies when trekking the Highlands, and had over time taken note of the bothy songs and tunes written by shepherds and drovers over generations, and noted similar traditions in other worldwide mountainous cultures, especially those with bothy-style traditions, like Spain, Austria, Greece, China, Bulgaria and Turkey. He found comparisons between the atmospheres of bothies and urban nightclubs, where he had "spooky" experiences arriving for soundchecks when the clubs were cold and empty, but noted: "Although the music and songs that have been played in them are totally contrasting, it is this same sense of excitement that can transform four bare walls into a chamber of sheer sensual delight." [12]

Mairi McFayden of Bella Caledonia noted the significance of the bothy as a totemic symbol within the album. She said, despite a bothy seeming "unremarkable in itself," it nonetheless holds significant importance within Highland culture in that it they were the source of many memorable and important experiences for peoples' lives – "of gathering and companionship, of togetherness, of conviviality, of sharing stories, music and song. Of communitas." She felt this was "at the heart" of Bothy Culture: "whether the rhythmic entrainment of the rave or nightclub or the cultural intimacy and conviviality of the bothy, both are a vital a source of this dynamic life force – a feeling of connection to something outside and beyond our own individual, corporeal existence." [13]

Music

First and foremost an album of dance music, [13] Bothy Culture primarily celebrates and draws from the music of Bennett's native Gaeldom as well as Scandinavian music and Islamic music. [14] Dave Sleger of AllMusic felt the album mixes music from Punjabi, Scandinavian, Turkish and Irish cultures with modern club music styles like rave, techno and hip-hop, creating what he calls a "assiduous hybrid." [8] Though Bennett's previous work used electronic dance beats, Bothy Culture developed upon the prominence of these beats considerably, with styles of drum and bass and trippy breakbeats. [15] Billboard believed the album uses Bennett's native folk styles as the touchstone for what is essentially an "ultramodern" world music album, [10] while CMJ New Music Monthly emphasised the album's mixing of Gaelic traditions with "skittering" electronic beats." [16] The Times felt the album was dominated by its Scottish and Islamic music elements. [17]

Bennett plays a doudouk on "Ud the Doudouk" Doudouk armenien.jpg
Bennett plays a doudouk on "Ud the Doudouk"

Bennett plays all the instruments on the album, with instruments as eclectic as the flute and violin, the Turkish oud and dudek and numerous electronic and programming devices. [8] [18] As with Glen Lyon (2002), Bothy Culture is one of Bennett's more studio-based albums. [4] Permeating throughout is a "flat" synth sound that is often minimised by the bagpipes, violin, unusual vocal snippets, samples and "other electronic curiosities." [10] The large amount of percussive breakbeats, as is common with contemporary dance music, augment Bannett's pipe and fiddle playing throughout, [19] though the electronic beats are mostly unobtrusive, allowing the fiddles and pipes more room to permeate. [16] Other electronic sounds on the album include ambient textures like in that of contemporary electronica, including modem-style squeals and micro-processed winds. [16]

Described by Bennett as "a party tune with a pile of twaddle over the top," [20] the opening "Tongues of Kali" is an upbeat number flavoured by Punjabi music, [21] and contains funky grooves, bagpipes, sitar and "DJ tinged mayhem." [18] [19] It starts with thick vocal gargling, keyboard work and percussion which journalist Scott Frampton compared to the sound of "someone whacking a caber tosser's thigh," before the appearance of a house hi-hat rhythm and later a "sort of Gaelic scat." [16] Author Gary West compared the song's Eastern mouth music with the Gaelic styles of puirt à beul and canntaireachd . [15] The second track, "Aye?," features the word 'aye' muttered in numerous inflections; Kate Molleson of The Guardian called it "a stroke of deadpan brilliance, spoken word stripped back to a single redolent syllable. Bennett never overdid things." [22] "Sputnik in Glenshiel" is reminiscent of Stéphane Grappelli, [19] and combines Celtic and Middle Eastern violin "rhapsodies." [10]

