Diploglottis obovata

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Blunt-leaved tamarind
Diploglottis-obovata-4-S&A Pearson.jpg
Ripe fruit
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Sapindaceae
Genus: Diploglottis
Species:
D. obovata
Binomial name
Diploglottis obovata

Diploglottis obovata, commonly known as blunt-leaved tamarind, is a plant in the family Sapindaceae endemic to central eastern Queensland, Australia. Until 1987 it was considered to be a form of the very closely related Diploglottis diphyllostegia .

Contents

Description

The blunt-leaved tamarind is a small to medium-sized, spreading, evergreen tree growing up to 25 m (82 ft) high. [4] [5] It is very similar to Diploglottis diphyllostegia with branchlets, leaves and subdivisions covered in a dense light brown indumentum. [4] [5] The compound leaves have 2 or 3 pairs of leaflets either side of the midrib and no terminal leaflet, measuring overall about 20 cm (7.9 in) long. [4] The leaflets are obovate to elliptic and measure up to 16 cm (6.3 in) long by 7 cm (2.8 in) wide. [4] [5]

The inflorescence is a panicle up to 19 cm (7.5 in) long and 10 cm (3.9 in) wide, with both staminate (functionally male) and pistillate (functionally female) flowers in the same inflorescence. Individual flowers have 5 petals with one petal usually reduced, measure about 5 mm (0.20 in) wide, and are held on a pedicel up to 3 mm (0.12 in) long. [4] [5] [6]

The fruit is very similar to that of D. diphyllostegia, a 2- or 3-lobed capsule measuring up to 1.6 cm (0.63 in) long by 3 cm (1.2 in) wide with one seed per lobe, which is enveloped in an orange or red aril. [4] [5] [6]

Taxonomy

The species was first described by the Australian botanist Sally T. Reynolds in 1987, and published in the journal Austrobaileya. [4] Prior to that it had been treated as a form of Diploglottis diphyllostegia .

Etymology

The genus name Diploglottis comes from the Neo-Latin words diplo- meaning double, combined with glottis meaning tongue, and refers to the two tongue-like scales on the petals. [7] The species epithet obovata refers to the obovate shape of the leaflets. [7]

Distribution and habitat

The blunt-leaved tamarind is endemic to coastal and sub-coastal areas of central Queensland, from the area around Proserpine to near Bee Creek, southwest of Sarina. [8] It grows in rainforest, most commonly on creek banks in notophyll vine forest. [4] [5] [6]

Conservation

This species is listed by the Queensland Department of Environment and Science as least concern. [1] As of 16 October 2023, it has not been assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Related Research Articles

<i>Diploglottis</i> Genus of flowering plants

Diploglottis is a genus of 10 species of trees known to science, constituting part of the plant family Sapindaceae. They grow naturally in rainforests and margins of adjoining humid forests in eastern Australia and New Guinea. Some species are known as native tamarind or small-leaved tamarind; they have no direct relationship with the true tamarind.

<i>Toechima</i> Genus of trees

Toechima is a genus of small to medium-sized trees in the plant family Sapindaceae. The species are native to New South Wales, the Northern Territory and Queensland in Australia as well as New Guinea.

<i>Lepiderema</i> Genus of trees

Lepiderema is a genus of nine species of trees from the family Sapindaceae. As of November 2013 botanists know of seven species growing naturally in Australia and two species in New Guinea. Published botanical science provides a limited knowledge of the full range of diversity in Australia and especially in New Guinea. In New Guinea the two known species have descriptions based each on only a single type specimen collection. Therefore, collection of more specimens and more species is most likely in New Guinea. In Australia they grow in rainforests of the northern half of the east coast side of the Great Dividing Range, from northeastern New South Wales through to northeastern Queensland.

<i>Diploglottis campbellii</i> Species of tree

Diploglottis campbellii is a rainforest tree northern New South Wales and southeastern Queensland. Growing to 30 metres tall, it is commonly known as the small-leaved tamarind. It is rare and threatened and is restricted to a small number of sites, each with a maximum of 3 trees per site. However, it is readily available from nurseries in the Northern Rivers area of New South Wales, and in south-eastern Queensland.

<i>Diploglottis australis</i> Species of tree

Diploglottis australis, known as the native tamarind, is a well known rainforest tree of eastern Australia. It is easily identified by the large sausage shaped leaflets.

<i>Cupaniopsis anacardioides</i> Species of tree

Cupaniopsis anacardioides, with common names tuckeroo, carrotwood, beach tamarind and green-leaved tamarind, is a species of flowering tree in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, that is native to eastern and northern Australia. The usual habitat is littoral rainforest on sand or near estuaries. The range of natural distribution is from Seven Mile Beach, New South Wales to Queensland, northern Australia and New Guinea.

