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| Commonwealth Railways CL class | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The CL class is a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville for the Commonwealth Railways in several batches between 1970 and 1972. The class was the last in the world to be built with the Electro-Motive Diesel bulldog nose but differed from previous builds in having a mansard roof. [1]
In 1968, Commonwealth Railways placed an order for five 2237 kW locomotives with Clyde Engineering to operate services on the Trans-Australian Railway from Port Pirie to Kalgoorlie. They were mechanically similar to the Western Australian L class of 1967. The initial design was to have a Do-Do wheel arrangement and a USA style EMD FP45 cab. This was later changed to a streamlined carbody and conventional Co-Co wheel arrangement.[ citation needed ]
The first locomotive was completed in January 1970, with two further orders resulting in 17 locomotives being built with the last delivered in October 1972. [1] Their operating sphere was extended through to Perth on Indian Pacific services and for a time in the 1970s they operated through to Lithgow, New South Wales. In July 1975, all were included in the transfer of Commonwealth Railways to Australian National. The CLs began to operate to Alice Springs and Adelaide when these were converted to standard gauge in 1980 and 1983. In 2004, they began to operate to Darwin following this line opening.
In August 1992, Australian National awarded Morrison Knudsen Australia a contract to remanufacture the CLs at its Whyalla factory. [2] As part of the deal, Morrison Knudsen purchased the locomotives and leased them back to Australian National for 12 years. Seven were rebuilt as CLFs to operate freight services and ten as CLPs with head end power to operate the Indian Pacific , Ghan , and Overland passenger services. [3]
The rebuilding involved stripping back to the frame, with everything except for the nose section and monocoque frame removed. Changes included the EMD 645E3 engines being replaced with overhauled EMD 645E3C engines imported from Morrison Knudsen in the US, the original main alternators were rebuilt from AR10/A4-D14 to the AR10/A9-D14 type, refurbished D78 traction motors replaced the originals along with a new gear ratio, and new MK-LOC microprocessor controls were fitted. The cab was upgraded to modern standards, the brake setup was also changed from twin to single shoe per wheel, and a number of other small changes were made to assist maintenance. [3]
After rebuilding, the locomotives did not retain their numbers, for example, the first locomotive converted was CL2 which emerged as CLF1. All were back in service by the end of 1993. The CLFs appeared in the standard Australian National green with yellow data panel, strip and B-end. The CLPs received a unique livery, with a lighter green nose, silver carbody, and a yellow stripe running from the nose to the rear. [3]
In 1994, Australian National's interstate services were transferred to National Rail. The lease with Morrison Knudsen meant the locomotives could only be used on Australian National trains, or a higher lease fee would apply. As a result, the class were not seen on National Rail operated trains, and did not venture onto the wider national standard gauge network until Australian National won hook and pull contracts for private operator SCT Logistics. [3]
From January 1994, CLPs began operating the Indian Pacific from Sydney to Perth, previously New South Wales and Western Australia used their own locomotives on the train when within their state borders. [4] On conversion to standard gauge in 1995, The Overland was also hauled by CLPs. [3] The use of the CLPs on passenger trains came to an end in November 1997, when the passenger operations of Australian National were sold to Great Southern Rail, who contracted National Rail to haul their trains.
CLP15 was involved in the Mount Christie head-on collision in February 1997, being stored for several months before scrapping in November the same year. [3]
In November 1997, the CL class were sold to Australian Southern Railroad with Australian National's remaining freight operations. With the splitting up of the Australian Railroad Group in June 2006, ten went to QR National (later known as Aurizon) and six (CLF5, CLF6 & CLP8, CLP14, CLP16 and CLP17 to Genesee and Wyoming Australia (later sold to Aurizon). [5] [6] [7] [8] The units operated out of Adelaide see regular work on Intermodal, Grain and other Bulk services, an overhaul program commenced in 2020 with CLP8, CLP14 and CLP16 receiving rust repairs, repaints and CCO's.
