| Fermanagh and Tyrone | |
|---|---|
| Former County Constituency for the Parliament of Northern Ireland | |
 Fermanagh and Tyrone shown within Northern Ireland | |
| Former constituency | |
| Created | 1921 |
| Abolished | 1929 |
| Election method | Single transferable vote |
Fermanagh and Tyrone was a county constituency of the Parliament of Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1929. It returned eight MPs, using proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
Fermanagh and Tyrone was created by the Government of Ireland Act 1920 and consisted of the entirety of County Fermanagh and County Tyrone. The House of Commons (Method of Voting and Redistribution of Seats) Act (Northern Ireland) 1929 divided the constituency into eight constituencies elected under first past the post: East Tyrone, Enniskillen, Lisnaskea, Mid Tyrone, North Tyrone, South Fermanagh, South Tyrone and West Tyrone. [1]
In May 1921, Dáil Éireann, the parliament of the self-declared Irish Republic run by Sinn Féin, passed a resolution declaring that elections to the House of Commons of Northern Ireland and the House of Commons of Southern Ireland would be used as the election for the Second Dáil. [2] All those elected were on the roll of the Second Dáil, but only three of the 8 MPs elected for Fermanagh and Tyrone also sat as TDs in Dáil Éireann: Arthur Griffith and Seán Milroy, both of whom were also elected for Clare, and Seán O'Mahony. [3] O'Mahony was the only Sinn Féin TD in the Second Dáil who represented only a constituency in Northern Ireland.
Fermanagh and Tyrone had a slight Nationalist majority, but this was fairly evenly balanced with a Unionist minority. In both elections, four Unionists were elected, alongside three Sinn Féin members and one Nationalist in 1921, and four Nationalists in 1925.
| Election | Member (Party) | Member (Party) | Member (Party) | Member (Party) | Member (Party) | Member (Party) | Member (Party) | Member (Party) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MPs (1921) | Arthur Griffith (Sinn Féin) | Edward Archdale (Ulster Unionist) | William Coote (Ulster Unionist) | William Thomas Miller (Ulster Unionist) | James Cooper (Ulster Unionist) | Thomas Harbison (Nationalist Party) | Seán O'Mahony (Sinn Féin) | Seán Milroy (Sinn Féin) | ||||||||
| MPs (1925) | Alexander Donnelly (Nationalist Party) | Rowley Elliott (Ulster Unionist) | Cahir Healy (Nationalist Party) | John McHugh (Nationalist Party) | ||||||||||||
| (1921–72) |
 |
|---|
| Party | Candidate | FPv% | Count | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | ||||
| Sinn Féin | Arthur Griffith | 25.9 | 21,677 | ||||||||||
| UUP | Edward Archdale | 12.3 | 10,336 | ||||||||||
| UUP | William Coote | 11.5 | 9,672 | ||||||||||
| UUP | William Thomas Miller | 10.9 | 9,165 | 9,343 | |||||||||
| UUP | James Cooper | 10.5 | 8,754 | 8,762 | 9,789 | ||||||||
| Nationalist | Thomas Harbison | 8.5 | 7,090 | 7,754 | 7,754 | 7,771 | 7,806 | 7,807 | 7,814 | 7,886 | 7,992 | 9,444 | |
| Nationalist | J. P. Gillin | 6.7 | 5,591 | 5,782 | 5,784 | 5,824 | 5,832 | 5,832 | 5,842 | 5,867 | 6,115 | 8,109 | |
| Sinn Féin | Seán O'Mahony | 5.9 | 4,979 | 5,211 | 5,211 | 5,215 | 7,085 | 7,118 | 7,119 | 7,975 | 12,752 | ||
| Sinn Féin | Kevin Roantree O'Shiel | 5.3 | 4,464 | 4,994 | 4,995 | 5,004 | 5,236 | 5,238 | 5,239 | 5,330 | |||
| Sinn Féin | Seán Milroy | 2.2 | 1,846 | 11,556 | |||||||||
| Sinn Féin | Seán MacEntee | 0.2 | 179 | 1,037 | 1,037 | 1,065 | 1,170 | 1,171 | 1,172 | ||||
| Electorate: 95,272 Valid: 83,753 Quota: 9,306 Turnout: 87.9% | |||||||||||||
| Party | Candidate | FPv% | Count | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | ||||
| Nationalist | Alexander Donnelly | 14.6 | 12,098 | ||||||||
| UUP | Edward Archdale | 14.3 | 11,834 | ||||||||
| UUP | Rowley Elliott | 12.2 | 10,115 | ||||||||
| UUP | William Thomas Miller | 11.6 | 9,593 | ||||||||
| Nationalist | Cahir Healy | 11.1 | 9,191 | 9,358 | |||||||
| UUP | James Cooper | 10.8 | 8,923 | 8,935 | 11,569 | ||||||
| Nationalist | Thomas Harbison | 10.0 | 8,257 | 10,920 | |||||||
| Nationalist | John McHugh | 8.0 | 6,584 | 6,617 | 6,620 | 6,716 | 6,743 | 6,848 | 8,328 | 8,337 | |
| Republican | Thomas Larkin | 5.4 | 4,483 | 4,504 | 4,507 | 4,560 | 4,585 | 4,607 | 4,838 | 4,840 | |
| Republican | Seán O'Mahoney | 2.0 | 1,652 | 1,661 | 1,662 | 1,672 | 1,681 | 1,692 | 1,708 | 1,713 | |
| Electorate: 96,388 Valid: 82,730 Quota: 9,193 Turnout: 85.8% | |||||||||||
The Second Dáil was Dáil Éireann as it convened from 16 August 1921 until 8 June 1922. From 1919 to 1922, Dáil Éireann was the revolutionary parliament of the self-proclaimed Irish Republic. The Second Dáil consisted of members elected at the 1921 elections, but with only members of Sinn Féin taking their seats. On 7 January 1922, it ratified the Anglo-Irish Treaty by 64 votes to 57 which ended the War of Independence and led to the establishment of the Irish Free State on 6 December 1922.
