| C3orf80 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aliases | C3orf80 , chromosome 3 open reading frame 80 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | MGI: 1915975; HomoloGene: 110165; GeneCards: C3orf80; OMA:C3orf80 - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Membrane protein C3orf80 (C3orf80) is a human protein encoded by the C3orf80 gene. [5]
C3orf80 is on chromosome 3 from 160,225,422 to 160,228,213 bp. [6] It spans 2,792 bases on the plus strand and contains only one exon. [5]
Neighboring genes of C3orf80 include IFT80, BRD7P2, and SMC4. [5]
| Gene | Orientation | Location | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| IFT80 | Minus strand | 160,256,986-160,399,880 | Part of IFT complex B [7] |
| BRD7P2 | Plus strand | 160,100,691-160,102,912 | Pseudogene of BRD7 [8] |
| SMC4 | Plus strand | 160,399,274-160,434,954 | Part of the condensin complex [9] |
The mRNA transcript of human C3orf80 contains no introns, has only one isoform, and the complete sequence has been found. [5] [10]
Expression of C3orf80 is highest in the cerebral cortex, esophagus, and colon. [13] A higher expression of C3orf80 has been observed from multiple sclerosis brain lesions. [14] [15] Expression of C3orf80 has also been found by machine learning to be associated with different forms of cancer. A two-fold increase in expression was found in low-grade glioma based on whether the cells expressed CMTM3 or not. [16] A 107.61 fold increase in expression was seen after inhibition of CLIC1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. [17] C3orf80 was one of three genes' expression levels found to form the best machine learning model for predicting invasive carcinoma. [18] Finally, C3orf80 was one of 34 genes used in a machine learning model to predict if patients had a response to FOLFIRI chemotherapy. [19]
C3orf80 is 247 amino acids long, has a molecular weight of 25.6 kDa before modifications, and has been proven to exist at the protein level, however, the tertiary structure is unknown. [6] The protein is annotated to be a single-pass membrane protein, localizing at the cell membrane. [20] The amino acid sequence of C3orf80 contains a signal peptide, transmembrane region, disordered region, glycosylation, and domain of unknown function 4719 (DUF4719). [20]
Within humans, there is 0.02 ppm of C3orf80, a relatively low amount compared to other proteins. [21] Immunochemical staining has shown protein localization in cilia of glandular cells of the human fallopian tube. [22]
Orthologs of human C3orf80 are specific to vertebrates. [23] The farthest ortholog of human C3orf80 is found in Callorhinchus milii, with a date of divergence of 462 million years ago. [24] Orthologs can be found in all major groups from Chondrichthyes to Mammalia; however, Aves have unique orthologs of C3orf80 compared to any other group. [25] [26]
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Group | Date of Divergence (mya) [27] | Ortholog Accession Number | Sequence Length | Sequence Identity [28] | Sequence Similarity [28] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | Human | Mammalia | 0 | NP_001161686.1 [5] | 247 | 100% | 100% |
| Mus musculus | House mouse | Mammalia | 87 | NP_001161468.1 [29] | 247 | 92% | 94% |
| Antechinus flavipes | Yellow-footed antechinus | Marsupialia | 160 | XP_051839055.1 [30] | 237 | 59% | 65% |
| Sarcophilus harrisii | Tasmanian devil | Marsupialia | 160 | XP_031813452.1 [31] | 239 | 58% | 65% |
| Alligator mississippiensis | American alligator | Reptilia | 319 | XP_019347204.1 [32] | 210 | 54% | 58% |
| Mauremys mutica | Yellow pond turtle | Reptilia | 319 | XP_044885017.1 [33] | 203 | 50% | 54% |
| Prinia subflava | Tawny-flanked prinia | Aves | 319 | XP_063264524.1 [34] | 179 | 27% | 33% |
| Gallus gallus | Red junglefowl | Aves | 319 | XP_025009399.2 [35] | 145 | 26% | 31% |
| Aquila chrysaetos | Golden eagle | Aves | 319 | XP_029884193.1 [36] | 319 | 20% | 25% |
| Pseudophryne corroboree | Southern corroboree frog | Amphibia | 352 | XP_063772225.1 [37] | 194 | 48% | 54% |
| Bufo bufo | Common toad | Amphibia | 352 | XP_040286993.1 [38] | 189 | 46% | 53% |
| Pleurodeles waltl | Iberian ribbed newt | Amphibia | 352 | KAJ1088024.1 [39] | 240 | 41% | 47% |
| Rhinatrema bivittatum | Rhinatrema | Amphibia | 352 | XP_029473235.1 [40] | 206 | 41% | 46% |
| Protopterus annectens | West African lungfish | Sarcopterygii | 408 | XP_043926856.1 [41] | 210 | 38% | 44% |
| Latimeria chalumnae | West Indian Ocean coelacanth | Sarcopterygii | 415 | XP_006002129.1 [42] | 189 | 39% | 44% |
| Polypterus senegalus | Gray bichir | Actinopterygii | 429 | XP_039612526.1 [43] | 196 | 34% | 45% |
| Chelmon rostratus | Copperband butterflyfish | Actinopterygii | 429 | XP_041796725.1 [44] | 219 | 31% | 42% |
| Danio rerio | Zebrafish | Actinopterygii | 429 | XP_068069764.1 [45] | 162 | 31% | 39% |
| Stegostoma tigrinum | Zebra shark | Chondrichthyes | 462 | XP_048398267.1 [46] | 196 | 30% | 40% |
| Callorhinchus milii | Australian ghostshark | Chondrichthyes | 462 | XP_007888000.1 [47] | 220 | 29% | 35% |
