Cephalopholis formosa

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Cephalopholis formosa
Cephalopholis formosa - Blue-lined grouper - Ko Tao, Thailand 1674.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Serranidae
Subfamily: Epinephelinae
Genus: Cephalopholis
Species:
C. formosa
Binomial name
Cephalopholis formosa
(Shaw, 1812)
Synonyms [2]

Sciaena formosaShaw, 1812

Cephalopholis formosa, the Bluelined hind or bluelined rockcod is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is in the family Serranidae which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found in the Indo-Pacific where it is associated with reefs. It is sometimes found in the aquarium trade.

Contents

Description

Cephalopholis formosa has a body which is between two and a half to just under three times as long as it is deep. It has a rounded, finely serrated preopercle rounded which has a fleshy lower edge. There are 47 to 51 in the lateral line [3] There are 9 spines and 15-17 soft rays in the dorsal fin while the anal fin has 3 spines and 7-8 soft rays. The caudal fin is rounded. The scales on the body, including the abdomen, are ctenoid. The body is dark brown to yellowish brown in color with thin blue stripes. [2] There are small black and blue spots on the lips, snout, lower part of the head and the chest. [4] They attain a maximum total length of 34 centimetres (13 in). [3]

Distribution

Cephalopholis formosa is found in the shallow, coastal waters of the continent and continental islands of the eastern Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific Ocean, the only oceanic islands where it is found are the Lakshadweep Islands. [3] It is found from the Lakshadweeps and Sri Lanka east to the Philippines. It extends as far north as Honshu in Japan and south to Australia, [2] where it has been recorded only from the Northwest Shelf of Western Australia. [5] Records from the Mascarenes are probably misidentifications of Cephalolophis polleni while those from the Great Barrier Reef probably refer to C. boenak . [2] It has also been recorded in the Persian Gulf. [6]

Habitat and biology

Cephalopholis formosa is found in shallow waters over silty or dead reefs. [3] It is a solitary species. [2] It is found at depths between 10 and 30 metres (33 and 98 ft). It is a predatory species which feeds on other fishes and crustaceans. [1]

Taxonomy

Cephalopholis formosa was first formally described as Sciaena formosa in 1812 by the English naturalist George Shaw (1751-1813) with the book he wrote with the illustrator Frederick Polydore Nodder, The Naturalist's Miscellany, or coloured figures of natural objects; drawn and described from nature with the type locality given as Vizagapatam in India. [7]

Utilisation

Cephalopholis formosa is relatively small species of grouper is not normally a target for commercial fisheries. Local artisanal and subsistence fisheries take these fish as a bycatch using by hook and line, traps and trawls. In India it is exploited for food but it is also prized as an aquarium fish and fishing effort for this purpose is expected to increase. [1] It may have been introduced outside of its range due to escapes or releases from aquaria. [8]

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<i>Cephalopholis taeniops</i> Species of fish

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<i>Cephalopholis fulva</i> Species of fish

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<i>Cephalopholis panamensis</i> Species of fish

Cephalopholis panamensis, the Pacific graysby or Panama graysby, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is in the family Serranidae which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found in the Eastern Pacific Ocean.

<i>Cephalopholis polleni</i> Species of fish

Cephalopholis polleni, the harlequin hind, harlequin grouper, harlequin cod, harlequin rockcod or blue-lined grouper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is in the family Serranidae which also includes the anthias and sea basses. This fish occurs around offshore islands in the Indo-Pacific region. It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade.

<i>Cephalopholis urodeta</i> Species of fish

Cephalopholis urodeta, the darkfin hind, flagtail rockcod, chevron rockcod, duskyfin hind, duskyfin rockcod, flagtail grouper or V-tail grouper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is in the family Serranidae which also includes the anthias and sea basses. This fish occurs in the Western Pacific Ocean and the far eastern Indian Ocean.

<i>Cephalopholis spiloparaea</i> Species of fish

Cephalopholis spiloparaea, known commonly as the strawberry hindstrawberry rock cod, strawberry cod or orange rock cod, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is in the family Serranidae which also includes the anthias and sea basses. This fish occurs throughout the Indo-Pacific region.

<i>Epinephelus summana</i> Species of fish

Epinephelus summana, the summan grouper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It comes from the Eastern Indian Ocean that occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade.

<i>Plectropomus laevis</i> Species of fish

Plectropomus laevis, known commonly as the black-saddled coral grouper, cluespotted coral trout, blacksaddled coral trout, blue-spot trout, Chinese footballer, footballer cod, footballer coral trout, oceanic coral trout or tiger trout, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

Roving coral grouper Species of fish

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<i>Cephalopholis nigripinnis</i> Species of fish

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<i>Epinephelus ongus</i> Species of fish

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<i>Cephalopholis igarashiensis</i> Species of fish

Cephalopholis igarashiensis, known as the garish hind, Neptune grouper, goldbar grouper, or Japanese cod, is a deepwater species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is in the family Serranidae which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found on coral reefs at depths of 80 to 250 m in the Indo-Pacific.

<i>Cephalopholis sonnerati</i> Species of fish

Cephalopholis sonnerati, known as the tomato hind, tomato rockcod, or tomato cod, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is in the family Serranidae which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is distributed on coral reefs in the tropical Indo-Pacific. It is also sometimes called the orange-spotted cod, red coral cod, red rockcod, tomato grouper, or tomato seabass.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Liu, M.; Ma, K. (2018). "Cephalopholis formosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018: e.T132743A100454878. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T132743A100454878.en . Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2019). "Cephalopholis formosa" in FishBase. December 2019 version.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Heemstra, P.C. & J.E. Randall (1993). FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date (PDF). FAO Fish. Synopsis. 125. FAO, Rome. pp. 38–39. ISBN   92-5-103125-8.
  4. ↑ "Bluelined Rockcod, Cephalopholis formosa (Shaw & Nodder, 1812)". Australian Museum. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  5. ↑ Dianne J. Bray. "Cephalopholis formosa". Fishes of Australia. Museums Victoria. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  6. ↑ Tavakoli‐Kolour, Parviz; Khatami, Shadi; Barkhordari, Abbas; Farhadi Ahmad (2015). "First record of Cephalopholis formosa (Shaw, 1812) (Perciformes: Serranidae) in the Persian Gul". Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 31: 197–198. doi:10.1111/jai.12636.
  7. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Sciaena formosa". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  8. ↑ Tapan Kumar Barik; et al. (2018). "The First record of Cephalolophis formosa (Perciformes:Serranidae) from the marinae waters of Odisha Coast, Bay of Bengal, India". Journal of Ichthyology. 58: 751–753. doi:10.1134/S0032945218050028. S2CID   53222552.
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