Erythranthe suksdorfii

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Erythranthe suksdorfii
Erythranthe suksdorfii.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Phrymaceae
Genus: Erythranthe
Species:
E. suksdorfii
Binomial name
Erythranthe suksdorfii

Erythranthe suksdorfii, with the common names Suksdorf's monkeyflower and miniature monkeyflower, is an annual flowering plant in the family Phrymaceae (Lopseed). It was formerly known as Mimulus suksdorfii. [1] [2] [3] [4] A specimen collected in Washington state in 1885 by the self-taught immigrant botanist Wilhelm Nikolaus Suksdorf was identified as a new species by Asa Gray in 1886, who named it in Suksdorf's honor. [5] [6] It can easily be misidentified with Erythranthe breviflora , which generally has elliptic leaves rather than the linear or oblong leaves found in E. suksdorfii. [7]

Contents

Distribution and habitat

E. suksdorfii is native to Washington, Oregon, California, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico. [5] The plant prefers valleys and foothills in mountainous areas at elevations of 130–2,160 meters (430–7,090 ft). [7] It grows well in wetland-riparian areas that are moist in springtime and forests with Yellow Pine, Red Fir, and/or Lodgepole Pine in subalpine regions. [8] Soils with good drainage are preferred. [9] Its range has been severely impacted by human activity, [7] [10] resulting in having the status of "sensitive" from the Bureau of Land Management and United States Forest Service. [7]

Description

E. suksdorfii is a dicot herb. [8] The petals are yellow and have red spots that appear from the throat to the lower corolla lobe, which is only 4–6.5 millimeters (0.16–0.26 in) long. [5] It flowers from mid-April to July, depending upon locality. [11] The calyx is mildly hairy. The leaves are opposite, slender, tapered, and hairy and generally sessile. The plant grows to a height of 3–10 centimeters (1.2–3.9 in). [7]

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Erythranthe androsacea is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name rockjasmine monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus androsaceus.

<i>Erythranthe bicolor</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Erythranthe breviflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe breviflora is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name shortflower monkeyflower. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Wyoming to the Modoc Plateau and northern Sierra Nevada in California. It grows in moist areas in several types of habitat. It was formerly known as Mimulus breviflorus.

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Erythranthe exigua is a rare species of monkeyflower known by the common name San Bernardino Mountains monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus exiguus.

<i>Erythranthe filicaulis</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe filicaulis, known by the common name slender-stemmed monkeyflower, is a species of monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus filicaulis.

<i>Erythranthe floribunda</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe floribunda is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name many-flowered monkeyflower. It is native to western North America from western Canada to California and northern Mexico, to the Rocky Mountains. It grows in many types of habitat, especially moist areas. It was formerly known as Mimulus floribundus.

<i>Diplacus fremontii</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus fremontii is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Frémont's monkeyflower. It is native to California and Baja California, where it grows in mountain and desert habitat, especially moist or disturbed areas. It was formerly known as Mimulus fremontii.

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<i>Diplacus nanus</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus nanus is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name dwarf purple monkeyflower. It is native to California and the Northwestern United States to Montana. It grows in moist habitat, often in bare or disturbed soils. It was formerly known as Mimulus nanus.

Erythranthe palmeri is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Palmer's monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus palmeri.

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<i>Erythranthe primuloides</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe primuloides is a Western United States perennial plant in the lopseed family (Phrymaceae), known by the common name primrose monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus primuloides.

Erythranthe pulsiferae is a species of monkeyflower known by the common names candelabrum monkeyflower and Pulsifer's monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus pulsiferae. It is native to the western United States from Washington to northern California, where it grows in wet habitat such as streambanks. It is an annual herb growing 2 to 21 centimeters tall. The leaves occur in a basal rosette and oppositely along the stem, each on a short petiole and with an oval blade. The tubular base of the flower is encapsulated in a ribbed calyx of sepals with tiny pointed lobes. The flower is roughly a centimeter long and yellow in color, sometimes with red spotting or pink-tinged white coloration in the mouth.

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Diplacus pygmaeus is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Egg Lake monkeyflower.

Diplacus rattanii is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Rattan's monkeyflower.

<i>Erythranthe rubella</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe rubella is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name little redstem monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus rubellus.

Diplacus viscidus is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name sticky monkeyflower.

References

  1. ↑ Barker, W. L. (Bill); et al. (2012). "A Taxonomic Conspectus of Phyrmaceae: A Narrowed Circumscription for MIMULUS, New and Resurrected Genera, and New Names and Combinations" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 39: 1–60. ISSN   2153-733X.
  2. ↑ Beardsley, P. M.; Yen, Alan; Olmstead, R. G. (2003). "AFLP Phylogeny of Mimulus Section Erythranthe and the Evolution of Hummingbird Pollination". Evolution. 57 (6): 1397–1410. doi:10.1554/02-086. JSTOR   3448862. PMID   12894947. S2CID   198154155.
  3. ↑ Beardsley, P. M.; Olmstead, R. G. (2002). "Redefining Phrymaceae: the placement of Mimulus, tribe Mimuleae, and Phryma". American Journal of Botany. 89 (7): 1093–1102. doi:10.3732/ajb.89.7.1093. JSTOR   4122195. PMID   21665709.
  4. ↑ Beardsley, P. M.; Schoenig, Steve E.; Whittall, Justen B.; Olmstead, Richard G. (2004). "Patterns of Evolution in Western North American Mimulus (Phrymaceae)". American Journal of Botany. 91 (3): 474–4890. doi: 10.3732/ajb.91.3.474 . JSTOR   4123743. PMID   21653403. S2CID   11035527.
  5. 1 2 3 "Mimulus suksdorfii (Suksdorf's Monkeyflower)". Southwest Colorado Wildflowers. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  6. ↑ Love, Rhoda M. (Fall 1998). "Wilhelm Nikolaus Suksdorf (1850–1932) Pioneer Botanist of the Pacific Northwest" (PDF). Pacific Northwest Quarterly: 1.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 "Erythranthe suksdorfii (A. Gray) N. S. Fraga" (PDF). Washington Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  8. 1 2 "Mimulus suksdorfii (A. Gray)". Calflora. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  9. ↑ Rundel, Philip W.; Gibson, Arthur C.; Sharifi, M. Rasoul (2008). "The Alpine Flora of the White Mountains, California". Madroño. 55 (3): 202–215. doi:10.3120/0024-9637-55.3.202. JSTOR   41431655. S2CID   83819837.
  10. ↑ "Erythranthe suksdorfii (A. Gray) N. S. Fraga". SEInet. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  11. ↑ "Erythranthe suksdorfii". Bruke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
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