<i>Elattostachys nervosa</i> Species of tree

Elattostachys nervosa, known as the green tamarind or beetroot tree is a common rainforest tree of eastern Australia. Found in all types of rainforest, growing from Paterson, New South Wales in the south to Gympie in south east Queensland. The name Elattostachys refers to "little spikes", a flower feature of other plants in this genus. Nervosa refers to the prominent leaf venation. Beetroot Tree refers to the beetroot red leaves of the new growth.

<i>Allophylus cobbe</i> Species of plant in the family Sapindaceae

Allophylus cobbe, commonly known as titberry or Indian allophylus, is a pantropical, shrub in the family Sapindaceae with many uses in traditional medicine. It has a highly variable morphology throughout its range and may prove to be more than one species.

<i>Dysoxylum pettigrewianum</i> Species of tree in the family Meliaceae

Dysoxylum pettigrewianum, commonly known as spur mahogany, spurwood, or Cairns satinwood, is a large tree in the family Meliaceae. It is native to the rainforests of Malesia, Papuasia and Queensland. In Queensland it occurs only in a small part of the northeast coast.

<i>Harpullia hillii</i> Species of flowering plant

Harpullia hillii, commonly known as blunt-leaved tulip or oblong-leaved tulip, is a tree in the family Sapindaceae, endemic to eastern Australia. It occurs in dry rainforest from the Burdekin River in Queensland southwards to Wauchope, New South Wales.

<i>Rhysotoechia</i> Genus of trees

Rhysotoechia is a genus of plants in the soapberry family Sapindaceae which is native to parts of Malesia and Australia.

<i>Guioa acutifolia</i> Species of tree

Guioa acutifolia is an evergreen tree from New Guinea and coastal areas of eastern Queensland in Australia. Common names include glossy tamarind, northern guioa and sharp-leaf guioa. It grows up to 20 metres high and has smooth, grey bark on its trunk which may be up to 15 cm wide. The sweetly scented flowers are produced between August and October in the species' native range Flowers and fruits often appear on immature trees.

Lepidopetalum is a genus of six species of trees known to science, constituting part of the plant family Sapindaceae.

<i>Dysoxylum parasiticum</i> Species of tree in the family Meliaceae

Dysoxylum parasiticum, commonly known as yellow mahogany, is a species of rainforest tree in the family Meliaceae native to Taiwan, parts of Malesia, Papuasia, and northeast Queensland.

<i>Gardenia actinocarpa</i> Species of plant endemic to Queensland

Gardenia actinocarpa is a rare and endangered plant in the madder family Rubiaceae that grows in a very restricted area within the Wet Tropics rainforest of north-east Queensland.

<i>Toechima dasyrrhache</i> Species of flowering plant

Toechima dasyrrhache, also known as blunt-leaved steelwood, is a species of plant in the lychee family that is endemic to Australia.

<i>Diploglottis harpullioides</i> Species of plant in the family Sapindaceae

Diploglottis harpullioides, commonly known as Babinda tamarind, is a rainforest tree in the family Sapindaceae which is endemic to the Wet Tropics of Queensland.

<i>Harpullia ramiflora</i> Species of plant in the family Sapindaceae

Harpullia ramiflora, commonly known as the Claudie tulipwood or Cape York tulipwood, is a tree in the Sapindaceae family native to north east Queensland, New Guinea and parts of Malesia.

<i>Harpullia rhyticarpa</i> Species of plant in the family Sapindaceae

Harpullia rhyticarpa, commonly known as slender harpullia, is a plant in the family Sapindaceae which is endemic to the rainforests northeastern Queensland, Australia.

<i>Diploglottis diphyllostegia</i> Species of plant in the family Sapindaceae

Diploglottis diphyllostegia, commonly known as the northern tamarind, native tamarind or wild tamarind, is a tree in the lychee family Sapindaceae which is endemic to Queensland, Australia. It is an attractive tree with potential in cultivation, with a dense crown of dark green leaves and masses of fruit in spring and summer.

References

  1. 1 2 "Species profile—Diploglottis obovata". Queensland Department of Environment and Science. Queensland Government. 2022. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
  2. "Diploglottis obovata". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Australian Government . Retrieved 16 October 2023.
  3. "Diploglottis obovata S.T.Reynolds". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2023. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Reynolds, S.T. (1987). "Notes on Sapindaceae, V". Austrobaileya: A Journal of Plant Systematics. 2 (4): 330. doi: 10.5962/p.365711 . S2CID   260275468 . Retrieved 16 October 2023.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Reynolds, S.T.; Kodela, P.G. (2022). Kodela, P.G. (ed.). "Diploglottis obovata". Flora of Australia . Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water: Canberra. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  6. 1 2 3 F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Diploglottis obovata". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government . Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  7. 1 2 Cooper, Wendy; Cooper, William T. (June 2004). Fruits of the Australian Tropical Rainforest. Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia: Nokomis Editions. p. 487. ISBN   9780958174213.
  8. "Search: species: Diploglottis obovata | Occurrence records". Australasian Virtual Herbarium . Australian Government . Retrieved 16 October 2023.