Borough of Sandwell | |
---|---|
Motto(s): Unity and Progress | |
Coordinates: 52°30′19″N2°1′2″W / 52.50528°N 2.01722°W | |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Constituent country | England |
Region | West Midlands |
Metropolitan county | West Midlands |
Historic County | Staffordshire and Worcestershire |
Status | Metropolitan borough |
Incorporated | 1 April 1974 |
Admin HQ | Oldbury |
Government | |
• Type | Metropolitan district council |
• Body | Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council |
• Leadership | Leader & Cabinet (Labour) |
• Mayor | Cllr Bill Gavan (2023 - Present) |
• MPs | John Spellar (L) Shaun Bailey (C) Nicola Richards (C) James Morris (C) |
Area | |
• Total | 33 sq mi (86 km2) |
Population (2021) | |
• Total | 341,729 (Ranked 29th) |
• Density | 9,720/sq mi (3,752/km2) |
Ethnicity (2021) | |
• Ethnic groups | |
Religion (2021) | |
• Religion | List
|
Time zone | UTC0 (GMT) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (BST) |
Postcode | |
Area code(s) | 0121, 01384 |
ISO 3166 code | GB-SAW |
ONS code | 00CS (ONS) E08000028 (GSS) |
OS grid reference | SO9954890217 |
NUTS 3 | UKG37 |
Website | www |
Sandwell is a metropolitan borough of the West Midlands county in England. The borough is named after the Sandwell Priory, and spans a densely populated part of the West Midlands conurbation. Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council defines the borough as the six amalgamated towns of Oldbury, Rowley Regis, Smethwick, Tipton, Wednesbury and West Bromwich. Rowley Regis includes the towns of Blackheath and Cradley Heath. [2]
Sandwell's Strategic Town Centre is designated as West Bromwich, the largest town in the borough, while Sandwell Council House (the headquarters of the local authority) is situated in Oldbury. In 2019 Sandwell was ranked 12th most deprived of England's 317 boroughs. [3]
Bordering Sandwell is the City of Birmingham to the east, the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley to the south and west, the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall to the north, and the City of Wolverhampton to the north-west. Spanning the borough are the parliamentary constituencies of West Bromwich West, West Bromwich East, Warley, and part of Halesowen and Rowley Regis, which crosses into the Dudley borough.
At the 2011 census, the borough had a population of 309,000 and an area of 86 square kilometres (33 sq mi). [4]
The Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell was formed on 1 April 1974 as an amalgamation of the county boroughs of Warley (ceremonially within Worcestershire) and West Bromwich (ceremonially within Staffordshire), under the Local Government Act 1972. Warley had been formed in 1966 by a merger of the county borough of Smethwick with the municipal boroughs of Rowley Regis and Oldbury; [5] at the same time, West Bromwich had absorbed the boroughs of Tipton and Wednesbury. [6]
For its first 12 years of existence, Sandwell had a two-tier system of local government; Sandwell Council shared power with the West Midlands County Council. In 1986 the county council was abolished, and Sandwell effectively became a unitary authority. The borough is divided into 24 Wards and is represented by 72 ward councillors on the borough council.
The borough was named after Sandwell Priory, the ruins of which are located in Sandwell Valley. Gaining widespread acceptance for the identity of Sandwell and unifying the distinct communities within the borough has been a protracted affair. [7] The local council has considered changing its name over confusion outside the West Midlands as to the whereabouts of the borough. A survey of borough residents in June 2002 found that 65 per cent of respondents favoured retaining the name. [8]
Landmarks and attractions in Sandwell include Wednesbury Museum and Art Gallery, Bishop Asbury Cottage, West Bromwich Manor House, Oak House, West Bromwich, and Sandwell Valley Country Park. It is also the home of West Bromwich Albion F.C.
