Euphorbia hypericifolia

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Euphorbia hypericifolia
Euphorbia hypericifolia 11.JPG
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Euphorbia
Species:
E. hypericifolia
Binomial name
Euphorbia hypericifolia
L.
Synonyms [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]
  • Anisophyllum Hypericifolium (L.)
  • Anisophyllum indicum (Lam.) Schweinf.
  • Anisophyllum lasiocarpum (Klotzsch)
  • Chamaesyce Hypericifolia (L.) Millsp.
  • Anisophyllunm lasiocarpum (Klotzsch) Klotzsch & Garcke
  • Anisophyllum lasiocarpum Klotzsch & Garcke
  • Chamaesyce boliviana (Rusby) Croizat
  • Chamaesyce glomerifera Millsp.
  • Chamaesyce hypericifolia (L.) Millsp.
  • Chamaesyce indica (Lam.) Croizat
  • Chamaesyce lasiocarpa (Klotzsch) Arthur
  • Ditritea obliqua (Raf.)
  • Euphorbia boliviana Rusby
  • Euphorbia cuspidata Bertol., nom. illeg.
  • Euphorbia glomerifera (Millsp) LC. Wheeler
  • Euphorbia hypericifolia Auct. Plur. ex Boiss.
  • Euphorbia hypericifolia Hochst. ex Boiss.
  • Euphorbia hypericifolia Phil. ex Klotzsch & Garcke
  • Euphorbia hypericifolia var. maculata Klotzsch
  • Euphorbia indica Lam.
  • Euphorbia lasiocarpa Klotzsch
  • Euphorbia papilligera Boiss.

Euphorbia hypericifolia (commonly known as graceful spurge, golden spurge, and chickenweed) is a species of perennial herb in the genus Euphorbia native to tropical Americas. It normally grows up to 2 feet (0.6 m) in height, and contains milky sap which can cause skin and eye irritation. [7] [8]

Contents

Description

Plant hairless on all parts, stems generally about 50 cm (rare outliers to 170 cm), obviously arching, few to many, with flowers and fruit capsules as conspicuous dense balls held a distance from the stem (FNA). (Confusion with other species such as E. hyssopifolia/nutans may occur where the balls have few flowers in which case they will lack interspersed leaves.)

Distribution

Chamaesyce Hypericifolia Starr 080609-8021 Chamaesyce hypericifolia.jpg
Chamaesyce Hypericifolia

The plant is native to Tropical Americas like most Euphorbias, the place where it is native includes Southern most parts of U.S, Mexico, West Indies, Central and South America. [9]

The places where this plant is an introduced species includes Spain, Italy, Greece, Indian subcontinent, China, South Korea, Myanmar, and parts of Indonesia  as well as Subsaharan Africa. [10]

Historical uses

According to James Mooney, the Cherokee Indians made use of the juice from this plant to cure skin eruptions. [11]

Related Research Articles

<i>Euphorbia</i> Genus of flowering plants in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae

Euphorbia is a very large and diverse genus of flowering plants, commonly called spurge, in the family Euphorbiaceae.

<i>Euphorbia mellifera</i> Species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae

Euphorbia mellifera, the Canary spurge or honey spurge, is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae, native to Madeira and the Canary Islands. It is an evergreen shrub or tree growing to 2.5 m (8.2 ft) tall and broad, with narrow leaves up to 20 cm (8 in) long. In spring it produces brown, honey-scented flowers.

<i>Euphorbia esula</i> Species of plant

Euphorbia esula, commonly known as green spurge or leafy spurge, is a species of spurge native to central and southern Europe, and eastward through most of Asia north of the Himalaya to Korea and eastern Siberia. It can also be found in some parts of Alaska.

<i>Euphorbia heterophylla</i> Species of plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, native to tropical and subtropical America

Euphorbia heterophylla, also known under the common names of Mexican fireplant, painted euphorbia, Japanese poinsettia, paintedleaf, painted spurge and milkweed, is a plant belonging to the Euphorbiaceae or spurge family.

<i>Euphorbia helioscopia</i> Species of flowering plant

Euphorbia helioscopia, the sun spurge or madwoman's milk, is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae. It is a herbaceous annual plant, native to most of Europe, northern Africa, and eastward through most of Asia.

<i>Euphorbia myrsinites</i> Species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae

Euphorbia myrsinites, the myrtle spurge, blue spurge, or broad-leaved glaucous-spurge, is a succulent species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae.

<i>Euphorbia tithymaloides</i> Species of plant

Euphorbia tithymaloides is a perennial succulent spurge. An erect shrub, the plant is also known by the scientific name Pedilanthus tithymaloides. However, the genus Pedilanthus has been subsumed into the genus Euphorbia, and is more correctly known by its new name.

<i>Euphorbia milii</i> Species of plant

Euphorbia milii, the crown of thorns, Christ plant, or Christ's thorn, is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae, native to Madagascar. The species name commemorates Baron Milius, once Governor of Réunion, who introduced the species to France in 1821.

<i>Euphorbia lathyris</i> Flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae

Euphorbia lathyris, the caper spurge or paper spurge, is a species of spurge native to southern Europe, northwest Africa, and eastward through southwest Asia to western China.