In mid-2017, a fund-raising campaign was started with the aim of purchasing CLP10 from Apex International and restoring it externally to its as-built condition as CL17. On 21 June 2018, it was announced that the campaign had been successful in raising the $150,000 required to purchase the locomotive for preservation. [9] [10]
In mid-2019, it was revealed that Southern Shorthaul Railroad (SSR) had purchased 4 locomotives from the Apex group. These included CLF1, CLF3, CLP9 & CLP12, with 2204 (ex NSWGR 422 class locomotive 42216) also included in the sale. [11] The locomotives were transferred from Goulburn to Cootamundra for reactivation, and they re-entered service between 2020 and 2023.
The remaining Apex group CLs were purchased by RailPower. These included CLF2, CLF4, CLP11, & CLP13. The 2 CLFs, CLF2 and CLF4 were reactivated in 2020. [12] As of 2024, CLP11 and CLP13 were still being worked on to return to service.
On 8 March 2023, CLF1 and CLF4 were involved in a level crossing accident at Rockview, New South Wales. [13] CLF1 was taken to SSR's workshops in Bendigo, Victoria and CLF4 was taken to MainTrain in Auburn, NSW. [14] [12] CLF1 was deemed economically irreparable, and is currently awaiting scrapping. As of 2024, CLF4 is still undergoing repairs at MainTrain.
| Key: | In Service | Stored | Preserved | Under Restoration | Under Repair | Scrapped |
|---|
| Original Number | Entered Service | Renumbered As | Rebuild Serial | Name | Current/Last Owner | Livery | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CL1 | February 1970 | CLP15 | 93-AN-15 | John Gorton (formerly) | Australian National | AN Green, Yellow and Silver | Scrapped |
| CL2 | March 1970 | CLF1 | 93-AN-1 | City of Whyalla (formerly) Milton Bromwich | Southern Shorthaul Railroad | Southern Shorthaul Railroad | Accident Damaged, March 2023. Stored at Bendigo, future unconfirmed. |
| CL3 | April 1970 | CLP13 | 93-AN-13 | Nukunu | RailPower | QRN - Maroon, Yellow and Black | Reactivation |
| CL4 | May 1970 | CLP14 | 93-AN-14 | Barngarla | Aurizon | ORA Orange & Black with Aurizon Logos | In service |
| CL5 | July 1970 | CLF4 | 93-AN-4 | RailPower | ARG Orange and Black with Railpower Logos | Accident Damaged, March 2023. Under Repair | |
| CL6 | November 1970 | CLF6 | 93-AN-6 | Aurizon | GWA Orange & Black | In service | |
| CL7 | November 1970 | CLF3 | 93-AN-3 | Space Ghost (formerly) Jason Ferguson | Southern Shorthaul Railroad | SSR Black and Silver | In service |
| CL8 | January 1971 | CLP17 | 93-AN-17 | Arabana | Aurizon | GWA Orange & Black with Aurizon Logos | In service |
| CL9 | March 1971 | CLP8 | 93-AN-8 | Gough Whitlam (formerly) | Aurizon | ORA Orange & Black with Aurizon Logos | In service |
| CL10 | April 1971 | CLP16 | 93-AN-16 | Murunitja | Aurizon | ORA Orange & Black with Aurizon Logos | In Service |
| CL11 | June 1971 | CLF2 | 93-AN-2 | RailPower | ARG Orange and Black with Railpower Logos | In Service | |
| CL12 | July 1971 | CLF5 | 93-AN-5 | Aurizon | GWA Orange & Black | In service | |
| CL13 | August 1971 | CLP9 | 93-AN-9 | Wiljakali | Southern Shorthaul Railroad | Auscision Models MkII | First revenue service in 10 years on 21st of august 2023 |
| CL14 | December 1971 | CLP11 | 93-AN-11 | Charlie Jones (formerly) | RailPower | QRN - Maroon, Yellow and Black | Stored (Goulburn) |
| CL15 | January 1972 | CLP12 | 93-AN-12 | Ngadjuri (formerly) Casper | Southern Shorthaul Railroad | Primer White with SSR Logos | In service |
| CL16 | March 1972 | CLF7 | 93-AN-7 | Aurizon | ARG Orange & Black | Scrapped | |
| CL17 | June 1972 | CLP10 | 93-AN-10 | William McMahon (formerly) Mirning (formerly) | Streamliners Australia | Unpainted steel (to be restored to original condition in Commonwealth Railways livery) | Preserved/Under Restoration |