The members of the First Dáil, known as Teachtaí Dála (TDs), were the 101 Members of Parliament (MPs) returned from constituencies in Ireland at the 1918 United Kingdom general election. In its first general election, Sinn Féin won 73 seats and viewed the result as a mandate for independence; in accordance with its declared policy of abstentionism, its 69 MPs refused to attend the British House of Commons in Westminster, and established a revolutionary parliament known as Dáil Éireann. The other Irish MPs — 26 unionists and six from the Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP) — sat at Westminster and for the most part ignored the invitation to attend the Dáil. Thomas Harbison, IPP MP for North East Tyrone, did acknowledge the invitation, but "stated he should decline for obvious reasons". The Dáil met for the first time on 21 January 1919 in Mansion House in Dublin. Only 27 members attended; most of the other Sinn Féin TDs were imprisoned by the British authorities, or in hiding under threat of arrest. All 101 MPs were considered TDs, and their names were called out on the roll of membership, though there was some laughter when Irish Unionist Alliance leader Edward Carson was described as as láthair ("absent"). The database of members of the Oireachtas includes for the First Dáil only those elected for Sinn Féin.
There were two elections in Ireland on 24 May 1921, as a result of the Government of Ireland Act 1920 to establish the House of Commons of Northern Ireland and the House of Commons of Southern Ireland. A resolution of Dáil Éireann on 10 May 1921 held that these elections were to be regarded as elections to Dáil Éireann and that all those returned at these elections be regarded as members of Dáil Éireann. According to this theory of Irish republicanism, these elections provided the membership of the Second Dáil. The Second Dáil lasted 388 days.
South Tyrone was a UK Parliament constituency in Ireland which returned one Member of Parliament from 1885 to 1922, using the first past the post electoral system.
North Fermanagh was a UK Parliament constituency in Ireland which returned one Member of Parliament from 1885 to 1922, using the first past the post electoral system.
South Fermanagh was a UK Parliament constituency in Ireland.
Cromac, a division of Belfast, was a UK parliamentary constituency in Ireland. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 1922, using the first past the post electoral system.
Falls, a division of Belfast, was a UK parliamentary constituency in Ireland. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 1922, using the first past the post electoral system.
Mid Down was a UK parliamentary constituency in Ireland. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the British House of Commons from 1918 to 1922, using the first past the post electoral system.
North East Tyrone was a parliamentary constituency in Ireland. From 1918 to 1922 it returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first-past-the-post voting system.
North West Tyrone was a UK parliamentary constituency in Ireland. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the British House of Commons from 1918 to 1922.
Armagh was a county constituency of the Parliament of Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1929. It returned four MPs, using proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
Seán O'Mahony was an Irish Sinn Féin politician and member of the First and Second Dáil.
Belfast West was a borough constituency of the Parliament of Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1929. It returned four MPs, using proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
Belfast South was a borough constituency of the Parliament of Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1929. It returned four MPs, using proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
Belfast East was a borough constituency of the Parliament of Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1929. It returned four MPs, using proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
Londonderry was a county constituency of the Parliament of Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1929. It returned five MPs, using proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
The Anglo-Irish Treaty was signed in London on 6 December 1921 and Dáil Éireann voted to approve the treaty on 7 January 1922, following a debate through late December 1921 and into January 1922. The vote was 64 in favour, 57 against, with the Ceann Comhairle and 3 others not voting. The Sinn Féin party split into opposing sides in the aftermath of the Treaty vote, which led to the Irish Civil War from June 1922 to May 1923.
Down was a county constituency of the Parliament of Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1929. It returned eight MPs, using proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
Antrim was a county constituency of the Parliament of Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1929. It returned seven MPs, using proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.