Sandwell used to be a popular hotspot for car cruising. In 2015 a High Court order was introduced to ban car cruising in the area. An extension has been secured to run until at least 2021. [9]
Since the council election in 2021, the political composition of the council has been as follows: [10]
Party | Councillors | |
Labour Party | 60 | |
Conservative Party | 10 | |
Independents | 2 |
From the borough's creation in 1974 until 2010, all Members of Parliament (MPs) within its boundaries were Labour. However, in the 2010 general election, Conservative party candidate James Morris was elected to the Halesowen and Rowley Regis seat which incorporates the Sandwell communities of Rowley Regis, Blackheath and Cradley Heath, and the neighbouring area of Halesowen which is situated within Dudley's borders. This was the very first time any part of Sandwell had elected a Conservative MP – or indeed an MP from any party other than Labour. [11] In the December 2019 general election, however, Conservative candidates Nicola Richards and Shaun Bailey were elected to represent West Bromwich East and West Bromwich West respectively. This was the first time since the borough's creation that West Bromwich has returned any Conservative MPs to Parliament, and the first time that a constituency fully within the boundaries of Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council has been represented by a Tory MP. The election of both Richards and Bailey has been marked as a significant milestone in the political history of the borough and marked the end to decades of control by Labour MPs.[ citation needed ]
The Sandwell Borough is divided into 24 electoral wards, with each one represented by 3 councillors on the borough council: [10]
Ward name | Area | Population (2011 census) | Population density (people per hectare) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Abbey | 211 hectares (0.81 sq mi) | 11,752 | 55.6 | [12] |
Blackheath | 260 hectares (1.0 sq mi) | 12,292 | 47.3 | [13] |
Bristnall | 231 hectares (0.89 sq mi) | 12,151 | 52.5 | [14] |
Charlemont with Grove Vale | 522 hectares (2.02 sq mi) | 11,964 | 22.9 | [15] |
Cradley Heath and Old Hill | 403 hectares (1.56 sq mi) | 13,365 | 33.6 | [16] |
Friar Park | 299 hectares (1.15 sq mi) | 12,625 | 42.3 | [17] |
Great Barr with Yew Tree | 346 hectares (1.34 sq mi) | 12,597 | 36.4 | [18] |
Great Bridge | 325 hectares (1.25 sq mi) | 12,962 | 39.9 | [19] |
Greets Green and Lyng | 412 hectares (1.59 sq mi) | 11,769 | 28.6 | [20] |
Hateley Heath | 309 hectares (1.19 sq mi) | 14,227 | 46.1 | [21] |
Langley | 290 hectares (1.1 sq mi) | 12,969 | 44.8 | [22] |
Newton | 276 hectares (1.07 sq mi) | 11,558 | 41.8 | [23] |
Oldbury | 621 hectares (2.40 sq mi) | 13,606 | 21.9 | [24] |
Old Warley | 267 hectares (1.03 sq mi) | 11,915 | 44.6 | [25] |
Princes End | 278 hectares (1.07 sq mi) | 12,981 | 46.7 | [26] |
Rowley | 407 hectares (1.57 sq mi) | 11,784 | 29.0 | [27] |
Smethwick | 222 hectares (0.86 sq mi) | 14,146 | 63.6 | [28] |
Soho and Victoria | 321 hectares (1.24 sq mi) | 15,042 | 46.9 | [29] |
St. Pauls | 437 hectares (1.69 sq mi) | 14,226 | 32.6 | [30] |
Tipton Green | 341 hectares (1.32 sq mi) | 12,834 | 37.6 | [31] |
Tividale | 291 hectares (1.12 sq mi) | 12,616 | 43.4 | [32] |
Wednesbury North | 352 hectares (1.36 sq mi) | 12,682 | 36.0 | [33] |
Wednesbury South | 485 hectares (1.87 sq mi) | 12,510 | 25.8 | [34] |
West Bromwich Central | 652 hectares (2.52 sq mi) | 13,290 | 20.4 | [35] |
Sandwell is home to nearly 100 primary schools, 25 secondary schools, 4 special schools and 1 college.
The sole further education college in the borough, Sandwell College was opened in September 1986 following the merger of Warley College and West Bromwich College. [36] It was originally based in the old Warley College buildings on Pound Road, Oldbury, and the West Bromwich College buildings on West Bromwich High Street, as well as a building in Smethwick town centre, but moved into a new single site campus in West Bromwich town centre in September 2012. [36] In 2004, a debt-ridden Sandwell College was subject to a police investigation. [37]
The six towns that comprise Sandwell and localities within each include:
Sandwell is twinned with: [39]
West Midlands is a metropolitan and ceremonial county in the larger West Midlands region of England. A landlocked county, it is bordered by Staffordshire to the north and west, Worcestershire to the south, and is surrounded by Warwickshire to the east. The largest settlement is the city of Birmingham.