The fourth track, "Hallaig," features a sample of Gaelic poet Sorley MacLean reading his poem of the same name shortly before his death in 1996. [3] The originally Gaelic language poem is named for the deserted township on Raasay, MacLean's birthplace, and reflects on the nature of time and the Highland Clearances' historical impact, leaving a desolated landscape. Mairi McFayden of Bella Caledonia felt it was "poetic that many of those lost lifelines from the diaspora have found their way back through music," and called the track "quietly political in its beauty" and the album's "centrepiece." [13] The hypnotic "Ud the Doudouk" mixes melodies and Bennett's playing of the doudouk, a Middle Eastern woodwind instrument, with "techno club and Scottish folk beats". [16] [23] "4 Notes" is an ethnic-style techno track, [18] while "Waltz for Hector" combines Bennett's traditional and modern playing styles, fusing Celtic and Mediterranean music elements atop a drum and bass rhythm, and finishes with Bennett playing the pibroch "Lament for Red Hector" on a lone bagpipe. [18] [19]

Release and reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Allmusic Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svg [24]
Billboard (favourable) [10]
CMJ New Music Monthly (favourable) [16]
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svg [25]
The Living Tradition(favourable) [19]

Bothy Culture was released on 20th October 1997 (13th January 1998 in the US) by Rykodisc. [18] A relative commercial success, the album topped the US college radio charts. [26] On the CMJ New World chart, based on combined reports of reggae and world music airplay on American radio stations, Bothy Culture reached a peak of number 3. [27] A music video for "Tongues of Kali" was directed by David Mackenzie and filmed at The Arches, Glasgow, in 1998. The music video was for many years unavailable, until The Martyn Bennett Trust uncovered the video and re-released it in January 2018 for the album's 20th anniversary. [20]

Although Bennett played all the instruments on Bothy Culture himself, he formed the band Cuillin when touring in promotion of the album, helping make the music sound "more organic" and helping to inject "even more energy" into his performances. [20] In addition to Bennett, the band contained Deirdre Morrison (violin, vocals), Rory Pierce (Irish pipes, percussion and flutes) and Bennett's wife Kirsten (samples, backline and keys). [14] [3] The tour began in late 1997 at King Tut's Wah Wah Hut, Glasgow, and continued throughout 1998 in Europe, in which the group played their "heady mix of Scottish trad, club grooves and world beats." [14] Notable performances on the tour included a stint at T in the Park, [28] and, after an official invitation from the Scotland national football team, a performance at the Buddha Bar in Paris ahead of the opening 1998 World Cup match between Scotland and Brazil, where Ewan McGregor, Sean Connery and Ally McCoist joined the band on stage to dance. [3]

Bothy Culture received positive critical reviews. Dave Sleger of AllMusic named it an "Album Pick", calling the album's mix of Punjabi, Scandinavian, Irish and Turkish cultures with rave, techno and hip-hop a "assiduous hybrid," and concluding: "It's loud, it's unrelenting and it's insurgent." [8] Paul Verna of Billboard wrote that Bennett used his "native folk styles" as a "launching pad for a tastily idiosyncratic, ultramodern world music blend that ranks with the best of the progressives like Deep Forest or Wolfstone," and called the album a "consistently entertaining set." [10] Scott Frampton of CMJ New Music Monthly felt that "Bothy Culture's filtering of traditional Highland sounds through urban modernity [is] more than equal to the sum of its parts." [16] Keith Witham of The Living Tradition wrote that Bennett was a rare a musician "who doesn't have to hide behind electronic gadgetry to cover a lack of technical proficiency. As a classically trained musician he really is a master of his chosen instruments." [19]

