Duke University Hospital

Last updated
Duke University Hospital
Duke University Health System
Duke University Symbol.svg
Duke University Hospital
Geography
Location Durham, North Carolina, United States
Organization
Type Teaching
Affiliated university Duke University School of Medicine
Network Duke University Health System
Services
Emergency department Level I trauma center
Beds1062
History
Opened1925 as a gift from James B. Duke. Hospital did not accept patients until 1930.
Links
Website www.dukemedicine.org
Lists Hospitals in North Carolina

Duke University Hospital is a 1062 -bed acute care facility [1] and an academic tertiary care facility located in Durham, North Carolina, United States. [2] Established in 1930, it is the flagship teaching hospital for the Duke University Health System, a network of physicians and hospitals serving Durham County and Wake County, North Carolina, and surrounding areas, as well as one of three Level I referral centers for the Research Triangle of North Carolina (the other two are UNC Hospitals in nearby Chapel Hill and WakeMed Raleigh in Raleigh). [3] It is affiliated with the Duke University School of Medicine.

Contents

History

1924–1935: early years

The institution traces its roots back to 1924, six years before the opening of the hospital, when James Buchanan Duke established the Duke Endowment [4] to transform Duke University (then known as Trinity College) [5] into the research university it is today. In 1925, Duke bequeathed $4 million to establish the medical school, nursing school, and hospital. [6] Two years later, in 1927, construction began on the original hospital (now known as Duke South), which opened on July 21, 1930, with 400 beds. In 1931, the hospital and medical school were officially dedicated on April 20 and the Private Diagnostic Clinic (Duke's in-house physician system) was organized on September 16. [7] In 1935, less than five years after the hospital opened, the American Medical Association ranked Duke among the top 20 of medical schools in the country. [6]

1936–1969: a number of firsts

In 1936, a team of physicians led by Dr. Julian Deryl Hart introduced ultraviolet light in operating rooms in an effort to kill germs and combat post-operative staph infections, greatly reducing the number of infections and related deaths. [8] In the same year, the hospital established the nation's first brain tumor program, launching what would become one of the world's most renowned programs in the field of cancer treatment. In 1937, Joseph Beard developed a vaccine against equine encephalomyelitis, one of the first known vaccines to combat the mosquito-carried disease. [9]

In 1940, the hospital made its first expansion, adding a new wing to the original building. In 1946, the Division of Thoracic Surgery, today the Duke Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, was organized by Josiah Charles Trent. In 1947, the Bell Research Building became the first freestanding building on the hospital campus. In 1954, the Duke Poison Control Center was organized, [10] becoming one of the first two organized in the country.

In 1955, psychiatrist Ewald W. Busse established the Duke University Center for Aging, the first research center of its kind in the nation. [11] Currently the oldest continuously operating facility in the United States, this center has pioneered long-term studies of health problems among seniors.

In 1956, Duke surgeons performed the first cardiac surgery using systemic hypothermia to bring a patient's body temperature down to less than 50 degrees Fahrenheit in an effort to minimize tissue damage during lengthy surgeries. With the success of this experiment, systemic hypothermia has become standard procedure in all hospitals worldwide. In 1957, the hospital and medical school were renamed Duke University Medical Center. In 1958, Thelma Ingles, a professor and chair of the Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, developed the clinical nursing specialist program, becoming the first master's program of its kind in the United States. The establishment of the nursing specialist program paved the way for advanced clinical knowledge in the delivery and teaching of the nursing field.

The 1960s brought extraordinary firsts to Duke. In 1963, the first African-American student was accepted to the prestigious medical school. Two years later, in 1965, the hospital established the first physician assistant program in the country. In 1966, Duke became the first medical center in the world to offer radio consultations with physicians in developing countries. This program, called Med-Aid (short for Medical Assistance for Isolated Doctors), met the critical needs of the physicians who lacked proper treatment.[ clarification needed ] That same year, the Medical Scientist Training Program, a joint program leading to simultaneous M.D. and Ph.D. degrees, was established, becoming one of the first three in the nation. In 1969, the first recorded studies of human's abilities to function and work at pressures equal to a 1,000-foot (300 m) deep sea dive were conducted in the hyperbaric chamber. [12]

1970–1989: a period of growth and expansion

With the dawn of the 1970s, Duke underwent a period of expansion that continued well into the 1980s. In December 1971, [13] the Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center was established under the National Cancer Act. [13] [14] Duke's cancer center, one of the first in the nation under this groundbreaking legislation, was officially designated as a "comprehensive" cancer center by the National Cancer Institute in 1973. [14] That same year, the Duke Eye Center was dedicated and opened on November 8. In 1978, the Morris Cancer Research Building opened, giving researchers a place to study and find cures for the disease. DCI partners with a number of other centers and institutes including North Carolina State University and the University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center. [15]

During the 1970s, the hospital also faced two distinct unionization drives aimed at uniting the unskilled service workers of Duke Hospital. The 1974 and 1978 drives both ultimately failed, and the 1980s ushered in a twenty-year low in organizing and activism at the hospital. [16]

In 1980, Duke moved into its present $94.5 million facility (Duke North) on Erwin Road, located just north of its original location. In 1985, with the emergence of AIDS bringing alarm to the medical community, Duke became one of the first two hospitals to conduct human clinical trials on AZT, the first drug to offer an improved quality of life in patients battling AIDS.

1990–present: accelerated growth and expansion

In the 1990s, the medical research at Duke reached the forefront for the detection of ailments that can be treated with a larger success rate. In 1990, Duke geneticists invented a three-minute test to screen newborns for over 30 metabolic diseases at one time. This practice has since become standard worldwide.

