Campbellton Formation

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Campbellton Formation
Stratigraphic range: Latest Pragian-Emsian 407.4  Ma
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Type Geological formation
Unit of Gaspé Sandstones
Overlies Val d’Amour Formation
ThicknessNearly 1 kilometer
Location
Region New Brunswick
CountryFlag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada

The Campbellton Formation is a geologic formation in New Brunswick. It preserves fossils dating back to the latest Pragian and Emsian of the Devonian period. [1]

Contents

Description

The Campbellton Formation is the southernmost representative of the Gaspé Sandstones group [2] and can be divided into 6 facies associations (restricted lacustrine, marginal lacustrine, near-shore lacustrine, coastal-deltaic, sandy to gravelly alluvial plain, and gravelly proximal alluvial environments), and is nearly a kilometer thick. [1] Lacustrine facies are prevalent in the lower parts of the eastern belt (representing a large open lake) while upper parts of the formation are dominated by alluvial facies (representing an eastward-flowing axial braided river system). [1]

Fossil content

Vertebrates

Acanthodians
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Ankylacanthus A. incurvusAtholville Beds. [3] Fin spines. [2] [3] A possible gyracanthid, formerly known as Gyracanthus incurvus. [3]
Cheiracanthus?C.? costellatus [2]
Cheiracanthus murchisoni life restoration.jpg
Mesacanthus M. semistriatus [2]
Mesacanthus pusillus.jpg
Chondrichthyans
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Doliodus D. latispinosus Fin spines. [4] Also known from the York River and Battery Point formations. [4]
Protodus P. jexi"Atholville Beds, shoreline approximately 1.3 km W of the interprovincial bridgecrossing the Restigouche River, near Campbellton". [5] Isolated teeth. [2] [5] A protodontid.
Ostracoderms
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Yvonaspis Y. campbelltonensisA cephalaspid, formerly listed as a species of Cephalaspis . [2] [6]
Y. jexiA cephalaspid, formerly listed as a species of Cephalaspis . [2] [6]
Y. westolliA cephalaspid, formerly listed as a species of Cephalaspis . [2] [6]
Placoderms
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Phlyctaenius P. acadicusFragments of exoskeleton and dermal plates. [2] A phlyctaeniid.
P. atholiFragments of exoskeleton and dermal plates. [2] A phlyctaeniid.
P. stenosusFragments of exoskeleton and dermal plates. [2] A phlyctaeniid.

Invertebrates

Arthropods
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Eoarthropleura Near the Dalhousie Junction and Point la Nim areas. [7] An arthropleurid.
Gaspestria G. genselorumA millipede. [8]
Millipede Unnamed. [9] 4 detailed impression fossils. [9]
cf. Parahughmilleria cf. P. sp."Point La Nim (48°03.97’N; 66°24.78’W), west of Dalhousie, New Brunswick". [10] "Specimen NBMG 11012 consists of a part and counterpart of an articulated partial preabdomen of the opisthosoma". [10] A eurypterid.
Primitia P. mundulaDisarticulated valves. [2] An ostracod.
P. scaphoidesDisarticulated valves. [2] An ostracod.
Pterygotus P. anglicus Atholville beds near the western end of the Campbellton Formation exposure. [7] A eurypterid.
20201227 Pterygotus anglicus.png
P. sp.A eurypterid. [2]
Scorpion Unnamed [11] Near the Dalhousie Junction and Point la Nim areas. [7] A scorpion with book lungs preserved. [9]
Molluscs
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Cyclora C. valvatiformisA gastropod. [2]
C. imbricataA gastropod. [2]

Plants

Plants
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Bitelaria B. dubjanskiiFacies 1. [11] A tracheophyte.
Chaleuria C. cirrosaFacies 5. [11] A tracheophyte.
Chaleuria cirrosa fossil land plant (Lower Devonian; New Brunswick, southeastern Canada) 1 (15518602081).jpg
Drepanophycus D. gaspianusFacies 1, 2, 3 and 5. [11] A drepanophycale.
Drepanophycus gaspianus.jpg
D. spinaeformisFacies 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6. [11] A drepanophycale.
Drepanophycus spinaeformis.jpg
D. sp.Facies 1 and 5. [11] A drepanophycale.
Drepanophycus sp.jpg
Kaulangiophyton Facies 1. [11] A tracheophyte.
Leclercqia L. complexaFacies 1 and 4. [11] A protolepidodendrale.
Leclercqia complexa.jpg
L. andrewsiiFacies 1. [11] A protolepidodendrale.
Loganophyton L. dawsoniFacies 1, 4 and 5. [11] A tracheophyte. [2]
Omniastrobus O. dawsonii"Impressions of strobili with numerous carbonized spore masses". [12]
Oocampsa O. catheta"About ½ mi west of Dalhousie Junction." [13] A tracheophyte.
Oricilla O. bilinearisFacies 1 and 5. [11] A zosterophyll.
Pachytheca Facies 2. [11]
Pertica P. dalhousiiFacies 5. [11] A tracheophyte.
Psilophyton P. coniculumFacies 6. [11] A trimerophytopsid.
P. charientosFacies 1. [11] A trimerophytopsid.
P. princepsFacies 1, 3, 5 and 6. [11] A trimerophytopsid.
Psilophyton princeps.jpg
P. sp.Facies 1 and 5. [11] A trimerophytopsid.
Sawdonia S. acanthothecaFacies 1 and 2. [11] A zosterophyll.
S. ornataFacies 1 and 5. [11] A zosterophyll.
Sawdonia ornata Cosmocaixa.JPG
Spongiophyton S. minutissimumFacies 1, 2 and 6. [11]
Taeniocrada T. dubiaFacies 2 and 5. [11] A tracheophyte.
Trimerophyton T. robustiusFacies 4. [11] A trimerophytopsid.
Trimerophyton robustius - Redpath Museum - McGill University - Montreal, Canada - DSC07979.jpg
Zosterophyllum Z. divaricatum"South shore of the Restigouche River near Dalhousie, New Brunswick". [14] A zosterophyll.
Fungi
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Prototaxites Facies 2 and 6. [11]