Colin Irwin of The Independent reflected that Bothy Culture won Bennett many friends and marked him out as "a leading figure in the evolution of Scottish music," calling the album a "storming mix of Gaelic tradition, raw emotion and glorious, full-blooded dance beats." [3] The album has been called "pioneering" by The Guardian , [26] and "groundbreaking" by the BBC, [29] and by The Scotsman . [23] Readers of the Scotland on Sunday voted Bennett the winner of the 1998 Glenfiddich Spirit of Scotland Award for Music, [30] while the album came close to earning a Mercury Music Prize nomination. [3] In a retrospective review, Colin Larkin rated the album four stars out of five in The Encyclopedia of Popular Music and called it "hugely impressive album that encompassed Bennett's multicultural approach to modern music." [25] Neil McFayden of Folk Radio UK wrote in 2018 that "Bothy Culture still sounds as fresh and exciting as it did on the day of its release." [20]

Bothy Culture and Beyond

The SSE Hydro, where Bothy Culture and Beyond was performed. SSE Hydro in Glasgow.jpg
The SSE Hydro, where Bothy Culture and Beyond was performed.

To celebrate the 20th anniversary of Bothy Culture, and the 25th anniversary of the Celtic Connections festival, arranger and conductor Greg Lawson's GRIT Orchestra, named after Bennett's final album Grit (2003) and containing some 100 traditional folk, classical and jazz musicians, [17] performed the show Bothy Culture and Beyond at the SSE Hydro, Glasgow as part of the festival on 27 January 2018. [20] The shows were billed as a "music-vision-dance-bike spectacular," and feature Lawson's rearrangements of the tracks from the album, as well as visual spectacles, including internationally famous Scottish stunt cyclist Danny MacAskill, whose appearance was inspired by the film The Ridge (2014), in which MacAskill performed a stunt to the soundtrack of Bennett's "Blackbird". [14] [29] The show was Lawson and the GRIT Orchestra's second tribute to a Bennett album, following their Celtic Connections tribute to his final album Grit in 2015, [14] although the orchestra was even bigger for Bothy Culture and Beyond, adding a backline of Scottish fiddlers including Duncan Chisholm, Chris Stout and Aidan O'Rourke. [31] Lawson was a friend of Bennett, [20] and when asked why he chose to perform Bothy Culture, he said:

"Grit celebrated the vocal traditions in Scottish music whereas Bothy Culture is about the melodic and dance traditions. It’s about saying 'let's hold hands and go dancing and have a fantastic time.' Being glad to be alive is a thing to celebrate and that’s what Bothy Culture means to me." [32]

The bulk of the music was the result of two separate string sections, with numerous Scottish fiddlers leading the traditional melodies in one string section while accompanying soundscapes were provided by classical violins, double bass and cellos in the other. The voice of "Aye?" was provided by Innes Watson of the Treacherous Orchestra. [14] David Hayman read Sorley MacLean's English translation of "Hallaig," while in a break from the album, Fiano Hunter and the Glasgow Chapel Choir recreated the Grit song "Blackbird", accompanied by Danny MacAskill's stunt cycle work. [14] "Shputnik in Glenshiel" was accompanied by whistle from Fraser Fifeld, while “Ud the Doudouk” featured punches of brass, Innes’ spirited chants and a "perfectly-timed finish." Meanwhile, the “impossibly whacky” intro for "Joik" was translated to strings, brass and percussion, unifying the folk and classical string sections. [14] "Waltz for Hector" was heralded in by drum beats and soft whistles and featured a percussion section from James MacKintosh capturing the song's complex beats. [14]

The show was critically acclaimed from the likes of The Scotsman ("an epic arrangement of another Bennett album"), [31] the BBC, [29] The Times ("the effect can be like standing in the actual landscape famously captured by a master in oils"), [17] The Guardian , who called the show a "multimedia celebration" and "a weird fusion of the deep-rooted and brazenly off-kilter", [22] and Folk Radio UK , who said the show "brought Martyn’s incredible music back to a live audience and proved just how complex his ideas, how inclusive his influences and wide-ranging his imagination really were." [14] Bella Caledonia said: "If the original live show GRIT was about a celebration of lost voices – of remembrance – then this year’s event was an unapologetic and euphoric celebration of Bennett’s life, energy and vision. Bothy Culture is dance music first. Everyone was as high as a kite," [13] while McFayden of Folk Radio UK said: "As Greg Lawson said on the night – this was one man’s music, and it took this immense event to bring that music back to the stage. This week is the 13th anniversary of Martyn’s passing, and the music he was making 20 years ago continues to inspire today’s musicians. That's always worth remembering." [14]

