List of political parties in Northern Ireland

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Political parties in Northern Ireland lists political parties in Northern Ireland. The Northern Ireland Assembly is elected by single transferable vote and the composition of the Northern Ireland Executive is by power sharing determined by the D'Hondt system, among the members elected to the Assembly. Party affiliation is generally based on religious and ethnic background.

Contents

Although Northern Ireland is a part of the United Kingdom, it has a quite distinct party system from the rest of the country, as the Labour Party and Liberal Democrats do not contest elections there (though the Liberal Democrats have links with the Alliance Party), and the Conservative Party has received only limited support in recent elections.

Some parties, such as Sinn Féin and the Workers' Party, are organised on an all-Ireland basis. Others such as the Conservative Party are organised on an all-United Kingdom basis. There are many Northern Ireland-specific parties and these, on the whole, predominate.

The distinction between "unionist/loyalist", "nationalist/republican" and "other" is not always easy with some parties and individuals. Some have defined themselves less by their position on the "Border Question" than on other political issues.

For example, the former Republican Labour Party/Social Democratic and Labour Party MP Gerry Fitt's career suggests he was first and foremost a socialist rather than a nationalist and he eventually left the SDLP claiming it had drifted from its founding intentions. Similarly the Workers' Party has its roots in the republican Official IRA but nowadays is considered to be a non-violent socialist and nationalist party. Several parties strive to be avowedly non-sectarian and would not consider themselves to be either unionist or nationalist. The Northern Ireland Assembly requires MLAs to designate themselves either "Unionist", "Nationalist" or "Other." This is a designation that is particularly resented by those who designate as "Other", as they have no input on who becomes First or Deputy First Minister.

There are some who see the terms "Unionist"/"Loyalist" and "Nationalist"/"Republican" as being of more relevance to the community that the party seeks to represent rather than the position on the border question. Several of the "Other" parties strive to be non-sectarian but have a clear position on the border.

Political parties with elected representation at a local, national, UK or European level

Party details

PartyFoundedPolitical
position		Ideology Designation Leader(s) Local
government 		Northern Ireland Assembly House of Commons
(NI Seats)		 House of Lords

Sinn Féin
English: We ourselves [Note 1] 		1905
1970 (current form)
[Note 2] 		Centre-left [1] to
left-wing [2] 		Irish republicanism
Democratic socialism
Left-wing nationalism 		Nationalist Michelle O'Neill (cropped from Martin McGuinness, Michelle O'Neill, Mary Lou McDonald and Gerry Adams).jpg Michelle O'Neill [Note 3]
144 / 462
27 / 90
—

Democratic Unionist Party 		1971 Right-wing [3] [4] British unionism
British nationalism
National conservatism
Right-wing populism
Euroscepticism 		Unionist Official portrait of Gavin Robinson MP crop 2.jpg Gavin Robinson
122 / 462
25 / 90
8 / 18
6 / 779
Alliance Party of Northern Ireland logo.svg
Alliance Party of Northern Ireland 		1970 Centre-left [5] Liberalism [6] [7] [8]
Nonsectarianism [9] [10]
Pro-Europeanism [11] 		Other Naomi Long MLA.jpg Naomi Long
67 / 462
17 / 90
1 / 18
0 / 779
[Note 4]

Ulster Unionist Party 		1905 Centre-right [12]
Unionist Doug Beattie.png Doug Beattie
54 / 462
9 / 90
—
2 / 779
Social Democratic and Labour Party Logo 2020.png
Social Democratic and Labour Party 		1970 Centre-left [15] [16] Nationalist Colum Eastwood MLA.JPG Colum Eastwood
39 / 462
8 / 90
2 / 18
0 / 779
[Note 5]
Logo of the Traditional Unionist Voice.svg
Traditional Unionist Voice 		2007 Right-wing [18] Unionist JimAllister.jpg Jim Allister
10 / 462
1 / 90
——
People Before Profit logo.svg
People Before Profit 		2005 Left-wing [21] to far-left [22] Trotskyism [23]
Socialism [24]
Anti-capitalism [25]
Irish reunification [26] 		Other [Note 6] — Collective leadership
2 / 462
1 / 90
——
Green Party NI logo.svg
Green Party NI 		1985 Centre-left to left-wing Green politics [13]
Nonsectarianism
Pro-Europeanism [11] 		Other— Malachai O'Hara
5 / 462
———
Progressive Unionist Party logo.svg
Progressive Unionist Party 		1985 Centre-left [27] [28] to
left-wing [28] 		British unionism
Ulster loyalism
Democratic socialism [29] [30]
Social democracy 		Unionist —Russell Watton
1 / 462
———

Northern Ireland Conservatives 		1989 Centre-right British unionism
Conservatism
Economic liberalism 		Unionist —Paul Leeman———
3 / 779

Party representation

PartyRepresentation (as of 3 October 2023) [31]
UK Parliament Assembly Local councils
House of Commons House of Lords
Sinn Féin 7027144
Democratic Unionist Party 8625122
Alliance Party of Northern Ireland 10 [nb 1] 1767
Ulster Unionist Party 02954
Social Democratic and Labour Party 20 [nb 2] 839
Traditional Unionist Voice 00110
People Before Profit 0012
Green Party Northern Ireland 0005
Progressive Unionist Party 0001
Aontú 0000
Northern Ireland Conservatives 0300
    1. ↑ Lord Alderdice, leader of the Alliance from 1987–98, has sat in the Lords since 1996, taking the Lib Dem whip.
    2. ↑ Margaret Ritchie, leader of the SDLP from 2010–11, has sat in the Lords since 2019, resigning from the party to do so.