In 1992, Duke's cancer center became the first hospital to develop an outpatient bone marrow transplant program. That same year, the hospital performed its first lung and heart/lung transplants. [17]

The year 1994 marked the beginning of accelerated expansion for Duke. That year, the Levine Science Research Center and the Medical Sciences Research Center were opened. In addition, there were extensive renovations of the Duke Clinic (Duke South), additions to the Morris Cancer Research Building, a new Children's Health Center, a freestanding Ambulatory Care Center, and expanded parking options for visitors.

In 1998, the Duke University Health System was created with newly established partnerships with Durham Regional Hospital and Raleigh Community Hospital. That same year, the National Institutes of Health partnered with Duke to offer the first joint master's of health science in a clinical research degree. With this extraordinary partnership, the NIH became the first organization to offer a joint graduate degree program with a major university.

In 2001, the hospital was the first to establish a center dedicated exclusively to Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

In December 2019, a team at the hospital became the first in the United States to transplant an adult heart into a recipient through a process known as donation after circulatory death. [18] [19] The transplant takes place after the heart has stopped beating and the person is declared dead. [19]

In 2019, Duke Regional Hospital began a major expansion project on its emergency department and behavioral health unit. [20] [21] [22] The $102.4 million project will increase the number of private rooms and increase the number of outpatient behavioral health clinic rooms from 19 to 30. [21]

In September 2021, doctors at Duke University Hospital completed the first heart donation after circulatory death on a child. [23]

Notable alumni

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "Duke University Hospital Overview". Duke University Health System. Retrieved 2019-10-31.
  2. ↑ "Duke Hospital: A Leader In Healthcare – excel-medical.com" . Retrieved 2023-01-25.
  3. ↑ "Duke Hospital". Excel Medical. 2022-10-10. Retrieved 2023-02-08.
  4. ↑ "From famous alums to why the schools are so close together, get to know Duke and UNC". The News & Observer. 2022-04-01.
  5. ↑ Durden, Robert Franklin (1993). The Launching of Duke University, 1924-1949. Duke University Press. ISBN   978-0-8223-1302-1.
  6. 1 2 "Duke University Medical Center History". Duke Medical Center Library & Archives. Retrieved 2011-03-17.
  7. ↑ "Dedication of Duke University School of Medicine and Duke Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, April 20, 1931" (PDF). Southern Medical Journal, Journal of the Southern Medical Association. 24 (12): 1099–1124. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 5, 2011. Retrieved 2011-03-17.
  8. ↑ "Medicine: Germicidal Light". Time . 1936-06-15. Archived from the original on June 3, 2008. Retrieved 2011-03-17.
  9. ↑ Beard JW, Finkelstein H, Sealy WC, Wyckoff RW (May 1938). "Immunization Against Equine Encephalomyelitis with Chick Embryo Vaccines". Science . 87 (2265): 490. Bibcode:1938Sci....87..490B. doi:10.1126/science.87.2265.490. PMID   17772711.
  10. ↑ Woolf, Alan (2021-10-13). History of Modern Clinical Toxicology. Academic Press. ISBN   978-0-12-822219-5.
  11. ↑ Maddox, George L. "Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development: History of the center" (PDF). Retrieved 2011-03-17.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)[ permanent dead link ]
  12. ↑ Camporesi, Enrico M (2007). "The Atlantis Series and Other Deep Dives". In: Moon RE, Piantadosi CA, Camporesi EM (Eds.). Dr. Peter Bennett Symposium Proceedings. Held May 1, 2004. Durham, N.C. Divers Alert Network. Archived from the original on 2011-07-27. Retrieved 2011-03-17.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  13. 1 2 Thomas, Patrick (2022-04-14). "Cancer survivor highlight of Duke Cancer Institute 50th anniversary". spectrumlocalnews.com. Retrieved 2023-01-10.
  14. 1 2 "50 years of Duke cancer care". The Cancer Letter. 2022-07-07.
  15. ↑ "Duke Cancer Institute - NCI". www.cancer.gov. 2012-07-26. Retrieved 2023-01-10.
  16. ↑ Brodkin, Karen (1988). Caring By The Hour. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press. pp. 161–163.
  17. ↑ Gray, Alice L.; Mulvihill, Michael S.; Hartwig, Matthew G. (March 2016). "Lung transplantation at Duke". Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. 11 (6): 975–988. doi:10.1016/0015-6264(73)90224-1. PMC   4805837 . PMID   4805837.
  18. ↑ Kim, Allen (3 December 2019). "Doctors 'reanimate' heart for first-of-its-kind transplant in US". CNN. Retrieved 2020-05-26.
  19. 1 2 Pulliam, Tim (2019-12-03). "Military veteran gets first heart transplant of its kind at Duke Hospital". ABC11 Raleigh-Durham. Retrieved 2023-02-08.
  20. ↑ "Duke Regional Hospital Breaks Ground on Major Expansion | Duke Health". corporate.dukehealth.org. Retrieved 2020-05-26.
  21. 1 2 "Duke Regional Hospital breaks ground on $100 million expansion". The Chronicle. Retrieved 2020-05-26.
  22. ↑ Gronberg, Ray (14 February 2018). "Duke Health puts big bucks into Duke Regional Hospital. Here's what will grow". The Herald Sun.
  23. ↑ Rivera, Ana (2021-09-14). "Doctors at Duke University Hospital perform new type of heart transplant on 14-year-old". ABC11 Raleigh-Durham. Retrieved 2023-02-08.
  24. ↑ ""First Lady" named at the ETH Zurich". healthcare-in-europe.com. Retrieved 2023-01-25.
  25. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2012". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2023-02-25.
  26. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2023-02-25.
  27. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1964". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2023-02-25.

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