<i>Euphorbia peplus</i> Species of plant

Euphorbia peplus, is a species of Euphorbia, native to most of Europe, northern Africa and western Asia, where it typically grows in cultivated arable land, gardens and other disturbed land.

<i>Euphorbia maculata</i> Species of plant

Euphorbia maculata, known as spotted spurge, prostrate spurge, milk purslane, or spotted sandmat, is a fast-growing annual plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. While it is native to North America, where it is a common garden and lawn weed in the United States, it has become a common introduced species throughout the world, including Europe, Japan, Korea, Australia, and New Zealand.

<i>Euphorbia corollata</i> Species of flowering plant

Euphorbia corollata is an herbaceous perennial plant in the family Euphorbiaceae that is native to North America. A common name for the species is flowering spurge. It has a milky sap that can cause skin and eye irritation in some people. It grows up to 1 m (3 ft) tall, with smooth stems and light green leaves arranged alternately or in whorls. Leaves are about 10 mm wide and 75 mm (3 in) long. Each stem terminates in a panicle 20 to 25 mm across. Flowers are about 6 mm across and consist of one pistillate and several staminate flowers surrounded by five white bracts - not petals but formed from the involucre at the base of the flowers. Flowering spurge blooms from June to September.

<i>Euphorbia prostrata</i> Species of flowering plant

Euphorbia prostrata is a species of spurge known by the common name prostrate spurge or prostrate sandmat.

<i>Euphorbia balsamifera</i> Species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae

Euphorbia balsamifera is a flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae. It is distributed in the Canary Islands and the western Sahara. It is the vegetable symbol of the island of Lanzarote. Euphorbia adenensis has been treated as a subspecies of this species.

<i>Euphorbia palustris</i> Species of flowering plant

Euphorbia palustris, the marsh spurge or marsh euphorbia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, native to marshland throughout much of mainland Europe and western Asia. It is an herbaceous perennial growing to 90 cm (35 in) tall and wide, with narrow leaves turning red and yellow in autumn, and persistent, bright acid yellow flower-heads (cyathia), 15 cm (6 in) across, in spring.

<i>Euphorbia rigida</i> Species of flowering plant

Euphorbia rigida, the gopher spurge or upright myrtle spurge, is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae, native to southern Europe and southwest Asia. Growing to 50 cm (20 in) tall and broad, it is a bushy evergreen perennial with somewhat fleshy leaves arranged in a spiral, bearing bunches of bright yellow flowers in late Spring.

<i>Euphorbia cotinifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

Euphorbia cotinifolia is a broadleaf red shrub native to Mexico and South America. Treated as a shrub, it reaches 10 to 15 ft but can be grown as a tree reaching 30 ft (9.1 m). Small white flowers with creamy bracts bloom at the ends of the branches in summer. The purplish stems, when broken, exude a sap that is a skin irritant.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eastern Asia (WGSRPD)</span>

Eastern Asia is one of the regions of temperate Asia defined in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) for use in recording the distribution of plants. It is very much smaller than common definitions of East Asia. It consists of the Korean Peninsula, Japan, and Taiwan. Some islands belonging to Japan politically, such as Marcus Island (Minami-Tori-shima), have greater floristic affinity with similar Pacific islands and are placed in the botanical continent of the Pacific.

<i>Curio herreanus</i> Species of flowering plant

Curio herreanus, syn. Senecio herreanus, which is also known as string of watermelons, string of beads, gooseberry plant and string of raindrops, is a flowering succulent plant in the daisy family Asteraceae that is native to Namibia. It is grown as an ornamental plant and is very similar in appearance to 'string of pearls', where the names may be conflated.

Richard Kenneth "Dick" Brummitt was a British botanist.

References

  1. "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org.
  2. Quattrocchi, Umberto (April 19, 2016). CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology (5 Volume Set). CRC Press. ISBN   9781482250640 via Google Books.
  3. Nowick, Elaine (October 11, 2014). Historical Common Names of Great Plains Plants, with Scientific Names Index: Volume II: Scientific Names Index. Lulu.com. ISBN   9781609620608 via Google Books.
  4. Brummitt, R.K. (2001). World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (PDF) (2nd ed.). Taxonomic Databases for Plant Sciences (TDWG). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-01-25.
  5. "Euphorbia hypericifolia L. GRIN-Global".
  6. Linné, Carl von; Salvius, Lars (July 11, 1753). Caroli Linnaei ... Species plantarum :exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas... Vol. 1. Impensis Laurentii Salvii.
  7. "Euphorbia hypericifolia (Baby's-breath Euphorbia, Fluxweed, Garden Spurge, Graceful Sandmat, Graceful Spurge, Large-spotted Spurge) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox". plants.ces.ncsu.edu.
  8. "Euphorbia hypericifolia| International Plant Names Index". www.ipni.org.
  9. Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
  10. "Euphorbia hypericifolia L. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online.
  11. Mooney, James (1891). "The Sacred Formulas of the Cherokees". Seventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. pp. 301–398. OCLC   747738317., s.v. Selected List of Plants Used