Track listing

  1. "Tongues Of Kali" (7:07)
  2. "Aye?" (6:22)
  3. "Shputnik In Glenshiel" (5:50)
  4. "Hallaig" (8:19)
  5. "Ud The Doudouk" (5:44)
  6. "4 Notes" (5:55)
  7. "Joik" (3:26)
  8. "Yer Man From Athlone" (6:25)
  9. "Waltz For Hector" (9:20)

Personnel

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Music of Scotland</span>

Scotland is internationally known for its traditional music, often known as Scottish folk music, which remained vibrant throughout the 20th century and into the 21st when many traditional forms worldwide lost popularity to pop music. Traditional Scottish music comprises a variety of different styles such as ballads, reels, jigs and airs. Traditional Scottish music is closely associated with the bagpipes which is credited as having a prominent role in traditional music originating from the country. The bagpipes are considered to an "iconic Scottish instrument" with a history dating back to the 15th century. Other notable Scottish instruments include the tin whistle, the accordion and the fiddle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scottish folk music</span> Genre of traditional music from Scotland

Scottish folk music is a genre of folk music that uses forms that are identified as part of the Scottish musical tradition. There is evidence that there was a flourishing culture of popular music in Scotland during the late Middle Ages, but the only song with a melody to survive from this period is the "Pleugh Song". After the Reformation, the secular popular tradition of music continued, despite attempts by the Kirk, particularly in the Lowlands, to suppress dancing and events like penny weddings. The first clear reference to the use of the Highland bagpipes mentions their use at the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh in 1547. The Highlands in the early seventeenth century saw the development of piping families including the MacCrimmons, MacArthurs, MacGregors and the Mackays of Gairloch. There is also evidence of adoption of the fiddle in the Highlands. Well-known musicians included the fiddler Pattie Birnie and the piper Habbie Simpson. This tradition continued into the nineteenth century, with major figures such as the fiddlers Niel and his son Nathaniel Gow. There is evidence of ballads from this period. Some may date back to the late Medieval era and deal with events and people that can be traced back as far as the thirteenth century. They remained an oral tradition until they were collected as folk songs in the eighteenth century.

<i>Cèilidh</i> Irish and Scottish social gathering

A cèilidh or céilí is a traditional Scottish and Irish social gathering. In its most basic form, it simply means a social visit. In contemporary usage, it usually involves dancing and playing Gaelic folk music, either at a home or a larger concert at a social hall or other community gathering place.

Martyn Bennett was a Canadian-Scottish musician who was influential in the evolution of modern Celtic fusion, a blending of traditional Celtic and modern music. He was a piper, violinist, composer and producer. Diagnosis of serious illness at the age of thirty curtailed his live performances, although he completed a further two albums in the studio. He died from cancer in 2005, fifteen months after the release of his fifth album Grit.

Celtic rock is a genre of folk rock, as well as a form of Celtic fusion which incorporates Celtic music, instrumentation and themes into a rock music context. It has been prolific since the early 1970s and can be seen as a key foundation of the development of successful mainstream Celtic bands and popular musical performers, as well as creating important derivatives through further fusions. It has played a major role in the maintenance and definition of regional and national identities and in fostering a pan-Celtic culture. It has also helped to communicate those cultures to external audiences.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bothy</span> Permanent basic shelter for temporary use

A bothy is a basic shelter, usually left unlocked and available for anyone to use free of charge. It was also a term for basic accommodation, usually for gardeners or other workers on an estate. Bothies are found in remote mountainous areas of Scotland, Northern England, Ulster and Wales. They are particularly common in the Scottish Highlands, but related buildings can be found around the world. A bothy was also a semi-legal drinking den on the Isle of Lewis. These, such as Bothan Eòrapaidh, were used until recent years as gathering points for local men and were often situated in an old hut or caravan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peatbog Faeries</span>


The Peatbog Faeries are a largely instrumental Celtic fusion band. Formed in 1991, they are based in Dunvegan on the Isle of Skye, Scotland.

