Energy in Monaco

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Energy in Monaco describes energy production, consumption and importation in the Principality of Monaco.

Contents

Monaco has no domestic sources of fossil fuels and relies entirely on imports of electricity, gas and fuels from France. Monaco's sole national power company is Société Monégasque de l'Electricité et du Gaz (SMEG, Monegasque Electricity and Gas Company), which operates the country's electric and gas grid and provides related services. SMEG is 60% owned by Engie, 20% by the State of Monaco, 15% by EDF, and the rest by private investors. [1] Although the country imports its gas and electricity from France, it operates a waste-to-energy district heating and seawater pumping plant in Fontvieille called seaWergie which provides heating and cooling to homes and businesses in the quartier. [2]

Due to this importation and small size, key statistics do not list Monaco as separate country in carbon dioxide emissions. Instead the principality include its emissions in France's statistics. In 2018, the country used around 536,000 MWh of electricity, of which a majority of it was used tertiary services. [3]

History

The first and later sole electric plant was a gas-fired power plant built by the casino operator SBM at base of Fort Antoine in Monaco-Ville. It was later decommissioned in 1952 in agreement with France, over the nationalisation of the local Niçoise gas company EELV to create Gaz de France. [4]

Kyoto Protocol

In December 2007 Monaco had underlined but not ratified the Kyoto Protocol. [5] In 2008 Monaco was - 4% from its Kyoto Protocol emission targets. [6]

According to the National greenhouse gas inventory data for the period 1990–2006 UNFCCC 17 November 2008 page 16 the emissions change from 1990 to 2006 in Monaco was -13.1% as following (Gg CO2 equivalent):

Monaco declaration

The ocean scientists expressed their concern in Monaco 30.1.2009 about the global warming consequences in the seas. 150 leading scientists appealed to the decision makers in "the Monaco declaration" to restrict the CO2 emissions. Today's emissions could have dramatic consequences in the stocks of fish in a few decades, which would influence significantly both in the ocean biodiversity and also millions of peoples food supply. [7]

Related Research Articles

Smeg or SMEG may refer to:

Energy in France Overview of the production, consumption, import and export of energy and electricity in France

According to the International Energy Agency, France has historically generated a very low level of carbon dioxide emissions compared to other G7 economies due to its reliance on nuclear energy. Energy in France is generated from five primary sources: coal, natural gas, liquid fuels, nuclear power, and renewables. In 2020, nuclear power made up the largest portion of electricity generation, at around 78%. Renewables accounted for 19.1% of energy consumption. France has the largest share of nuclear electricity in the world. The country is also among the world's biggest net exporters of electricity. The country is increasingly investing in renewable energy and has set a target of 32% by 2030.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Renewable energy in Finland</span> Overview of renewable energy in Finland

Renewable energy in Finland grew to 38.7% of total final energy consumption by year end 2014, achieving joint second position with Latvia in terms of renewable energy consumption by share amongst the EU-28 countries, behind its neighbour Sweden in first position on a 52.6% share. The 2014 share in Finland breaks down as renewable energy providing 52% of the heating and cooling sector, 31.4% of the electricity sector and 21.6% of the transport sector. By 2014, Finland had already exceeded its 2020 target for renewable energy use under the EU renewable energy directive as shown in the table of country targets.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Energy in Finland</span> Overview of the production, consumption, import and export of energy and electricity in Finland

Energy in Finland describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Finland. Energy policy of Finland describes the politics of Finland related to energy. Electricity sector in Finland is the main article of electricity in Finland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Energy in Belgium</span>

Energy in Belgium describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Belgium.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Energy in Switzerland</span> Overview of energy in Switzerland

The energy sector in Switzerland is, by its structure and importance, typical of a developed country. Apart from hydroelectric power and firewood, the country has few indigenous energy resources: oil products, natural gas and nuclear fuel are imported, so that by 2013 only 22.6% of primary energy consumption will have been covered by local resources.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Energy in Italy</span> Overview of the production, consumption, import and export of energy and electricity in Italy

Energy in Italy come mostly from fossil fuels. Among the most used resources are petroleum, natural gas, coal and renewables. Italy has few energy resources, and most of supplies are imported.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Electricity sector in Finland</span> Overview of the electricity sector in Finland

The electricity sector in Finland relies on nuclear power, forest industry black liquor and wood consumption, cogeneration and electricity import from neighboring countries. In 2008 the consumption of electricity in Finland was 17 036 kWh/person. The European union (15) average was 7 409 kWh/person. Co-generation of heat and electricity for industry process heat and district heating is common in Finland. Finland is one of the last countries in the world still burning peat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Energy in Singapore</span>

