 | This article lacks an overview of its topic.(August 2017) |
Development corporations or development firms are organizations established by governments in several countries for the purpose of urban development. They often are responsible for the development of new suburban areas or the redevelopment of existing ones.
In Australia development corporations are often responsible for the economic promotion and growth of areas considered to be under-performing economically. Such corporations include:
In the United Kingdom, New Town Development Corporations are organisations established under the New Towns Act 1946 by the UK government, charged with the urban development of an area, outside the usual system of Town and Country Planning in the United Kingdom. Originally intended to manage the development of New Towns in the United Kingdom, they were also established for more substantial urban renewal programmes by the Town Development Act 1952.
| Name | Area | Timeframe | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Birmingham Heartlands | 1992–1998 | ||
| Black Country | parts of Sandwell and Walsall, in West Midlands | 1987–1998 | |
| Bristol | parts of eastern Bristol | 1989–1995 | |
| Cardiff Bay | Cardiff docklands area, in City of Cardiff and Vale of Glamorgan | 1987–2000 | |
| Central Manchester | 180 ha of Manchester, near Trafford/Salford border | 1988–1996 | |
| Leeds | 540 ha of Leeds, along River Aire/Leeds and Liverpool Canal, and south of city centre | 1988–1995 | |
| London Docklands | London Docklands | 1981–1998 | |
| London Thames Gateway | Lower Lea Valley (parts of Hackney, Tower Hamlets, Newham and Waltham Forest) London Riverside (southern part of Barking & Dagenham, Havering and Newham) | 2004–2013 | |
| Merseyside | Merseyside | 1981–1998 | |
| Plymouth | 67 ha of Plymouth docklands | 1993–1998 | |
| Sheffield | Lower Don Valley | 1988–1997 | |
| Teesside | large tracts of land on River Tees, some in Hartlepool | 1987–1998 | |
| Thurrock Thames Gateway | Thurrock | 2003–2012 | |
| Trafford Park | large area in Trafford and Salford along the Manchester Ship Canal | 1987–1998 | |
| Tyne and Wear | banks of the River Tyne and River Wear | 1987–1998 | |
| West Northamptonshire | Northamptonshire (parts of Northampton, Daventry and Towcester) | 2006–2014 |
| Name | Area | Timeframe | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aycliffe and Peterlee | Newton Aycliffe and Peterlee | to April 1, 1988 | |
| Basildon | Basildon | ||
| Bracknell | Bracknell | ||
| Central Lancashire | Central Lancashire | ||
| Corby | Corby | ||
| Crawley | Crawley | ||
| Cumbernauld | Cumbernauld | to March 31, 1996 | |
| Cwmbran | Cwmbran | to April 1, 1988 | |
| Ebbsfleet | Ebbsfleet Valley | 2015 - | |
| East Kilbride | East Kilbride | ||
| Glenrothes | Glenrothes | ||
| Harlow | Harlow | ||
| Hemel Hempstead | Hemel Hempstead | ||
| Livingston | Livingston | ||
| Milton Keynes | Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire | to April 1, 1992 | |
| Peterborough | Peterborough | to October 1, 1988 | |
| Redditch | Redditch | 1964–1985 | |
| Runcorn | Runcorn | merged to form Warrington and Runcorn | |
| Skelmersdale | Skelmersdale | 1964-1984 [2] | |
| Stevenage | Stevenage | 11 Nov 1946 to 1980 [3] | |
| Telford | Telford, Shropshire | to October 1, 1991 | |
| Warrington | Warrington | merged to form Warrington and Runcorn | |
| Warrington and Runcorn | Warrington and Runcorn | to October 1, 1989 | |
| Washington | Washington | to April 1, 1988 |
The Localism Act 2011 permitted the Mayor of London to create mayoral development corporations in Greater London. The Cities and Local Government Devolution Act 2016 later permitted the creation of mayoral development corporations in combined authority areas.
| Name | Authority | Area | Timeframe | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| London Legacy Development Corporation | Mayor of London | London Olympic Park | 2012 - | |
| Old Oak and Park Royal Development Corporation | Mayor of London | Old Oak Common | 2015 - | |
| South Tees Development Corporation | Tees Valley Combined Authority | Tees Valley | 2017 - | |
| Stockport Town Centre West Development Corporation | Greater Manchester Combined Authority | Stockport | 2019 - | |
| Middlesbrough Development Corporation | Tees Valley Combined Authority | Middlesbrough | 2023 - | |
| Hartlepool Development Corporation | Tees Valley Combined Authority | Hartlepool | 2023- |
In urban planning, zoning is a method in which a municipality or other tier of government divides land into "zones", each of which has a set of regulations for new development that differs from other zones. Zones may be defined for a single use, they may combine several compatible activities by use, or in the case of form-based zoning, the differing regulations may govern the density, size and shape of allowed buildings whatever their use. The planning rules for each zone determine whether planning permission for a given development may be granted. Zoning may specify a variety of outright and conditional uses of land. It may indicate the size and dimensions of lots that land may be subdivided into, or the form and scale of buildings. These guidelines are set in order to guide urban growth and development.
The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is one of the executive departments of the U.S. federal government. It administers federal housing and urban development laws. It is headed by the secretary of housing and urban development, who reports directly to the president of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet.
Urban renewal is a program of land redevelopment often used to address urban decay in cities. Urban renewal involves the clearing out of blighted areas in inner cities to clear out slums and create opportunities for higher class housing, businesses, and other developments. In the United States the term technically refers only to a federal program in the middle-to-late 20th Century, but colloquially is sometimes used to refer to any large-scale change in urban development.