Celtic fusion is an umbrella term for any modern music which incorporates influences considered "Celtic", or Celtic music which incorporates modern music. It is a syncretic musical tradition which borrows freely from the perceived "Celtic" musical traditions of all the Celtic nations, as well as from all styles of popular music, it is thus sometimes associated with the Pan-Celtic movement. Celtic fusion may or may not include authentic traditional music from any one tradition under the Celtic umbrella, but its common characteristic is the inspiration by Celtic identity.

<i>Solar Shears</i> 2000 studio album by Shooglenifty

Solar Shears is the third studio album and fourth album overall by Scottish Celtic fusion band Shooglenifty. After the critical acclaim given to their underground second album A Whisky Kiss (1996), the band left Greentrax Recordings and signed to Vertical Records in the UK and Compass Records in the US and hired long time producer Jim Sutherland to produce their new album. The album sees the band expand their self-described "acid croft" sound, featuring a wide range of musical influences such as worldbeat, Eastern music, African music, psychedelic music, bluegrass, breakbeat and techno fused with a traditional Scottish Celtic music sound. With this album, Sutherland introduced many unorthodox approaches to the band's music, including looped beats, scratching, electro-atmospherics and sampled 'discovered sounds' from industrial clanks and rumbles to snatches of telephone conversation and recorded pelican crossing announcements.

The Scots Trad Music Awards or Na Trads were founded in 2003 by Simon Thoumire to celebrate Scotland's traditional music in all its forms and create a high profile opportunity to bring the music and music industry into the spotlight of media and public attention. Nominations are made by the public and in 2019 over 100,000 public votes were expected across 18 categories.

Mouth Music is a Scottish-inspired musical project founded in 1988, whose combination of traditional Gaelic songs and music with contemporary instrumental and technological settings led them to international fame in the early 1990s.

Talitha MacKenzie is a Scottish-American world music recording artist, and historical dance and music teacher and performer. Initially known as a vocalist in the original duo Mouth Music, she has maintained a solo career. Although most associated with Celtic and Gaelic music, she performs a wide range of early music and dance, as well as her own compositions.

<i>Grit</i> (Martyn Bennett album) 2003 studio album by Martyn Bennett

Grit is the last studio album by the Scottish Celtic fusion artist Martyn Bennett. It was released on 13 October 2003 on the Real World label.

<i>Celtic Folkweave</i> 1974 studio album by , Mick Hanly and Mícheál Ó Domhnaill

Celtic Folkweave is a studio album by Mick Hanly and Mícheál Ó Domhnaill, released in 1974 by Polydor Records. Considered a seminal album in the traditional Irish music genre, the musicians involved in the recording would go on to found some of the most innovative and important groups to perform traditional Irish music.

Martin Swan is a Scottish multi-instrumentalist, songwriter, composer, record producer, recording engineer and instrument designer.

Bongshang are a Scottish band from Shetland, who fuse traditional Shetland and folk styles with rock, funk, electronica and contemporary production techniques. They have been likened to Celtic fusion artists such as Shooglenifty and Martyn Bennett.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Margaret Bennett (writer)</span> British musician, broadcaster, writer

Margaret Bennett is a Scottish writer, folklorist, ethnologist, broadcaster, and singer. Her main interests lies in the field of traditional Scottish folk culture and cultural identity of the Scots in Scotland and abroad. The late Hamish Henderson, internationally distinguished poet and folklorist, said about her: Margaret embodies the spirit of Scotland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Findlay Napier</span> British singer

Findlay Napier is a Scottish singer songwriter and teaching artist. He was a member of Scottish folk group Back of the Moon and runs music writing courses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Niteworks</span> Electronic Celtic fusion band

Niteworks is an Electronic Celtic fusion band from the Isle of Skye. The band are known for writing new songs in Gaelic and melding the bagpipes and Gaelic song forms such as puirt a beul with techno and house beats.