Energy in Singapore describes energy related issues in Singapore, which is a developed country located in eastern Asia. Energy exports to others are about three times the primary energy supplied in the country itself. Additionally, oil imports in relation to the population demands of the country itself are concerningly high.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Energy in Sweden</span> Overview of energy use in Sweden

Energy in Sweden describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Sweden. Electricity sector in Sweden is the main article of electricity in Sweden. The Swedish climate bill of February 2017 aims to make Sweden carbon neutral by 2045. The Swedish target is to decline emission of climate gases 63% from 1990 to 2030 and international transportation excluding foreign flights 70%. By 2014 just over half of the country's total final energy consumption in electricity, heating and cooling and transport combined was provided by renewables, the highest share amongst the 28 EU member countries. About a third of Sweden's electricity is generated by nuclear power. In generating a year's worth of this energy, Swedes generate about 4 tonnes of CO2 emissions each. Since 2010, sustainability measures have reduced total emissions even as the population has increased.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Energy in Portugal</span> Energy and electricity production in Portugal

Energy in Portugal describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Portugal. Energy policy of Portugal will describe the politics of Portugal related to energy more in detail. Electricity sector in Portugal is the main article of electricity in Portugal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Energy policy of Finland</span> Overview of the energy policy of Finland

Energy policy of Finland describes the politics of Finland related to energy. Energy in Finland describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Finland. Electricity sector in Finland is the main article of electricity in Finland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Climate change in Finland</span> Emissions, impacts and responses of Finland related to climate change

Climate change in Finland has far reaching impacts on the natural environment and people of Finland. Finland was among the top five greenhouse gas emitters in 2001, on a per capita basis. Emissions increased to 58.8 million tonnes in 2016. Finland needs to triple its current cuts to emissions in order to be carbon neutral by 2035. Finland relies on coal and peat for its energy, but plans to phase out coal by 2029. Finland has a target of carbon neutrality by the year 2035 without carbon credits. The policies include nature conservation, more investments in trains, changes in taxation and more sustainable wood burning. After 2035 Finland will be carbon negative, meaning soaking more carbon than emitting.

Energy in Lebanon

Energy in Lebanon is dominated by oil, which represents more than 95% of the primary energy consumed in 2017. The great majority of energy used in the country is imported. The energy market in Lebanon is characterized by sharply rising consumption, and frequent shortages due to dilapidated infrastructure partly destroyed by the civil war that ravaged the country between 1975 and 1990.

Energy in Luxembourg describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Luxembourg. Energy policy of Luxembourg will describe the politics of Luxembourg related to energy in greater detail. Electricity sector in Luxembourg is the main article of electricity in Luxembourg.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Energy in Slovakia</span> Overview of the production, consumption, import and export of energy and electricity in Slovakia

Primary energy use in Slovakia was 194 TWh and 36 TWh per million inhabitants in 2009.

Despite the historic usage of wind power to drain water and grind grain, the Netherlands today lags behind all other member states of the European Union in the production of energy from renewable sources. In 2019, the Netherlands produced just 8.6% of its total energy from renewables.[data unknown/missing] According to statistics published by Eurostat, it is the last among the EU countries in the shift away from global warming-inducing energy sources. The leading renewable sources in the country are biomass, wind, solar and both geothermal and aerothermal power. In 2018 decisions were taken to replace natural gas as the main energy source in the Netherlands with increased electrification being a major part of this process.

The Monaco Electricity and Gas Company is a Monegasque concessionaire which distributes and supplies electricity and gas for the entire Principality of Monaco, which is over 25 000 customers and commercial entities. It operates public lighting and maintains the 7,200 light points in the area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">World energy supply and consumption</span> Global production and usage of energy

World energy supply and consumption is global production and preparation of fuel, generation of electricity, energy transport, and energy consumption. It is a basic part of economic activity. It includes heat, but not energy from food.

References

  1. ↑ "Shareholding". SMEG. Retrieved 2020-06-09.
  2. ↑ "seaWergie, District heating and Cooling networks in Monaco". SMEG. Retrieved 2020-06-10.
  3. ↑ "Distribution de l'Electricité" [Electricity Supply]. SMEG (in French). Retrieved 2020-06-09.
  4. ↑ "Our history - The post-war period". SMEG. Retrieved 2020-06-09.
  5. ↑ Australia ratifioi Kioton sopimuksen 3.12.2007 YLE (in Finnish)
  6. ↑ Suomen kasvihuonekaasupäästöt 1990–2008, 3. korjattu painos Statistics Finland Katsauksia 2010/1, Ympäristö ja luonnonvarat http://www.tilastokeskus.fi/kasvihuonekaasut page 47(in Finnish)
  7. ↑ Tutkijoiden hätähuuto: Ilmastonmuutos happamoittaa meret Archived 2009-04-15 at the Wayback Machine YLE 31.01.2009 (in Finnish)


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