"Bulldog nose" is the nickname given, due to their appearance, to several cab-unit diesel-electric locomotives manufactured by GM-EMD and its licensees from 1939 to 1970. The term originated with EMD F-units, as well as later E-unit models such as the E7, E8, and E9. The bulldog nose design, which has been described as a "cultural icon", consists of two narrow front cab windows, swept back above a protruding nose section, usually with a prominent nose-top mounted headlight. This bore resemblance to a dog's face. It was a blunter and more vertical variation of the early "slant nose" style, which featured a more sloped front and often less protruding headlight. Examples of this included the EMC E1.
The 422 class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville for the Department of Railways New South Wales in 1969/70.
The 442 class are a class of diesel locomotives built by AE Goodwin and Comeng, Auburn for the New South Wales Department of Railways between 1970 and 1973.
The 421 class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville for the Department of Railways New South Wales in 1965/66. These mainline locomotives were a follow on from the 42 class. The 421s retained the classic bulldog nose as with the other Clyde built GM and S locomotives at one end, but featured a flat-cab at the other end. In this respect, they are unique amongst bulldog nose locomotives in the world.
The X class are a class of mainline diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville and Rosewater for the Victorian Railways between 1966 and 1976.
The T class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville for the Victorian Railways between 1955 and 1968.
The GM class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville for the Commonwealth Railways in several batches between 1951 and 1967. As of January 2014, some remain in service with Aurizon and Southern Shorthaul Railroad.
The L Class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville and Eagle Farm, and Commonwealth Engineering, Rocklea for the Western Australian Government Railways between 1967 and 1973.
The J class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville, for the Western Australian Government Railways in 1966.
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The South Australian Railways 930 class was a class of diesel-electric locomotives built for the South Australian Railways between 1955 and 1967 by AE Goodwin, Auburn, New South Wales, the Australian licensee of the American Locomotive Company (Alco). Based on the Alco DL500B World series model, they were fitted with Alco 12-251B four-stroke V12 turbocharged diesel engines that developed 1600 horsepower for traction. The first six of the class had a driving cab at one end only; the remaining 31 locomotives had two. The latter series, up-rated, were the basis of the almost identical New South Wales 44 class, of which 100 were built from 1957.
The 600 class are a class of diesel-electric locomotives manufactured by AE Goodwin, Auburn for the South Australian Railways between 1965 and 1970.
The 500 class were a class of South Australian Railways diesel shunter locomotives built at Islington Railway Workshops between 1964 and 1969.
The AL class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Rosewater for Australian National in 1976–1977. They were mechanically similar to the CL class but instead of a bulldog nose had two flat ended cabs, similar to the 422 class built for the New South Wales Government Railways in 1969.
The NJ class are a class of diesel locomotive built in 1971 by Clyde Engineering, Granville for the Commonwealth Railways for use on the Central Australia Railway.
The BHP Whyalla DE class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville for BHP between 1956 and 1965.
The Queensland Railways 2170 class is an Australian diesel-electric locomotive.
The 2800 class are a class of diesel locomotive built by A Goninan & Co, Townsville for Queensland Rail between 1995 and 1998.
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Media related to Commonwealth Railways CL class locomotives at Wikimedia Commons