| Daucus edulis | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Apiales |
| Family: | Apiaceae |
| Genus: | Daucus |
| Species: | D. edulis |
| Binomial name | |
| Daucus edulis (Lowe) | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
| |
Daucus edulis (Portuguese: Cenoura-da-rocha) is a critically endangered species of flowering plant in the celery family Apiaceae. It is endemic to Madeira. [2]
Daucus edulis is a long-lived perennial plant, up to 1 metre (3.3 ft) in height. It has a hard woody unbranched stem with annual flowers and light yellowish-green, markedly shiny radial leaves, broadly triangular at the edges with pubescent petioles. It has scattered, paniculate inflorescences. Its fruits are 10–14 by 5–7 millimetres (0.39 in–0.55 in × 0.20 in–0.28 in), oblong to ellipsoid, pubescent and pale when ripe. [3]
The species was previously known as Monizia edulis. [2]
The species is endemic to Madeira Island and Deserta Grande Island and was once native to the Savage Islands. [2] In 2008 its population was estimated to be around 50 individuals in a 226 square kilometres (87 sq mi) area. [4] It extends from the Central Mountain Massif of Madeira and occupies rocky cliffs and terraces with soil accumulations up to 300 metres (980 ft) a.s.l. in Deserta Grande [5] and up to 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) in Madeira. [1] [3]
It is mainly threatened by the introduction of exotic species, human collection, fires, droughts, storms, and landslides. [6] [1]
The Savage Islands or Selvagens Islands are a small Portuguese archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean, 280 kilometres (175 mi) south of Madeira, and 165 kilometres (105 mi) north of the Canary Islands. The archipelago includes two major islands, Selvagem Grande and Selvagem Pequena, each surrounded by a cluster of islets and reefs, with the total area of 2.73 km2 (1.05 sq mi). The archipelago is administered as part of the Portuguese municipality of Funchal, belongs to the Madeiran civil parish of Sé, and is the southernmost point of Portugal.
Daucus is a worldwide genus of herbaceous plants of the celery family Apiaceae of which the best-known species is the cultivated carrot. Daucus has about 75 species. The oldest carrot fossil is 1.3 Ma, and was found on the island of Madeira in the Atlantic Ocean.
Ilhéu Chão is a small islet within the Desertas Islands, a small chain of islands which are in turn within the Madeira archipelago. Chão is located to the southeast of Madeira Island.
Brahea edulis, the Guadalupe palm or palma de Guadalupe, is a palm endemic to Guadalupe Island, Mexico, although a few stands have been planted elsewhere. It is a fan palm which grows 4.50 to 13 metres tall. It grows on the island between 400 and 1,000 metres above mean sea level (ASL), with this altitudinal zonation producing one of the few fog oases present in North America.
Caseolus abjectus is a species of land snail in the family Geomitridae, the hairy snails and their allies. It is endemic to Madeira, where it occurs on three islands in the archipelago.
Rhamnus glandulosa is a species of plant in the family Rhamnaceae. It is endemic to Madeira and the Canary Islands.
Sideroxylon mirmulano, commonly known as marmulano, is a species of flowering plants in the family Sapotaceae. It is endemic to the Madeira Islands (Portugal). It is threatened by habitat loss.
Aeonium glutinosum is a species of flowering plant in the family Crassulaceae endemic to Madeira, Portugal. It has fairly thick leaves and its appearance varies depending on its growing conditions. One characteristic is the very sticky stem of the inflorescence. The main flower is shown but small stalks with flowers continue to appear for several months.
Geomitra grabhami is a species of air-breathing land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Geomitridae.
Madeira blueberry or Uva-de-serra is very common at elevations between 800 and 1,700 metres. It grows mainly in crevices and exposed slopes and mountain plains. Fruits are used in preserves. It is endemic to the islands of Madeira and Porto Santo, Portugal.
Musschia is a genus of plants in the family Campanulaceae. It contains three known species, all endemic to the Madeira Archipelago in the eastern North Atlantic, part of the Republic of Portugal. The genus is named in honour of Jean-Henri Mussche (1765-1834), the head gardener of the botanical garden in Ghent.
The Madeira evergreen forests is a laurissilva ecoregion of southwestern Europe. It covers the archipelago of Madeira and some nearby islands in the Atlantic Ocean. Laurel forest, known as Laurisilva of Madeira, once covered the islands. Over centuries the laurel forests were mostly cleared. Madeira's remaining forests are now protected.
Praia Islet is a highly vegetated uninhabited islet located approximately 1.5 kilometres away from the town of Praia off the eastern coast of the island of Graciosa in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. Along with Baixo Islet to its south, Praia Islet is one of two main breeding places of Monteiro's storm petrel, an endemic marine bird of the Azores.
Aeonium glandulosum is a species of subshrub of the family Crassulaceae endemic to the Madeira archipelago.
Aichryson divaricatum is a species of succulent plant of the family Crassulaceae endemic to Madeira.
Aichryson dumosum is a critically endangered species of succulent plant of the family Crassulaceae endemic to Madeira.
Musschia aurea, is a species of flowering plant in the Campanulaceae family. It is endemic to the Madeira Islands, including Madeira and the Desertas. It grows on sea cliffs and rocky offshore islets.
Craspedaria coronula is a species of air-breathing land snail in the genus Geomitridae.
Atlantica calathoides is a species of land snail belonging to the family Gastrodontidae.
