Corymbia erythrophloia

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Red bloodwood
Corymbia erythrophloia tree.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Corymbia
Species:
C. erythrophloia
Binomial name
Corymbia erythrophloia
Synonyms [1]

Eucalyptus erythrophloiaBlakely

Corymbia erythrophloia capsules Corymbia erythrophloia capsules.jpg
Corymbia erythrophloia capsules
Corymbia erythrophloia bark Corymbia erythrophloia bark.jpg
Corymbia erythrophloia bark
Savannah woodland with C. erythrophloia, Eucalyptus crebra and Vachellia bidwillii Acacia bidwillii in savannaii.jpg
Savannah woodland with C. erythrophloia, Eucalyptus crebra and Vachellia bidwillii

Corymbia erythrophloia, commonly known as red bloodwood, [2] variable-barked bloodwood, [3] red-barked bloodwood or gum-topped bloodwood, [4] is a species of tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has rough bark on the trunk and branches, egg-shaped or lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and urn-shaped to spherical fruit.

Contents

Description

The tree typically grows to a height of 15 metres (49 ft) with tessellated, red-brown, dull, grey or pink bark that is persistent on the trunk and lower branches. The bark sheds in small polygonal flakes [5] giving the tree a mottled appearance. Young plants and coppice regrowth have elliptical to egg-shaped, later lance-shaped leaves that are 55–125 mm (2.2–4.9 in) long and 20–55 mm (0.79–2.17 in) wide and petiolate. Adult leaves are arranged alternately, more or less the same shade of dull grey-green on both sides, lance-shaped to broadly lance-shaped or curved, 90–236 mm (3.5–9.3 in) long and 20–35 mm (0.79–1.38 in) wide, tapering at the base to a narrowly flattened petiole 9–28 mm (0.35–1.10 in) long. [3] [5] [6] [7]

The flower buds are arranged on the ends of branchlets on a branched peduncle 4–21 mm (0.16–0.83 in) long, each branch of the peduncle with seven buds on thin pedicels 3–10 mm (0.12–0.39 in) long. Mature buds are oval or pear-shaped, 6–10 mm (0.24–0.39 in) long and 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) wide with a rounded, sometimes pointed operculum. The tree will bloom between January to April and the flowers are creamy white. The fruit is a woody urn-shaped to more or less spherical capsule 11–21 mm (0.43–0.83 in) long and 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in) wide. The seeds are boat-shaped or oval and reddish brown with a wing on the end. [2] [5] [6] [7]

Taxonomy and naming

The first formal description of this species was by William Blakely in 1934 who published the description in his book A Key to the Eucalypts and gave it the name Eucalyptus erythrophloia. The type specimens were collected by Thomas Lane Bancroft (1860–1933) near Eidsvold in 1919. [5] [8] [9] In 1995, botanists Ken Hill and Lawrie Johnson defined the genus Corymbia, identifying the bloodwoods, ghost gums and spotted gums as a group distinct from Eucalyptus and they changed the name Eucalyptus erythrophloia to Corymbia erythrophloia. [10] [11]

Distribution and habitat

Corymbia erythrophloia is found down the east coast of Queensland as far north as Queenstown on the Cape York Peninsula where it is found as far west as the Gulf of Carpentaria. The range then extends as far south as the Hervey Bay with an isolated population found further south to the west of Brisbane. [12] It is found on grassy woodlands or low rolling hills containing clayey or stony soils mostly of volcanic origin. It is often found in association with mountain coolibah or the silver-leaved ironbark. [13]

Conservation status

This eucalypt is classified as of "least concern" under the Queensland Government Nature Conservation Act 1992 . [14]

Use in horticulture

The tree can be grown as a shade tree that is a bird attractor in gardens where it can tolerate a hot overhead sun and dry soils. Soils can be ordinary or enriched, containing clay and mildly acidic to mildly alkaline. Trees are pruned to retain one main trunk sometimes are allowed multiple trunks which are well-spaced to develop. [2]

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Corymbia ficifolia</i> Species of plant

Corymbia ficifolia, commonly known as red flowering gum, is a species of small tree that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has rough, fibrous bark on the trunk and branches, egg-shaped to broadly lance-shape adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, bright red, pink or orange flowers and urn-shaped fruit. It has a restricted distribution in the wild but is one of the most commonly planted ornamental eucalypts.

<i>Corymbia abergiana</i> Species of plant

Corymbia abergiana, commonly known as range bloodwood or Rockingham Bay bloodwood, is a species of tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has rough bark on the trunk and larger branches, smooth bark on the smaller branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and barrel-shaped fruit with a very thick rim.

<i>Corymbia polycarpa</i> Species of plant

Corymbia polycarpa, also known as long-fruited bloodwood or small-flowered bloodwood, is a species of tree that is endemic to northern Australia. Indigenous Australians of different language groups have different names for the tree. The Nungali peoples know the tree as narrga or gunjid, the Mulluk-Mulluk know it as dawart, the Yangman know it as bodog, the Gurindji peoples as jadburru and the Wagiman as jagatjjin. It is a medium-sized tree with rough, tessellated bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white or cream-coloured flowers and barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Corymbia dallachiana</i> Species of plant

Corymbia dallachiana commonly known as Dallachy's ghost gum or Dallachy's gum, is a species of tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds usually in groups of three, white flowers and cup-shaped, cylindrical or barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Corymbia terminalis</i> Species of plant

