Ethmia pusiella

Ethmia pusiella
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Depressariidae
Genus:	Ethmia
Species:	E. pusiella
Binomial name
	Ethmia pusiella; (Linnaeus, 1758)
Synonyms
	Numerous, see text

Last updated March 30, 2019

Ethmia pusiella is a moth of the family Depressariidae. It occurs throughout Europe and eastwards to the Tien Shan mountains of eastern Central Asia.^[1]

Moths comprise a group of insects related to butterflies, belonging to the order Lepidoptera. Most lepidopterans are moths, and there are thought to be approximately 160,000 species of moth, many of which have yet to be described. Most species of moth are nocturnal, but there are also crepuscular and diurnal species.

Depressariidae is a family of moths. It has formerly been treated as a subfamily of Gelechiidae, but is now recognised as a separate family, comprising about 2300 species worldwide.

Central Asia stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east and from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north. The region consists of the former Soviet republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. It is also colloquially referred to as "the stans" as the countries generally considered to be within the region all have names ending with the Persian suffix "-stan", meaning "land of".

The wingspan of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777-200 has a wingspan of 60.93 metres, and a wandering albatross caught in 1965 had a wingspan of 3.63 metres, the official record for a living bird. The term wingspan, more technically extent, is also used for other winged animals such as pterosaurs, bats, insects, etc., and other fixed-wing aircraft such as ornithopters. In humans, the term wingspan also refers to the arm span, which is distance between the length from one end of an individual's arms to the other when raised parallel to the ground at shoulder height at a 90º angle. Former professional basketball player Manute Bol stands at 7 ft 7 in (2.31 m) and owns one of the largest wingspans at 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m).

The caterpillars feed on common gromwell (Lithospermum officinale) and Pulmonaria officinalis . They have also been recorded to be myrmecophilous.^[2]

Caterpillars are the larval stage of members of the order Lepidoptera.

Pulmonaria officinalis, common names lungwort, common lungwort, Mary's tears or Our Lady's milk drops, is a herbaceous rhizomatous evergreen perennial plant of the genus Pulmonaria, belonging to the family Boraginaceae

Taxonomy and systematics

E. pusiella is the type species of the proposed genera Anesychia and Melanoleuca, which are now considered junior synonyms of Ethmia . If considered separate from Ethmia, the senior synonym Anesychia must be used.^[1]

In zoological nomenclature, a type species is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups called a type genus.

Ethmia is a large genus of small moths. It is the type genus of the gelechioid family Ethmiidae, which is sometimes included in Elachistidae or Oecophoridae as subfamily.

Two subspecies are accepted nowadays:^[1]

E. p. pusiella– western populations, east to Ural Mountains and Asia Minor
E. p. deletella– eastern populations, Central Asia and Tien Shan

The Ural Mountains, or simply the Urals, are a mountain range that runs approximately from north to south through western Russia, from the coast of the Arctic Ocean to the Ural River and northwestern Kazakhstan. The mountain range forms part of the conventional boundary between the continents of Europe and Asia. Vaygach Island and the islands of Novaya Zemlya form a further continuation of the chain to the north into the Arctic Ocean.

In earlier times, E. candidella and E. fumidella were considered varieties of E. pusiella.^[1]

Ethmia candidella is a moth in the Depressariidae family. It is found in North Africa, southern Europe and the Middle East.

Ethmia fumidella is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It is found in Spain, Portugal, Austria, Hungary, Romania, Greece, Turkey and on Crete.

In zoology, the word "form" or forma is a strictly informal term that is sometimes used to describe organisms. Under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature the term has no standing. In other words, although form names are Latin, and are sometimes wrongly appended to a binomial name, in a zoological context, forms have no taxonomic significance at all.

Junior synonyms of E. pusiella are:^[1]

Ethmia deletellade Lattin, 1963
Ethmia lithospermella(Hübner, 1789)
Ethmia scalacella(Kühn, 1777)
Phalaena (Tinea) pusiellaLinnaeus, 1758
Tinea lithospermellaHübner, 1789
Tinea scalacellaKühn, 1777

Footnotes

1 2 3 4 5 See references in Savela (2003)
↑ Grabe (1942), and see references in Savela (2003)

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References

Grabe, Albert (1942): Eigenartige Geschmacksrichtungen bei Kleinschmetterlingsraupen ["Strange tastes among micromoth caterpillars"]. Zeitschrift des Wiener Entomologen-Vereins27: 105-109 [in German]. PDF fulltext
Savela, Markku (2003): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms – Ethmia. Version of 2003-DEC-29. Retrieved 2010-APR-21.

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[savela2003-1] 1 2 3 4 5 See references in Savela (2003)

[2] Grabe (1942), and see references in Savela (2003)

Ethmia pusiella

Contents

Taxonomy and systematics

Footnotes

Related Research Articles

References