Epidendrum anceps

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Brown epidendrum
Epidendrum anceps - infl.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Epidendrum
Subgenus: Epidendrum subg. Amphiglottium
Section: Epidendrum sect. Schistochila
Subsection: Epidendrum subsect. Integra
Species:
E. anceps
Binomial name
Epidendrum anceps
Jacq. (1763)
Synonyms
  • Epidendrum fuscatum Sm. (1792)
  • Amphiglottis lurida Salisb. (1812)
  • Tritelandra fuscata (Sm.) Raf. (1837)
  • Epidendrum viridipurpureum Hook. (1838)
  • Epidendrum ensatum A.Rich. & Galeotti (1845)
  • Epidendrum galeottianum A.Rich. & Galeotti (1845)
  • Epidendrum fuscatum var. virescens Lodd. ex Lindl. (1853)
  • Epidendrum fuscatum var. viridipurpureum (Hook.) Lindl. (1853)
  • Cattleya galeottiana (A.Rich. & Galeotti) Beer (1854)
  • Epidendrum cearense Barb.Rodr. (1881)
  • Epidendrum schreineri Barb.Rodr. (1881)
  • Epidendrum schenckianum Kraenzl. (1909)
  • Amphiglottis anceps (Jacq.) Britton (1924)
  • Epidendrum anceps var. typicum Stehlé (1939)
  • Epidendrum secundum subsp. briegeri H.Dietr. (1992)

Epidendrum anceps, literally the "two-edged upon a tree," a species of epiphytic orchid in the genus Epidendrum , is sometimes known as the brown epidendrum or dingy-flowered epidendrum.

Contents

Description

E. anceps exhibits a sympodial growth habit, producing closely spaced [1] reed-like stems up to 5 dm tall (10 dm, according to Correll and Schweinfurth) which are flattened laterally (hence, anceps) and covered by imbricating sheathes which bear leaves on the upper part of the stem. The wide tan-green coriaceous sessile linear-elliptic distichous leaves grow up to 22 cm long by 43 mm wide. The terminal inflorescence is a raceme at the end of a long peduncle covered from its base by close, imbricating sheathes; sometimes additional racemes will arise from the nodes of the peduncle. The flowers typically contain significant amounts of chlorophyll and yellow pigment—these are often accompanied by enough purple pigment to give the flower a dingy, brown color. The oblong-ovate dorsal sepal can grow as long as 10 mm; the lateral sepals are often wider than the dorsal. The petals are linear. The adnate lip is heart- or kidney-shaped where it diverges from the column, is sufficiently three-lobed to be placed in the section E. sect. Schistochila, [2] and has a slight keel on the middle lobe, which is notched at the apex, sometimes with a little point.

Taxonomic confusion

This taxon has frequently been confused with E. secundum Jacq. due to an early publication claiming synonymy between these two very different taxa. [3]

In October 2009, Kew listed "Epidendrum galeottianum A.Rich. & Galeotti, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., III, 3: 21 (1845)" as a synonym of E. anceps. [4] Reichenbach thought that E. galleottianum was a separate species, and placed it in a different section, E. sect. Holochila; he also seems to have cited the authority differently: "Richard and Galeotti, Orch. Mex. p. 21". [5] The original publication of E. galeottianum placed it in E. subg. Amphiglottium and made no reference to whether or not the lip was lobed; Reichenbach (1861) included no more information than Richard & Galeotti. [6] Some continue to maintain that E. galleottianum and E. anceps are separate species. [7] [8] [9]

Related Research Articles

<i>Epidendrum armeniacum</i> Species of orchid

Epidendrum armeniacum is an epiphytic species of reed-stemmed Epidendrum orchid that grows wild in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru, at altitudes of 1–2 km.

<i>Epidendrum blepharistes</i> Species of plant

Epidendrum blepharistes is a species of orchid in the genus Epidendrum native to Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

<i>Epidendrum compressum</i> Species of plant

Epidendrum compressum is a species of orchid in the genus Epidendrum from wet montane forests of Trinidad, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia.

<i>Epidendrum friderici-guilielmi</i> Species of orchid

Epidendrum friderici-guilielmi is a species of orchid in the genus Epidendrum which grows naturally at altitudes of 1.7—3.0 km. in Peru and Bolivia.

<i>Epidendrum macrocarpum</i> Species of orchid

Epidendrum macrocarpum, widely known as Epidendrum schomburgkii, is a species of orchid in the genus Epidendrum, and the largest-flowering crucifix orchid species. Reichenbach thought that E. fulgens and E. schomburgkii var. confluens were both synonyms for this species.

<i>Epidendrum microphyllum</i> Species of plant

Epidendrum microphyllum is a species of tropical orchid in the genus Epidendrum with non-resupinate flowers.

<i>Epidendrum paniculatum</i> Species of orchid

Epidendrum paniculatum is a species of orchid in the genus Epidendrum.