Corymbia terminalis, also known as tjuta, joolta, bloodwood, desert bloodwood, plains bloodwood, northern bloodwood, western bloodwood or inland bloodwood, is a species of small to medium-sized tree, rarely a mallee that is endemic to Australia. It has rough, tessellated bark on some or all of the trunk, sometimes also on the larger branches, smooth white to cream-coloured bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Corymbia trachyphloia</i> Species of plant

Corymbia trachyphloia, commonly known as brown bloodwood, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough, tessellated bark on the trunk, often also on the larger branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Corymbia dichromophloia</i> Species of plant

Corymbia dichromophloia, commonly known as small-fruited bloodwood, variably-barked bloodwood or gum-topped bloodwood, is a species of tree that is endemic to northern Australia. It has smooth white bark sometimes with flaky bark on the trunk, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds usually in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Corymbia foelscheana</i> Species of plant

Corymbia foelscheana, commonly known as broad-leaved bloodwood, fan-leaved bloodwood or smooth-barked bloodwood, is a species of small tree that is endemic to northern Australia. It has thin, rough, tessellated bark on some or all of the trunk, smooth bark above, broadly egg-shaped to broadly lance- shaped adult leaves, flower buds usually in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Corymbia bloxsomei</i> Species of plant

Corymbia bloxsomei, commonly known as yellowjack, yellow jacket or yellow bloodwood, is a species of tree that is endemic to inland, south-eastern Queensland. It has thick, rough scaly bark on the trunk and larger branches, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, nine or eleven, creamy white to pale yellow flowers and barrel-shaped, urn-shaped or spherical fruit.

<i>Corymbia brachycarpa</i> Species of plant

Corymbia brachycarpa is a species of tree that is endemic to central Queensland. It has rough, tessellated bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and urn-shaped to barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Corymbia bunites</i> Species of plant

Corymbia bunites, commonly known as Blackdown yellowjacket, is a species of tall tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has rough bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and barrel-shaped, urn-shaped or spherical fruit.

Corymbia clandestina, commonly known as Drummond Range bloodwood, is a species of small tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has rough, tessellated bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and urn-shaped to barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Corymbia jacobsiana</i> Species of plant

Corymbia jacobsiana, commonly known as Jacob's bloodwood or stringybark bloodwood, is a species of tree that is endemic to the Northern Territory. It has rough, stringy bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped to elliptical or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, creamy white flowers and urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Corymbia nesophila</i> Species of plant

Corymbia nesophila, commonly known as Melville Island bloodwood, is a species of tree that is endemic to northern Australia. It has rough, tessellated bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and urn-shaped fruit.

Corymbia petalophylla is a species of tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has rough, tessellated bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and barrel-shaped, urn-shaped or shortened spherical fruit.

Corymbia polysciada, commonly known as apple gum, paper-fruited bloodwood or bolomin, is a species of tree that is endemic to the Top End of the Northern Territory. It has rough, tessellated bark on some or all or the trunk, smooth bark above, egg-shaped to broadly lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped, cylindrical or barrel-shaped from on long pedicels.

Corymbia rhodops, commonly known as red-throated bloodwood, is a species of tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has rough, tessellated bark on the trunk and larger branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers with a red centre, and urn-shaped to barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Corymbia setosa</i> Species of plant

Corymbia setosa, commonly known as rough leaved bloodwood or desert bloodwood, is a species of small tree that is endemic to north-eastern Australia. It has rough, tessellated brown bark on the trunk and branches, a crown of juvenile, heart-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flower buds in groups of three or seven, white flowers and urn-shaped to shortened spherical fruit.

Corymbia stockeri, commonly known as blotchy bloodwood, is a species of small tree that is endemic to Cape York Peninsula in Queensland. It has rough, tessellated bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped fruit.

Corymbia xanthope, commonly known as Glen Geddes bloodwood, is a species of tree that is endemic to a small area of Queensland. It has thick, rough bark on the trunk and branches with yellow bark visible underneath, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and urn-shaped fruit.

References

  1. 1 2 "Corymbia erythrophloia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 "Corymbia erythrophloia Variable Bark Bloodwood, Red Bloodwood". Plant this. 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
  3. 1 2 "Corymbia erythrophloia". James Cook University . Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  4. ↑ "Species profile — Corymbia erythrophloia (Myrtaceae)". Queensland Government . Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Corymbia erythrophloia (Blakely) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson, Telopea 6: 304 (1995)". Eucalink. Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  6. 1 2 "Corymbia erythrophloia". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
  7. 1 2 Chippendale, George M/. "Eucalyptus erythrophloia". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Canberra. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  8. ↑ "Eucalyptus erythrophloia". APNI. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  9. ↑ "Bancroft, Thomas Lane (1860-1933 )". Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria Australian National Herbarium. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  10. ↑ Hill, Ken D.; Johnson, L.A.S. (1995). "Systematic studies in the Eucalypts 7. A revision of the bloodwoods, genus Corymbia (Myrtaceae)". Telopea. 6: 304–306.
  11. ↑ "Corymbia erythrophloia". APNI. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  12. ↑ "Corymbia erythrophloia (Blakely) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson". Atlas of Living Australia. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  13. ↑ Eric Anderson (2016). Plants of Central Queensland: Identification and Uses of Native and Introduced Species. CSIRO Publishing. ISBN   9781486302260.
  14. ↑ "Corymbia erythrophloia". Queensland Government. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
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