Campbellana

Campbellana
Male holotype
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Carposinidae
Genus:	Campbellana Salmon & Bradley, 1956
Species:	C. attenuata
Binomial name
Campbellana attenuata Salmon and Bradley, 1956 [1]

Campbellana is a genus of moths of the Carposinidae family, containing only one species, Campbellana attenuata. This species is endemic to the Campbell Islands of New Zealand.

Taxonomy

Campbell Island landscape

Campbellana and its only species C. attenuata were first described by J. T. Salmon and J. D. Bradley in 1956 using material collected by J. H. Sorensen at Campbell Island in August. ^[2] Campbellana was originally placed in Yponomeutidae but was transferred to Carposinidae in 1971 by John S. Dugdale. ^[3] The holotype of C. attenuata is held at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. ^[4]

Description

C. attenuata is described by Salmon and Bradley as follows:

Expanse of the fore wings, 13 mm. Head, thorax, and fore wing medium to dark brown in the female, paler and with scattered pale ochreous scales and crest of ochreous on top of the head in the male; antennae of female filiform, pale ochreous to creamy white, that of the male dark brown with the flagellum clothed by open whorls of extremely long fine hairs. Labial palpus pale fawn darkening to brown on terminal segment. The ventral surface and legs are paler in both sexes. Fore wings much reduced and tapering from base to apex as a long attenuated filament. Hind wings vestigial. Cilia absent from both fore and hind wings. ^[2]

Both the female and male adults of C. attenuata are brachypterous, that is having much reduced wings. ^[5]

Distribution

This species is endemic to New Zealand. ^{[6] [7]} It is only found at Campbell Island. ^{[2] [8]}

Habitat

C. attenuata inhabits tussock or sedge grassland. ^{[2] [5]}

Larval hosts

Dugdale hypothesised that the larvae of C. attenuata feed on grasses, likely on the dicotyledonous stolons or rosettes. ^[5]

Behaviour

The adults of C. attenuata emerge during the colder time of the year. ^[5] Specimens have been collected in August and in February. ^[5] This species jumps similar to a grasshopper. ^[2]

References

1. "Campbellana attenuata Salmon & Bradley, 1956". www.nzor.org.nz. Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
2. Salmon, J.T.; Bradley, J.D. (1956). "Lepidoptera from the Cape expedition and Antipodes Islands". Records of the Dominion Museum. 3 (1): 61–81.
3. Sattler, Klaus (1991). "A review of wing reduction in Lepidoptera". Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology. 60: 272. ISSN   0524-6431. Wikidata   Q122644165.
4. Dugdale, John Stewart (23 September 1988). "Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa". Fauna of New Zealand. 14. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research: 1–264. doi:10.7931/J2/FNZ.14. ISSN   0111-5383. Wikidata   Q45083134.
5. Dugdale, John S. (10 November 1971). "Entomology of the Aucklands and other islands south of New Zealand: Lepidoptera, excluding non-crambine Pyralidae". Pacific Insects Monographs . 27: 55–172. ISSN   0078-7515. Wikidata   Q64006453.
6. "Campbellana Salmon & Bradley, 1956". www.nzor.org.nz. Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd. Retrieved 2017-01-20.
7. Gordon, Dennis P., ed. (2010). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: Kingdom animalia: chaetognatha, ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Vol. 2. p. 457. ISBN   978-1-877257-93-3. OCLC   973607714. OL   25288394M. Wikidata   Q45922947.
8. Patrick, Brian (1994-03-01). "Antipodes Island Lepidoptera". Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 24 (1): 114. doi: 10.1080/03014223.1994.9517457 . ISSN   0303-6758.