Local government is the third-level of government in Australia, administered with limited autonomy under the states and territories, and in turn beneath the federal government. Local government is not mentioned in the Constitution of Australia, and two referendums in 1974 and 1988 to alter the Constitution relating to local government were unsuccessful. Every state/territory government recognises local government in its own respective constitution. Unlike the two-tier local government system in Canada or the United States, there is only one tier of local government in each Australian state/territory, with no distinction between counties and cities.
Canada Lands Company Limited is a self-financing federal Crown corporation reporting to the Parliament of Canada through Public Services and Procurement Canada. The company is responsible for managing property on behalf of the federal government, conducting public consultation and integrating properties back into their surrounding communities for development. Most of its assets are located in Canadian urban centres, and are sold after the CLC revalued the property by providing managerial support and subsidizing immediate costs such as decontamination. However, the company retains ownership of some of Canada's most valued properties, such as Downsview Park, the CN Tower, the Old Port of Montreal and the Montreal Science Centre, from which it draws rental and hospitality revenues.
Honeysuckle Development Corporation (HDC) was a corporation owned by the Government of New South Wales with responsibility for a major urban renewal project on the harbourside of Newcastle, the state's second-largest city.
A municipal council is the legislative body of a municipality or local government area. Depending on the location and classification of the municipality it may be known as a city council, town council, town board, community council, rural council, village council, or board of aldermen.
Wickham railway station is a former railway station which was located in the Newcastle suburb of Wickham, New South Wales. Situated on the Newcastle railway line, it was serviced by Central Coast & Newcastle Line and Hunter Line services until its closure. Wickham, along with Civic station, succeeded Honeysuckle station, which was closed in 1872, following its own replacement by Newcastle station. Following urban growth in the Newcastle region, both Wickham and Civic were opened to meet the growing demand for public transport in the region. The station's signal box, located at the station's western end at Stewart Avenue, was replaced in the 1960s with a building recognised as Australia's first television-equipped level crossing.
Ørestad is a developing city area in Copenhagen, Denmark, on the island of Amager.
The Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (DLUHC), formerly the Ministry for Housing, Communities, and Local Government (MHCLG), is a department of His Majesty's Government responsible for housing, communities, and local government in England and the levelling up policy. It was established in May 2006 and is the successor to the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, established in 2001. The department shares its headquarters building, at 2 Marsham Street in London, with the Home Office. It was renamed to add Housing to its title, changed to a ministry in January 2018, and later reverted to a government department in the 2021 reshuffle.
The New Towns Acts were a series of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom to found new settlements or to expand substantially existing ones, to establish Development Corporations to deliver them, and to create a Commission to wind up the Corporations and take over their assets and liabilities. Of these, the more substantive acts were the New Towns Act 1946 and the Town Development Act 1952. "The New Towns Act [1946] was intended to pre-emptively direct urban growth and infrastructural development into new towns, thereby decentralising population and economic opportunity while inhibiting urban sprawl."
A municipal corporation is a type of local government in India which administers urban areas with a population of more than one million. The growing population and urbanization of various Indian cities highlighted the need for a type of local governing body that could provide services such as healthcare, education, housing and transport by collecting property taxes and administering grants from the state government.
An urban planner is a professional who practices in the field of town planning, urban planning or city planning.
The Finger Plan is an urban plan from 1947 which provides a strategy for the development of the Copenhagen metropolitan area, Denmark. According to the plan, Copenhagen is to develop along five 'fingers', centred on S-train commuter rail lines, which extend from the 'palm', that is the dense urban fabric of central Copenhagen. In between the fingers, green "wedges" are intended to provide land for agriculture and recreational purposes.
Honeysuckle is a near completed 50 hectare residential and commercial urban renewal redevelopment of former industrial land along Newcastle Harbour in New South Wales, Australia.
Henry Dangar (1796–1861) was a surveyor and explorer of Australia in the early period of British colonisation. He became a successful pastoralist and businessman, and also served as a magistrate and politician. From 1845 to 1851 Dangar was a Member of the New South Wales Legislative Council.
The Ørestad Development Corporation was a company responsible for urban redevelopment of Ørestad south of Copenhagen, Denmark. The company was authorized by the Ørestad Act passed in 1992, and was established in 1993, co-owned by the Copenhagen Municipality (55%) and the Ministry of Finance (45%). It was also responsible for building parts of the Copenhagen Metro. The company was dissolved in 2007. Its Metro-related activities were taken over by the Metro Corporation, a newly formed company that consolidated ownership and operation of the Copenhagen Metro. Its redevelopment-related activities were merged into the Area Development Corporation.
The Thrissur Municipal Corporation is the civic body that governs the Thrissur city in Kerala, India. It is the third largest city Corporation in the state of Kerala by area and fourth largest in population. Established as a Municipality since 1921 under the Cochin Municipal Regulations, it is responsible for civic infrastructure and administration; the distribution of electricity and water for Thrissur city. The Corporation manages 101.42 km of Thrissur city limits of through 55 wards through five zones Ayyanthole, Vilvattom, Ollukkara, Ollur and Koorkanchery. Thrissur Municipal Corporation has been formed with functions to improve the infrastructure of town.
Greater Newcastle Act 1937 was a New South Wales statute with the purpose of amalgamating a series of local government areas to create the City of Greater Newcastle. The Act also transferred parts of Lake Macquarie Shire and Tarro Shire to the new city. The amalgamations and transfers took effect from 2 April 1938.
Slum clearance in the United States has been used as an urban renewal strategy to regenerate derelict or run-down districts, often to be replaced with alternative developments or new housing. Early calls were made during the 19th century, although mass slum clearance did not occur until after World War II with the introduction of the Housing Act of 1949 which offered federal subsidies towards redevelopments. The scheme ended in 1974 having driven over 2,000 projects with costs in excess of $50 billion.