Corstorphine Hill

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Corstorphine Hill
Corstorphine Hill - geograph.org.uk - 1296932.jpg
Looking across Ravelston Golf Course to Corstorphine Hill
Highest point
Elevation 161 m (528 ft)
Prominence 117 m (384 ft)  OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Isolation 0.23 km (0.14 mi)  OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Dimensions
Length2.4 km (1.5 mi)N-S
Geography
Location map United Kingdom Edinburgh.png
Red triangle with thick white border.svg
Corstorphine Hill
Edinburgh, Scotland
Edinburgh UK relief location map.jpg
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Corstorphine Hill
Corstorphine Hill (the City of Edinburgh council area)
Scotland relief location map.jpg
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Corstorphine Hill
Corstorphine Hill (Scotland)
OS grid NT206738
Topo map Ordnance Survey Landranger 66
Climbing
Easiest route Easy walk on well-defined paths from Ravelston Dykes Road or Clermiston Road

Corstorphine Hill is a low ridge-shaped hill rising above the western suburbs of Edinburgh, Scotland. Although there has been residential and commercial development on its lower slopes, especially in the south and west, most of the hill is occupied by a local nature reserve, consisting of extensive broadleaf woodland, accessible to the public.

Contents

The hill, which is composed largely of dolerite, was formed by the west-to-east movement of glaciers during the Pleistocene period. There is evidence of prehistoric settlement. Today the hill is popular with walkers, dog-walkers and joggers. Among its interesting features are a 19th-century tower, a walled garden and a Cold War bunker.

Location

Corstorphine Hill is located approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 miles) west of Edinburgh's city centre. [1] It is surrounded by residential suburbs, in particular by Barnton and Davidson's Mains to the north, Blackhall and Murrayfield to the east, Clerwood and Clermiston to the west, and Corstorphine to the south.

Physical features

The hill is a prominent feature of Edinburgh's skyline. It appears as a long, low, L-shaped ridge, extending about 2.4 kilometres (1.5 miles) in length from north to south and rising to 161 metres (528 feet). The upper slopes, which are heavily wooded, form a local nature reserve (LNR), managed by the City of Edinburgh Forestry and Natural Heritage Service and the Friends of Corstorphine Hill. It is the largest urban woodland in the city. [2] [3]

By contrast, parts of the lower slopes have been built on, particularly in the south and west. The area between Kaimes Road and Clermiston Road is largely residential, consisting mainly of bungalows and small villas. Other buildings on the hill include Fox Covert Primary School, [4] two large hotels (Capital Moat House and Holiday Inn), St Andrew's Clermiston Church, [5] St Anne's Parish Church [6] and the Spire Murrayfield Hospital. Some 82 acres (33 ha) of the southern slopes are occupied by Edinburgh Zoo.

Corstorphine Hill is one of Edinburgh's traditional "Seven Hills", an allusion to the Seven Hills of Rome. It is the fourth highest of the seven.

Woodlands

The LNR consists of three broad types of woodland. There are about 15 acres (6.1 ha) of oak and birch woods into which sycamore and beech have been introduced. Some 21 acres (8.5 ha) of mixed broadleaf woodland are present, composed primarily of native ash, oak and elm into which sycamore, lime, Norway maple, horse chestnut, sweet chestnut, beech and various conifers have been introduced. And there are about 11 acres (4.5 ha) of more formal policy woodland originally associated with Hillwood House and Calderwood House, and composed of a variety of native and non-native broadleaf and coniferous species. [7]

Archaeology

There is evidence of prehistoric settlement on Corstorphine Hill. At the end of the 19th century, quarrying operations uncovered shells, bones, stone tools and pottery, while hammer stones, cup-marked stones, part of a quern and other pottery fragments from a kitchen midden have also been discovered. There are eleven cup-marks on the western slopes, nine in the shape of a pentagon with two in the centre. These were probably part of a sacred Neolithic or Bronze Age site, but their precise purpose is unknown. [2]

Geology

Corstorphine Hill is made up primarily of dolerite, a hard, crystalline igneous rock, sitting above softer, more erodible sedimentary rocks. The hill was shaped by west-to-east flowing glaciers during the Pleistocene period, forming steep cliffs of doleritic bedrock in the west and gentle slopes of boulder clay in the east. The top surface of the dolerite shows grooves cut by stones scraping the surface, these being set in the base of the ice and acting like sandpaper. [8]

Other features

Corstorphine Hill Tower Corstorphine Hill Tower.jpg
Corstorphine Hill Tower

Recreational uses

The LNR is a popular location for informal recreation such as walking, dog-walking, jogging, bird-watching and sledging. The extensive tree cover limits the view from most of the hill, but the summit offers extensive views in all directions. Since 2010, the hill has been a recipient of a Green Flag Award in recognition of its quality as an open space. [2] [16]

The hill hosts a permanent orienteering course, established by the Edinburgh Southern Orienteering Club. [17] The 215 kilometres (133.6 miles) John Muir Way long-distance path crosses the hill on the section of its route between South Queensferry and Edinburgh. [18] The hill is also on the route of the Seven Hills of Edinburgh race, an annual running race which takes in the summits of the city's traditional "seven hills". The race, which was established in 1980, is usually held on a Sunday in June. [19]

There are two golf courses on the eastern side of the hill: Ravelston Golf Course in Ravelston Dykes Road; and Murrayfield Golf Course in Murrayfield Road.

Further reading

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References

  1. Straight-line distance between the summit and Princes Street.
  2. 1 2 3 "About Corstorphine Hill". Friends of Corstorphine Hill.
  3. Corstorphine Hill Local Nature Reserve Management Plan 2017 ‐ 2026 (PDF). City of Edinburgh Council. 2017. p. 1.
  4. "Fox Covert Primary School" . Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  5. "St Andrew's Clermiston". Origin Scotland. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  6. "St Anne's Parish Church" . Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  7. Management Plan (2017), p. 37-39.
  8. "Corstorphine Hill". Edinburgh Geological Society. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  9. Historic Environment Scotland. "Edinburgh, Corstorphine Hill, Clermiston Tower (122177)". Canmore . Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  10. "Corstorphine Hill Walled Garden". Gazetteer for Scotland. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  11. "Corstorphine Hill LNR Community Walled Garden Management Plan 2018-2021" (PDF). p. 27. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  12. "Corstorphine Hill Cemetery". Gazetteer for Scotland. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  13. "Edinburgh (Corstorphine Hill) Cemetery". Commonwealth War Graves. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  14. McDowall, Julie (19 January 2016). "Our Cold War secret bunker in an Edinburgh suburb". The National. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  15. "Former Cold War Bunker in Edinburgh gets A Listed". Historic Environment Scotland. 9 June 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
  16. Management Plan (2017), p. 16.
  17. "ESOC's Permanent Orienteering Courses". Edinburgh Southern Orienteering Club. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  18. "South Queensferry to Edinburgh". The John Muir Way. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  19. "The Course". Seven Hills of Edinburgh Race and Challenge. Retrieved 28 October 2020.

55°57′6″N3°16′18″W / 55.95167°N 3.27167°W / 55.95167; -3.27167