Cleistanthus collinus

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Cleistanthus collinus
Cleistanthus collinus (Garari) in Narsapur forest, AP W IMG 0165.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Phyllanthaceae
Genus: Cleistanthus
Species:
C. collinus
Binomial name
Cleistanthus collinus
Synonyms

Lebidieropsis orbiculata var. lambertii
Lebidieropsis orbiculata var. collina
Lebidieropsis orbiculata(Roth) Müll.Arg.
Lebidieropsis collina(Roxb.) Müll.Arg.
Emblica palasisBuch.-Ham.
Bridelia collina(Roxb.) Hook. & Arn.
Andrachne orbiculata Roth
Andrachne cadishaco Roxb. ex Wall.
Amanoa collina(Roxb.) Baill.

Contents

Cleistanthus collinus [2] is a plant species first described by Roxburgh, with its current name after Bentham and Hooker; it is included in the family Phyllanthaceae. [3] [4] The IUCN categorizes this species as vulnerable. [1] No subspecies are listed in the Catalogue of Life. [3]

Properties

Cleistanthus collinus (Karra) contains a plant poison also called oduvan (Tamil), kadise (Kannada), Vadisaku (Telugu), Oduku (Malayalam) and Gaja Madara (Sinhala) . Ingestion of its leaves or a decoction of its leaves causes hypokalemia (kaliuresis and cardiac arrhythmias), [5] metabolic acidosis, hypotension and hypoxia [6] probably due to distal renal tubular acidosis, ARDS and toxin induced vasodilatation respectively. [7] [8] [9] Hypokalemia and acidosis probably also induces rhabdomyolysis resulting in myoglobinuric kidney failure and neuromuscular weakness. [10] Its effects are probably mediated by injury to the distal renal tubules, pulmonary epithelium and peripheral blood vessels due to glutathione depletion [11] (animal studies have shown benefit with N-acetylcysteine). [12]

References

  1. 1 2 World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1998). "Cleistanthus collinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 1998 e.T34271A9855293. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T34271A9855293.en .
  2. ↑ Benth. ex Hook.f., 1887 In: Fl. Brit. India 5: 274
  3. 1 2 Roskov Y.; Kunze T.; Orrell T.; Abucay L.; Paglinawan L.; Culham A.; Bailly N.; Kirk P.; Bourgoin T.; Baillargeon G.; Decock W.; De Wever A. (2014). Didžiulis V. (ed.). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
  4. ↑ "Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb.) Benth. ex Hook.f." Plants of the World Online / Kew Science.
  5. ↑ Thomas, K; Dayal, AK; Narasimhan, Alka G; Seshadri, MS; Cherian, AM; Kanakasabapathi, Molly B (1991). "Metabolic and Cardiac effects of Cleistanthus Collinus poisoning". J Assoc Physicians India. 39 (4): 312–314. PMID   1938816.
  6. ↑ Subrahmanyam, DK; Mooney, T; Raveendran, R; Zachariah, B. A (Nov 2003). "Clinical and laboratory profile of Cleistanthus collinus poisoning". J Assoc Physicians India. 51: 1052–4. PMID   15260387.
  7. ↑ Eswarappa, S.; Chakraborty, A R; Palatty, B U; Vasnik, M (2003). "Cleistanthus Collinus Poisoning: Case Reports and Review of the Literature". Clinical Toxicology. 41 (4): 369–72. doi:10.1081/clt-120022005. PMID   12870879. S2CID   20225328.
  8. ↑ Benjamin SPE, M Edwin Fernando, JJ Jayanth, Preetha B; Cleistanthus collinus poisoning. J Assoc Physicians India 2006 Sep; 54:742-44
  9. ↑ Nampoothiri, K; Chrispal, A; Begum, A; Jasmine, S; Gopinath, KG; Zachariah, A (Mar 2010). "A clinical study of renal tubular dysfunction in Cleistanthus collinus (Oduvanthalai) poisoning". Clin Toxicol. 48 (3): 193–7. doi:10.3109/15563651003641786. PMC   2875161 . PMID   20397801.
  10. ↑ Eswarappa, Benjamin SPE (Jan 2007). "Renal failure and neuromuscular weakness in Cleistanthus collinus poisoning". J Assoc Physicians India. 55: 85–86. PMID   17447300.
  11. ↑ Sarathchandra, G; Balakrishnamoorthy, P. "Acute toxicity of Cleistanthus collinus, an indigenous poisonous plant in Cavia procellus". Journal of Environmental Biology. 1998: 145–8.
  12. ↑ Annapoorani, KS; Damodaran, C; Chandrasekharan, P (1986). "A promising antidote to Cleistanthus collinus poisoning". J Sci Soc Ind. 2: 3–6.
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