Christine Darden

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Christine Darden
Christine Darden.jpg
Christine Darden in Langley's Unitary Plan Wind Tunnel in 1975. Credit: NASA
Born
Christine Mann

September 10, 1942 (1942-09-10) (age 83)
Monroe, North Carolina, U.S.
Education Hampton University (BS)
Virginia State University (MS)
George Washington University (DSc)
Known forTechnical Leader of NASA's Sonic Boom Group
AwardsDr. A. T. Weathers Technical Achievement Award, 1985
Senior Executive Career Development Fellowship, 1994
Candace Award for Science and Technology from the National Coalition of 100 Black Women, 1987
Scientific career
Fields Aeronautical engineering

Christine Darden (born September 10, 1942, as Christine Mann) is an American aeronautical engineer who devoted much of her 40-year career in aerodynamics at NASA to research supersonic flight and sonic booms. She was the first African-American woman at NASA's Langley Research Center to be promoted to the Senior Executive Service, the top rank in the federal civil service.

Contents

Darden is one of the researchers featured in the book Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race (2016), a history of some of the influential African-American women mathematicians and engineers at NASA in the mid-20th century, by Margot Lee Shetterly. [1]

In 2019, Darden was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal. [2]

Early life and education

Christine Mann was born September 10, 1942, to schoolteacher Desma l. Cheney and insurance agent Noah Horace Mann Sr. in Monroe, North Carolina. Both parents encouraged her to pursue a quality education. [3] Starting from age three, Darden was brought by her mother to her own classroom where she taught, and at age four, Darden was enrolled in kindergarten. During elementary school, Darden took a great interest in breaking apart and reconstructing mechanical objects like her bicycle. [4] Darden finished her last two years of primary school at Allen High School, a boarding school in Asheville, North Carolina.

She graduated as the class valedictorian in 1958, subsequently receiving a scholarship to attend Hampton University, a historically black college then known as Hampton Institute. During her studies at Hampton, she participated in some of the early protests of the Civil Rights Movement. [1] She participated in several student sit-ins alongside her other Black peers. [4] Mann graduated from Hampton with a B.S. in Mathematics in 1962. She also earned a teaching certification, and taught high school mathematics for a brief time. [3]

Career

Teaching

In 1963, Mann married Walter L. Darden Jr., a middle-school science teacher. In 1965 she became a research assistant at Virginia State College, studying aerosol physics. In 1967, Darden earned an M.S. from Virginia State and taught classes there. [5]

Langley Research Center

In 1967, Darden started working as a human computer in the Langley Research Center computer pool at NASA. By that time, computers were increasingly used for the complex calculations to support engineering and design. The department, once tasked with processing scores of collected flight test data, by the 1940s had garnered a reputation as "human computers" who were essential to NASA's operation. During the 1950s and 1960s, more of these women gained opportunities to advance as technicians and engineers. [6]

In 1983, Darden earned a D.Sc. in engineering from George Washington University and was promoted to aerospace engineer. She specialized in analyzing supersonic noise. [7] In 1989, Darden was appointed as leader of the sonic boom team, a subsidiary of the High Speed Research (HSR) Program. She worked on designs to decrease the negative effects of sonic booms, such as noise pollution and the depletion of the ozone layer. Her team tested new wing and nose designs for supersonic aircraft. [5]

The program was canceled by the government in February 1998, "without fan fare or press announcement." [8] 1998 abstract published by Darden describes the program as focused on "technologies needed for the development of an environmentally friendly, economically viable High-Speed Civil Transport [HSCT]." [9] Darden wrote more than 50 articles in the general field of aeronautical design, specializing in supersonic flow and flap design, as well as the prediction and minimization of sonic booms.

In 1999, Darden became the director of the Aero-Performing Center Management Office. She was the first African-American woman at Langley to be promoted into the Senior Executive Service, the top rank in the federal civil service.

In March 2007, Darden retired from NASA as director of the Office of Strategic Communication and Education. [10]

Awards

In 1985, Darden received the Dr. A. T. Weathers Technical Achievement Award from the National Technical Association. She received a Candace Award from the National Coalition of 100 Black Women in 1987. [11] She received three Certificates of Outstanding Performance from Langley Research Center: in 1989, 1991, and 1992. [5]

On January 28, 2018, Darden received the Presidential Citizenship Award at Hampton University in recognition for her contribution and service". [12]

Darden received an honorary degree from North Carolina State University on December 19, 2018. [13]

Darden also received an honorary degree from the George Washington University on May 19, 2019. [14]

In 2019, Darden was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal. [2]

She delivered the Christine Darden Lecture at MathFest 2021. [15]

References

  1. 1 2 Shetterly, Margot Lee (2016). Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race. New York, United States: HarperCollins. pp.  202. ISBN   9780062363596.
  2. 1 2 "H.R.1396 - Hidden Figures Congressional Gold Medal Act". Congress.gov. 8 November 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  3. 1 2 "NASA - Standing on the Shoulders of a Computer". www.nasa.gov. 29 March 2013. Retrieved 2016-09-09.
  4. 1 2 Kessler, James H.; Kidd, J.S.; Kidd, Renée S.; Morin, Katherine A. (1996). Distinguished African American Scientists of the 20th Century. Phoenix, Arizona: Greenwood Publishing Group. pp.  60–63. ISBN   9780897749558.
  5. 1 2 3 Oakes, Elizabeth (2002). International Encyclopedia of Women Scientists. New York: Facts on File. pp.  81–82. ISBN   0-8160-4381-7.
  6. ↑ Atkinson, Joe (2015-08-24). "From Computers to Leaders: Women at NASA Langley". NASA Langley. Retrieved 2016-09-09.
  7. ↑ Bradshaw, Julia (11 July 2022). "Christine M. Darden". NASA. Archived from the original on 13 March 2023.
  8. ↑ Reynolds, Randolph S. (2004). "An Overview of the Demise of NASA's High Speed Research Program". Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research. 14 (1). doi: 10.58940/2329-258X.1536 . S2CID   109477225 . Retrieved September 8, 2016.
  9. ↑ Darden, Christine (September 11, 1998). "An Overview of NASA's HSR Program: Environmental Issues and Economic Concerns" (PDF). European Community on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences.
  10. ↑ "More Than 40 Take the Buyout, Retire". The Researcher News. April 4, 2007. Archived from the original on December 7, 2022. Retrieved September 8, 2016.
  11. ↑ "CANDACE AWARD RECIPIENTS 1982-1990, Page 2". National Coalition of 100 Black Women. Archived from the original on March 14, 2003.
  12. ↑ "Hampton University to celebrate Founder's Day with founder's great-grandson, alumni". Daily Press. January 24, 2018.
  13. ↑ "NASA Engineer, Leader to Give NC State Fall Commencement Speech".
  14. ↑ "Commencement Week 2019: What You Need to Know".
  15. ↑ "Invited Addresses | Mathematical Association of America". www.maa.org. Retrieved 2021-06-04.
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