Valtos is an electronic Celtic fusion duo based on the Isle of Skye. Their name comes from the village of the same name, close to Staffin on Skye.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Obituary: Martyn Bennett". The Daily Telegraph. 2 February 2005. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 Harris, Craig. "Artist Biography by Craig Harris". AllMusic. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Irwin, Colin (2 February 2005). "Obituary: Martyn Bennett. Storming innovator in Scottish music". The Independent. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  4. 1 2 "The ecstatic beat goes on". The Scotsman. 8 January 2006. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  5. ↑ "Gifted man of music gets a loud and clear salute". The Scotsman. 16 January 2006. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  6. ↑ "A fizzpop treat of youth and strength". The Herald. 16 March 1996. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  7. ↑ Adams, Rob (17 May 2014). "Martyn Bennett's music lives on as Grit gets reissue". The Herald. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Sleger, Dave. "AllMusic Review by Dave Sleger". AllMusic. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  9. ↑ "Knives In Hens, Traverse Theatre, Edinburgh". The Herald. 5 June 1995. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Verna, Paul (7 February 1998). "Reviews & Previews". Billboard. Vol. 110, no. 6. p. 75. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  11. ↑ McNally, John (24 October 1997). "Music: Preview". The List (318): 42. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  12. 1 2 3 "Bothy Culture".
  13. 1 2 3 4 McFayden, Mairi (2 February 2018). "Bothy Culture and Beyond: A Live Lasting Culture". Bella Caledonia. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 McFayden, Neil (30 January 2018). "CELTIC CONNECTIONS: THE GRIT ORCHESTRA, BOTHY CULTURE AND BEYOND (LIVE REVIEW)". Folk Radio. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  15. 1 2 West, Gary (2012). Voicing Scotland: Folk, Culture, Nation. Scotland: Luath Press Ltd. p. 81. ISBN   978-1908373281 . Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Frampton, Scott (February 1998). "Reviews". CMJ New Music Monthly (54): 30–31. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  17. 1 2 3 Adams, Rob (28 January 2018). "Review: Bothy Culture & Beyond, The SSE Hydro, Glasgow". The Times. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 Sinclair, David (18 October 1997). "Global Music Pulse". Billboard. p. 53. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Witham, Keith (1998). "MARTYN BENNETT - "Bothy Culture" - Rykodisc RCD10381". Folk Music. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 6 McFayden, Martyn (19 January 2018). "MARTYN BENNETT: BOTHY CULTURE & BEYOND". Folk Radio. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  21. ↑ "Bothy Culture: Tongues of Kali Video recovered" . Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  22. 1 2 Molleson, Kate (28 January 2018). "Bothy Culture & Beyond review – joyous fusion of bike stunts and sonic chaos". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  23. 1 2 Ross, Peter (18 March 2012). "The restorative power of music". The Scotsman. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  24. ↑ link
  25. 1 2 Larkin, Colin (2011). The Encyclopedia of Popular Music (5th edn). London, UK: Omnibus Press. p. 2549.
  26. 1 2 Cartwright, Garth (2 February 2005). "Obituary: Martyn Bennett". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  27. ↑ Lien, James (11 January 1999). "New World '98". CMJ New Music Monthly. 57 (601): 22. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  28. ↑ Sturges, Fiona (2 May 1998). "Travel: Your complete guide to ... Festivals '98". The Independent. Retrieved 10 July 2016.
  29. 1 2 3 "Bothy Culture and Beyond". BBC. 2018. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  30. ↑ "The Royal Conservatoire of Scotland Martyn Bennett Memorial Scholarship". Margaret Bennett. Archived from the original on 6 February 2018. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  31. 1 2 Shepherd, Fiona (29 January 2018). "Celtic Connections review: Bothy Culture and Beyond, Hydro, Glasgow Read". The Scotsman. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  32. ↑ Scott, Garry (17 January 2018). "Celtic Connections: A unique tribute to John Martyn and Martyn Bennett". Herald Scotland. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.