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 KennedyKirsten; R, GiblingMartin (2011-11-10). "The Campbellton Formation, New Brunswick, Canada: paleoenvironments in an important Early Devonian terrestrial locality". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 48 (12): 1561–1580. Bibcode:2011CaJES..48.1561K. doi:10.1139/e11-055.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Kennedy, Kirsten L.; Miller, Randall F.; Gibling, Martin R. (2012-11-15). "Palaeoenvironments of Early Devonian fish and other aquatic fauna of the Campbellton Formation, New Brunswick, Canada". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 361–362: 61–72. Bibcode:2012PPP...361...61K. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.08.002. ISSN   0031-0182.
  3. 1 2 3 Burrow, Carole J.; Turner, Susan; Desbiens, Sylvain; Miller, Randall F. (August 2008). "Early Devonian putative gyracanthid acanthodians from eastern CanadaInternational Geoscience Programme (IGCP) Contribution 491, Middle Palaeozoic Vertebrate Biogeography, Palaeogeography, and Climate". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 45 (8): 897–908. doi:10.1139/e08-033. ISSN   0008-4077.
  4. 1 2 Burrow, Carole J.; Turner, Susan; Maisey, John G.; Desbiens, Sylvain; Miller, Randall F. (2017). "Spines of the stem chondrichthyan Doliodus latispinosus (Whiteaves) comb. nov. from the Lower Devonian of eastern Canada". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 54 (12): 1248. Bibcode:2017CaJES..54.1248B. doi: 10.1139/cjes-2017-0059 . hdl: 1807/78890 . ISSN   0008-4077.
  5. 1 2 Turner, Susan; Miller, Randall F. (January 2008). "Protodus jexi Woodward, 1982 (Chondrichthyes), from the Lower Devonian Campbellton Formation, New Brunswick, Canada". Acta Geologica Polonica. 58 (2): 133–145.
  6. 1 2 3 Belles-Isles, Michel (1989-11-01). "Yvonaspis, nouveau genre d'Osteostraci (Vertebrata, Agnatha) du Dévonien (Emsien–Eifélien) des Grès de Gaspé (Québec, Canada)". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 26 (11): 2396–2401. Bibcode:1989CaJES..26.2396B. doi:10.1139/e89-204. ISSN   0008-4077.
  7. 1 2 3 Randall, F. Mill (2007-12-31). "Pterygotus anglicus Agassiz (Chelicerata: Eurypterida) from Atholville, Lower Devonian Campbellton Formation, New Brunswick, Canada". Palaeontology. 50 (4): 981–999. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2007.00683.x . ISSN   0031-0239. S2CID   140667798.
  8. ↑ Wilson, Heather M. (2006). "Juliformian Millipedes from the Lower Devonian of Euramerica: Implications for the Timing of Millipede Cladogenesis in the Paleozoic". Journal of Paleontology. 80 (4): 638–649. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2006)80[638:JMFTLD]2.0.CO;2. ISSN   0022-3360. JSTOR   4095102. S2CID   85823417.
  9. 1 2 3 Shear, W.; Gensel, P.; Jeram, A. (1996). "Fossils of large terrestrial arthropods from the Lower Devonian of Canada". Nature. 384 (6609): 555–557. Bibcode:1996Natur.384..555S. doi:10.1038/384555A0. S2CID   4367636.
  10. 1 2 Miller, Randall; Kennedy, Kirsten; Gibling, Martin (2012-03-20). "A eurypterid from the lacustrine facies of the Early Devonian Campbellton Formation, New Brunswick, Canada". Atlantic Geology. 48: 14–19. doi: 10.4138/atlgeol.2012.002 . ISSN   1718-7885.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 KENNEDY, K. L.; GENSEL, P. G.; GIBLING, M. R. (2012-06-29). "Paleoenvironmental Inferences from the Classic Lower Devonian Plant-Bearing Locality of the Campbellton Formation, New Brunswick, Canada". PALAIOS. 27 (6): 424–438. Bibcode:2012Palai..27..424K. doi:10.2110/palo.2012.p12-004r. ISSN   0883-1351. S2CID   128939115.
  12. ↑ Bonacorsi, Nikole K.; Gensel, Patricia G.; Hueber, Francis M.; Leslie, Andrew B. (2021-03-01). "Omniastrobus gen. nov., an Emsian Plant with Implications for the Evolution of Heterospory in the Early Devonian". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 182 (3): 198–209. doi:10.1086/712356. ISSN   1058-5893. S2CID   232050463.
  13. ↑ Andrews, Henry N.; Gensel, Patricia G.; Kasper, Andrew E. (1975-08-15). "A new fossil plant of probable intermediate affinities (Trimerophyte–Progymnosperm)". Canadian Journal of Botany. 53 (16): 1719–1728. doi:10.1139/b75-201. ISSN   0008-4026.
  14. ↑ Gensel, Patricia G.; Wellman, Charles H.; Taylor, Wilson A. (November 2013). "Spore Wall Ultrastructure of the Lower Devonian Zosterophylls Renalia hueberi and Zosterophyllum divaricatum". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 174 (9): 1302–1313. doi:10.1086/673240. ISSN   1058-5893. S2CID   83930515.


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