Chirodropidae

Chirodropidae
Chironex sp.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Cnidaria
Class:	Cubozoa
Order:	Chirodropida
Family:	Chirodropidae Haeckel, 1880
Genera
Chirodectes Gershwin, 2006 Chirodropus Haeckel, 1880 Chironex Southcott, 1956

Chirodropidae is a family of venomous box jellyfish within the class Cubozoa. Like other members of the order Chirodropida, they have branched pedalia (muscular bases at the corners of their cubic umbrella), in contrast to the unbranched pedalia of box jellyfish in the order Carybdeida. Each branch houses its own individual tentacle. ^[1] Nematocyst composition and type can vary among individuals within this family based on body size and life stage. ^[2] Like other box jellyfish, chirodropids can be found in coastal and shallow marine areas, but they have also been found to occur at benthic depths. ^[3]

Chirodropus gorilla

Habitat and Distribution

Chirodropida have been reported from a range of tropical, sub-tropical, and mild temperatures localities in the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean commonly found in Japan and Australia close to the coasts which affect the local fishermen, divers, and bathers. The Chirodropida jellyfish family have being seen on the deep coastal reefs.This type of jellyfish are strong swimmers which is a big advantage in highly dynamic tidal environments and help them to move from one place to another.

Genera

• Chirodectes Gershwin, 2006

• Chirodectes maculatus (Cornelius, Fenner & Hore, 2005)

• Chirodropus Haeckel, 1880

• Chirodropus gorilla Haeckel, 1880
• Chirodropus palmatus Haeckel, 1880

• Chironex Southcott, 1956

• Chironex fleckeri Southcott, 1956
• Chironex indrasaksajiae Sucharitakul, 2017
• Chironex yamaguchii Lewis & Bentlage, 2009

References

1. Cartwright, P; Halgedahl, S. L.; Hendricks., J. R.; Jarrard, R. D.; Marques, A. C.; Collins, A. G.; Lieberman, B. S. (2007-10-31). "Exceptionally Preserved Jellyfishes from the Middle Cambrian". PLOS ONE. 2 (10): e1121. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2.1121C. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001121 . ISSN   1932-6203. PMC   2040521 . PMID   17971881.
2. Oba, A.; Hidaka, M.; Iwanaga, S. (2004). "Nematocyst composition of the cubomedusan Chiropsalmus quadrigatus changes with growth". In Fautin, D. G.; Westfall, J. A.; Cartwrigh, P.; Daly, M.; Wyttenbach, C. R. (eds.). Coelenterate Biology 2003. Developments in Hydrobiology. Vol. 178. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 173–177. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-2762-8_21. ISBN   978-1-4020-2762-8.
3. Keesing, J.K.; Strzelecki, J.; Stowar, M.; Wakeford, M.; Miller, K. J.; Gershwin, L.; Liu, D. (2016-02-29). "Abundant box jellyfish, Chironex sp. (Cnidaria: Cubozoa: Chirodropidae), discovered at depths of over 50 m on western Australian coastal reefs". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 22290. Bibcode:2016NatSR...622290K. doi:10.1038/srep22290. ISSN   2045-2322. PMC   4770284 . PMID   26924604.

• "Chirodropidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
• Lewis, C. and B. Bentlage (2009). Clarifying the identity of the Japanese Habu-kurage, Chironex yamaguchii, sp nov (Cnidaria: Cubozoa: Chirodropida). Zootaxa 2030: 59–65