Calinaga buddha

Last updated

Freak
Calinaga buddha formosana back 20130316.jpg
C. b. formosana Fruhstorfer, 1908
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Genus: Calinaga
Species:
C. buddha
Binomial name
Calinaga buddha
Moore, 1857
Subspecies [1]
6 subspecies
Synonyms [1]
3 synonyms

Calinaga buddha, the freak, is a species of butterfly in the Nymphalidae family, Calinaginae subfamily. It is found from Muree, Punjab, Pakistan to Assam, India and from Sikkim, India to north Myanmar. [1] The subspecies C. b. brahma Butler, 1885 is found in Yunnan, China and Assam India, and the subspecies C. b. formosana Fruhstorfer, 1908 is found in Taiwan. [1]

Contents

Description

CalinagaBuddha 390 1.png

The upperside ground colour is fuliginous (sooty) black with the veins prominently black. Forewings and hindwings with the following white markings, sometimes slightly tinged with cream colour. Forewing: basal half of cell; a transverse spot at its apex; basal two-thirds of interspace 1 a small diffuse spot at bases of interspaces 4 and 5; a discal transverse series of elongate spots from interspace 2 to costa, becoming slender streaks in interspaces 9 and 10; and a postdiscal series of more rounded spots, minute in interspaces 7 and 8. The elongate white mark in interspace 1 traversed by a slender black streak. Hindwing with the following similar while markings: The dorsal margin broadly up to vein 1; the basal half of interspace 1; nearly the whole of the discoidal cell; spots at base of interspaces 4, 5, 6, and 7; an upper discal transverse series of four elongate spots, and a postdiscal similar series of more rounded smaller spots. Underside: forewing pale fuliginous black; white markings as on the upperside, but larger, more diffuse. Hindwing: ground colour ochraceous; white markings as on the upperside, but interspaces 1 a and 1 strongly tinged with ochraceous; discal and postdiscal series of six, not four, spots each; veins chestnut-brown. Antenna, head, thorax posteriorly and abdomen black; pronotum and mesonotum anteriorly and on the sides with crimson pubescence; beneath, antennae, head, thorax and abdomen black. [2]

Larvae

Morus australis Poir. is a host plant for C. buddha. [3] The female lays isolated eggs on the underside of leaves of the host plant. The first instar larvae feed from the tip of the leaves without eating the midrib. The tiny larva uses the tip of the uneaten midrib for resting. The larvae from second to fourth instar make a refuge by cutting and folding one side of the leaf, [4] while the last instar larvae elaborate a tubular refuge by spinning silk.[ citation needed ]

Related Research Articles

<i>Euthalia aconthea</i> Species of butterfly

Euthalia aconthea, the common baron, often called simply baron, is a medium-sized nymphalid butterfly native to Sri Lanka, India and southeast Asia. It flies with stiff wing beats and often glides. The wing is not flapped very far below the horizontal.

<i>Graphium antiphates</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium antiphates, The Five-bar swordtail or the green black-striped giant jay is a species of papilionid butterfly found in South and Southeast Asia. The species was first described by Pieter Cramer in 1775.

<i>Meandrusa payeni</i> Species of butterfly

Meandrusa payeni, the yellow gorgon, is a species of swallowtail found in parts of South Asia and Southeast Asia. It belongs to the hooked swallowtails genus, Meandrusa, of the family Papilionidae. It is also called the outlet sword or the sickle.

<i>Luthrodes pandava</i> Species of butterfly

Luthrodes pandava also called the Plains Cupid or cycad blue, is a species of lycaenid butterfly found in South Asia, Myanmar, United Arab Emirates, Indochina, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Java, Sumatra and the Philippines. They are among the few butterflies that breed on cycads, known for their leaves being toxic to most vertebrates.

<i>Athyma selenophora</i> Species of insect (butterfly)

Athyma selenophora, the staff sergeant, is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in tropical and subtropical Asia.

<i>Tarucus theophrastus</i> Species of butterfly

Tarucus theophrastus, the common tiger blue, pointed Pierrot or African Pierrot, is a small butterfly found in the Old World tropics. It belongs to the lycaenids or blues family.

<i>Neptis soma</i> Species of butterfly

Neptis soma, the sullied sailer or the creamy sailer, is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in south and southeast Asia.

<i>Symbrenthia lilaea</i> Species of butterfly

Symbrenthia lilaea, the peninsular jester, is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in South Asia and Southeast Asia. It forms a superspecies with Symbrenthia hippoclus. There are numerous regional forms in a poorly resolved taxonomy.

<i>Cupha erymanthis</i> Species of butterfly

Cupha erymanthis, the rustic, is a species of brush-footed butterfly found in forested areas of tropical South Asia and Southeast Asia. The males and females are identical.

<i>Nacaduba hermus</i> Species of butterfly

Nacaduba hermus, the pale four-line blue, is a species of lycaenid butterfly found in Indomalayan realm. The species was first described by Baron Cajetan von Felder in 1860.

<i>Nacaduba berenice</i> Species of butterfly

Nacaduba berenice, the rounded six-line blue, is a lycaenid butterfly found in Indomalayan realm. The species was first described by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1869.

<i>Athyma nefte</i> Species of butterfly

Athyma nefte, the colour sergeant, is a species of brush-footed butterfly found in tropical South and Southeast Asia.

<i>Athyma zeroca</i> Species of butterfly

Athyma zeroca, the small staff sergeant, is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in tropical and subtropical Asia.

<i>Stibochiona nicea</i> Species of butterfly

Stibochiona nicea, the popinjay, is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in Asia.

<i>Cethosia nietneri</i> Species of butterfly

Cethosia nietneri, the Tamil lacewing, is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in Sri Lanka and south India. The species name is after John Nietner who obtained specimens of the butterfly from Ceylon from which it was described.

<i>Vindula erota</i> Species of butterfly

Vindula erota, the common cruiser, is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in forested areas of tropical South Asia and Southeast Asia.

<i>Argynnis hyperbius</i> Species of butterfly

The Indian fritillary is a species of butterfly of the nymphalid or brush-footed family. It is usually found from south and southeast Asia to Australia.

<i>Byblia ilithyia</i> Species of butterfly

Byblia ilithyia, the spotted joker or joker, is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in parts of Africa and Asia.

<i>Enispe cycnus</i> Species of butterfly

Enispe cycnus, the blue caliph, is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in Southeast Asia.

<i>Catochrysops strabo</i> Species of butterfly

Catochrysops strabo, the forget-me-not, is a small butterfly found in Asia that belongs to the lycaenids or blues family. The species was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1793. It is found in Sri Lanka, India, from Sikkim to Indochina and in Sundaland, Sulawesi and the Philippines.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Calinaga buddhaMoore, 1857". Finnish University and Research Network (FUNET). Retrieved 24 June 2024.
  2. Bingham, Charles Thomas (1905). Blanford, William Thomas (ed.). The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma Butterflies. Vol. 1 (1 ed.). London: Taylor and Francis. pp. 466–467. OCLC   1123474827 . Retrieved 24 June 2024.
  3. "Calinga buddhaMoore 1857". Biodiversity Informatics Group. Natural History Museum, London . Retrieved 24 June 2024. Hostplant Family: Moraceae, Hostplant Genus: Morus, Hostplant Species: australis
  4. "Calinaga buddha Freak". Reiman Gardens Iowa State University . Retrieved 24 June 2024. Eggs are laid singly on the underside of the leaves. First instar caterpillars feed on tips but leave midrib and use it as a resting place. Later instars make a shelter out of the leaf.