Oldbury is a market town in the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell, West Midlands, England. It is the administrative centre of the borough. At the 2011 census, the town had a population of 13,606, while the 2017 population of the wider built-up area was estimated at 25,488. Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council, which defines Oldbury Town as consisting of the wards of Bristnall, Langley, Oldbury, and Old Warley, gave the population as 50,641 in 2011.
Rowley Regis is a town and former municipal borough in Sandwell in the county of the West Midlands, England. It forms part of the area immediately west of Birmingham known as the Black Country and encompasses the three Sandwell council wards of Blackheath, Cradley Heath and Old Hill, and Rowley. At the 2011 census, the combined population of these wards was 50,257.
Blackheath is a town in the Sandwell Metropolitan Borough, in the county of West Midlands, England.
Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council was created in 1974 to administer the newly formed Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell, in the West Midlands county of England.
Warley was a short-lived county borough and civil parish in the geographical county of Worcestershire, England, forming part of the West Midlands conurbation. It was formed in 1966 by the combination of the existing county borough of Smethwick with the municipal boroughs of Oldbury and Rowley Regis, by recommendation of the Local Government Commission for England. It was abolished just 8 years later in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, with its area passing to the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell.
Brandhall is a suburb of Oldbury in the south of the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell, West Midlands, bordering Birmingham and Halesowen. The development of the area commenced during the 1930s with the construction of several hundred private houses along the Hagley Road and Wolverhampton Road, as well as several side roads leading off the main dual carriageways. Oldbury Corporation founded a municipal farm in 1943. In 1949, the farm included a piggery, and fields growing wheat, potatoes, barley, hay, clover and oats. Oldbury Council placed a public notice for the demolition and removal of the farm buildings in February 1952. Most of Brandhall was developed in the 1950s and 1960s, when several thousand council houses, flats and bungalows were built by Oldbury Council on farmland to the south of Brand Hall. The Hall, which had become the clubhouse for Brandhall Golf Course, was demolished. Some of the first families moving on to the estate were relocating from Smethwick. Most of the high and medium-rise flats in Brandhall were demolished in the early 2000s and in their place housing associations built new low-rise homes.
Cradley Heath is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell, West Midlands, England. It is in the Black Country, 8 miles (13 km) west of Birmingham. The town was known for the manufacture of chains in the first half of the twentieth century.
A civil parish is a subnational entity, forming the lowest unit of local government in England. There are 21 civil parishes in the ceremonial county of West Midlands, most of the county being unparished; Dudley, Sandwell, Walsall and Wolverhampton are completely unparished. At the 2001 census, there were 89,621 people living in the parishes, accounting for 3.5 per cent of the county's population.
Halesowen and Rowley Regis is a constituency in the West Midlands represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2010 by James Morris, a Conservative.
Warley is a constituency in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. The constituency was established in 1997, and has been represented since that date by John Spellar, a member of the Labour Party.
West Bromwich East is a constituency that is represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament by Nicola Richards of the Conservative Party, who was first elected at the 2019 United Kingdom general election.
Warley is a residential area of Oldbury in the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell in the West Midlands of the United Kingdom. Historically in both Worcestershire and Shropshire, the name has been used for both a civil parish (1884–1908) and a county borough (1966–1974). Warley has been the name of a UK Parliament constituency since 1997.
Warley West was a parliamentary constituency in the borough of Sandwell in the West Midlands of England. It was initially centred on the towns of Rowley Regis and Cradley Heath, and from 1983 also incorporated parts of Oldbury.
The B postcode area, also known as the Birmingham postcode area, is a group of 79 postcode districts in central England, within 15 post towns. These cover the central portion of the West Midlands, plus northeast Worcestershire, north and west Warwickshire, and part of southeast Staffordshire and a very small part of Leicestershire. It is the most populated postcode area in the United Kingdom, with a population of over 1.9 million.
West Bromwich was a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1885 until 1974. It centred on West Bromwich, in the West Midlands. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post voting system.
Sandwell Community History and Archives Service (CHAS) is the archive service for the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell in the West Midlands of England. The service is based within Smethwick Library. It collects and preserves original archives and published material relating to the history of Sandwell. It is a local authority archive service, run and funded by Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council.