<i>Epidendrum orchidiflorum</i> Species of orchid

Epidendrum orchidiflorum is a species of orchid of the genus Epidendrum.

Epidendrum brevivenium is a species of Epidendrum Orchid native to Peru and the provinces of Pichincha, Napo, and Tungurahua in Ecuador at altitudes of 2.8 to 3.4 km.

<i>Epidendrum <span style="font-style:normal;">subsect.</span> Integra</i> Group of orchids

Integra is a subsection of the section Schistochila of the subgenus Amphiglotium (Lindl.) of the genus Epidendrum of the Orchidaceae. Like the other subsections of Schistochila, Integra plants are sympodial orchids with no tendency to produce pseudobulbs. They bear a terminal inflorescence with a peduncle covered for most of its length with close, thin, imbricate sheaths, and terminating in a raceme. This subsection differs from the other two in that the margins of the trilobate lip are not lacerate, fringed, or denticulate. In 1861, Reichenbach listed fifteen separate species in this subsection. Some of these names are now recognized as synonyms

Epidendrum hemiscleria is a sympodial epiphytic orchid native to the tropical cloud forest of Ecuador and Peru, at altitudes near 3.3 km.

Epidendrum sect. Holochila Rchb.f. 1861 is a section of subgenus Epidendrum subg. Amphiglottium of the Orchidaceae. It differs from section E. sect. Polycladia by bearing inflorescences that are racemes, not panicles. It differs from section E. sect. Schistochila by having a lip with no lobes. Like the other sections of E. subg. Amphiglottium, plants of E. sect. Holochila exhibit slender stems covered with close imbricating sheaths which do not swell to form pseudobulbs, and terminal inflorescences covered at the base with close imbricating sheaths but without spathes.

Epidendrum smaragdinum is an epiphytic sympodial orchid native to the Neotropics. It has been found at 0.5 km above sea level in Napo, Ecuador It is also known from Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.

Epidendrum ramosum, the mountain star orchid, is a neotropical species of reed-stemmed Epidendrum orchid which grows both epiphytically and terrestrially at altitudes near 1 km.

<i>Epidendrum lacustre</i> Species of plant

Epidendrum lacustre is a sympodial orchid which is known to grow both epiphytically and lithophytically in the cloud forests and rainforests of Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Peru and Venezuela at altitudes ranging from 1.2—2.5 km. The type of this species was found growing "on half-submerged rotten trees" in a Venezuelan marsh at an altitude of 2.4 km.

<i>Epidendrum catillus</i> Species of plant

Epidendrum catillus is an epiphytic orchid native to Colombia, Ecuador and Peru at altitudes ranging from 0.8 km to 1.6 km.

Epidendrum cochlidium is a neotropical orchid which can grow both terrestrially and epiphytically in Peru and Venezuela at altitudes ranging from 1.2 km to 2.9 km.

<i>Epidendrum coriifolium</i> Species of orchid

Epidendrum coriifolium is a sympodial orchid which grows both terrestrially and epiphytically at altitudes of 1.4—1.7 km in dense forests in Brazil, Ecuador, Mexico, Central America, and Venezuela.

Epidendrum cylindraceum is a reed-stemmed Epidendrum of the Orchidaceae, native to Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, where it has been reported at an altitude of 3.2 km.

<i>Epidendrum cylindrostachys</i> Species of orchid

Epidendrum cylindrostachys is an epiphytic orchid native to the mountainous rainforest of Colombia and Peru, at altitudes near 2.5 km. According to the World Checklist, this binomial has no synonyms or homonyms.

References

  1. ↑ Schweinfurth "Orchids of Peru" Fieldiana:Botany30(1960)406–407
  2. ↑ Reichenbach, H. G., nr. 260 of "ORCHIDES", in Müller., C., Ed. Walpers. Annales Botanices Systematicae6(1861);385. Berlin. 1861. Described as E. fuscatum, with E. anceps Jacq. shown as a synonym.
  3. ↑ Dressler, R. L. "Jacquin Names – Again" Taxon24(5/6):647–650. November 1975
  4. ↑ "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". Apps.kew.org. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  5. ↑ Reichenbach, H. G., nr. 253 of "ORCHIDES", in Müller., C., Ed. Walpers. Annales Botanices Systematicae6(1861)383. Berlin. 1861.
  6. ↑ "labello adnato cordiformi subobtuso." Richard & Galeotti "Orchidographie Mexicaine" in Annales des Sciences Naturelles ... Botanique III3(1845)21. Paris
  7. ↑ "Namebank Record Detail". Ubio.org. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  8. ↑ Compere http://www.orchidspecies.com/epigaleottianum.htm, with http://www.orchidspecies.com/epidanceps.htm at The Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia
  9. ↑ "Epidendrum galeottianum". Abundaflora.com. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2013.

Bibliography

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