Char (chemistry)

Last updated July 04, 2025

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Char is the solid material that remains after light gases (e.g. coal gas) and tar have been driven out or released from a carbonaceous material during the initial stage of combustion, which is known as carbonization, charring, devolatilization or pyrolysis.^[1]^[2]

Further stages of efficient combustion (with or without char deposits) are known as gasification reactions, ending quickly when the reversible gas phase of the water gas shift reaction is reached.

References

↑ Hasse, Christian; Debiagi, Paulo; Wen, Xu; Hildebrandt, Klaus; Vascellari, Michele; Faravelli, Tiziano (September 2021). "Advanced modeling approaches for CFD simulations of coal combustion and gasification". Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. 86: 100938. doi: 10.1016/j.pecs.2021.100938 .
↑ Hwang, I.H.; Matsuto, T.; Tanaka, N.; Sasaki, Y.; Tanaami, K. (January 2007). "Characterization of char derived from various types of solid wastes from the standpoint of fuel recovery and pretreatment before landfilling". Waste Management. 27 (9): 1155–1166. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2006.05.013.

v t e Coal
Coal types by grade (lowest to highest)	Xylit Peat ¹ Lignite Sub-bituminous coal Bituminous coal Anthracite Graphite ¹
Coal combustion	Ash pond Asian brown cloud Asthma Black coal equivalent Char Charcoal Coal combustion products fired power station gas phase-out pollution mitigation power in China power in the United States preparation plant seam fire tar Coke Coking Energy value Flue gas Fly ash Fossil fuel Fossil fuel phase-out Great Smog of London Greenhouse gas emissions Metallurgical coal NOx Smog Sulfur dioxide Toxic heavy metals
Coal mining	Blackdamp Black lung disease Coal dust Coalfields Coal gas homogenization liquefaction mining disasters in the United States mining region refuse slurry town Environmental issues in Appalachia Environmental justice and coal mining in Appalachia Firedamp Health and environmental impact of the coal industry Health effects of coal ash History of coal mining Hydrogen sulfide Mining regions Outbursts Peak coal Problems in coal mining Refined coal Whitedamp
Note: [1] Peat is considered a precursor to coal. Graphite is only technically considered a coal type.

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Char (chemistry)

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References