    Other registered parties

    Unionist and loyalist

    PartyFoundedPolitical
    position    		IdeologyLeader(s)

    Heritage Party     		2020 Right-wing Euroscepticism
    British unionism
    British nationalism
    Social conservatism
    Right-wing populism
    		David Kurten.jpg David Kurten

    Nationalist and republican

    PartyFoundedPolitical
    position    		IdeologyLeader(s)

    Aontú
    English: Unity    		2019— Anti-abortion [32]
    Irish republicanism [33]
    Social conservatism [34]
    Soft Euroscepticism [35]     		Peadar Toibin (official portrait) (cropped).jpg Peadar Tóibín
    Communist Party of Ireland.svg
    Communist Party of Ireland
    Irish: An Páirtí Cumannach na hÉireann    		1933
    1970 (refoundation)    		 Far-left Communism
    Marxism-Leninism
    Irish reunification     		—Jimmy Corcoran (General Secretary)
    Logo of the Fianna Fail.svg
    Fianna Fáil
    English: Warriors of Fál or
    Soldiers of Destiny     [Note 7]     		1926 Centre [38] [39] [40] to
    centre-right [41] [42] [43]     		Irish republicanism
    Conservatism
    Christian democracy
    Populism     		Micheal Martin TD (cropped).jpg Micheál Martin
    IRSP logo, circa 2022.png
    Irish Republican Socialist Party     		1974 Far-left Communism
    Marxism-Leninism
    Irish republicanism
    Dissident republicanism
    Hard euroscepticism     		— Ard Chomhairle
    English: National Executive

    Republican Network for Unity     		2007 Left-wing Irish republicanism
    Dissident republicanism
    Socialism     		——

    Saoradh
    English: Liberation    		2016 Far-left [44] [45] Irish republicanism
    Dissident republicanism [46]
    Revolutionary socialism
    Hard Euroscepticism [47]
    Anti-imperialism     		—Stephen Murney

    Workers' Party
    Irish: An Páirtí na nOibrithe    		1905 Far-left Communism
    Marxism-Leninism
    Irish republicanism     		— Collective leadership

    Others

    PartyFoundedPolitical
    position    		IdeologyLeader(s)Notes

    Cross-Community Labour Alternative     		2015 Left-wing Democratic socialism
    Anti-capitalism
    Nonsectarianism     		—Owen McCracken—

    Labour Party in Northern Ireland     		1900 Centre-left Social democracy
    Democratic socialism     		—Erskine Holmes UK Labour has historically had a policy not to stand in Northern Ireland. Until recently it was not possible for residents to even join the party; however this was changed on legal advice. An officially recognised branch party was set up in 2003. SDLP MPs unofficially take the Labour whip.

    Northern Ireland Liberal Democrats     		1988 Centre-left Liberalism
    Social liberalism
    Nonsectarianism
    Pro-Europeanism     		—Stephen GlennThe Liberal Democrats currently have a policy not to stand in Northern Ireland but to support their sister party, the Alliance Party, with many holding dual-membership, and Alliance peers take the Liberal Democrat whip.

    Socialist Party     		1996 Left-wing to far-left Democratic socialism
    Political radicalism [48]
    Trotskyism [49]
    Euroscepticism [50]     		— Collective leadership —

    Unregistered parties

    Candidates for unregistered parties may choose either to be listed as "Non-Party", or to leave the section blank on the ballot paper, in the same manner as independent candidates.

    Inactive parties

    Unionist and loyalist

    Nationalist and Republican

    Others

    Flowchart of all political parties in Northern Ireland

    A flowchart illustrating all the political parties that have existed throughout the history of Northern Ireland and leading up to its formation. Political Parties of Northern Ireland.png
    A flowchart illustrating all the political parties that have existed throughout the history of Northern Ireland and leading up to its formation.

    Party leaders

    Party leaders serving 10 years or more are

    LeaderYearsParty/PeriodConstituency
    Ian Paisley 42y Protestant Unionist Party 1966–1971
    Democratic Unionist Party 1971–2008    		 Bannside, North Antrim
    Ruairí Ó Brádaigh 36y Sinn Féin 1970–1983
    Republican Sinn Féin 1986–2009
    Gerry Adams 35y Sinn Féin 1983–2018 West Belfast, Louth
    William Norton 28y Irish Labour 1932–1960
    Tomás Mac Giolla 26y Sinn Féin 1962–1970
    Official Sinn Féin 1970–1977
    Sinn Féin The Workers' Party 1977–1982
    Workers' Party 1982–1988
    Hugh Smyth 23y Progressive Unionist Party 1979–2002
    John Hume 22y Social Democratic and Labour Party 1979–2001 Foyle
    Albert McElroy 19y Ulster Liberal Party 1956–1975 (?)
    Lord Craigavon 19y Ulster Unionist Party 1921–1940 Down, North Down
    John Redmond 18y Irish Parliamentary Party 1900–1918 Waterford City
    Lord Brookeborough 17y Ulster Unionist Party 1946–1963 Lisnaskea
    James Molyneaux 16y Ulster Unionist Party 1979–1995 South Antrim, Lagan Valley
    Joseph Devlin 16y Nationalist Party 1918–1934 Belfast Falls, Fermanagh and Tyrone, Belfast Central
    Gerry Fitt 15y Republican Labour Party 1964–1970
    Social Democratic and Labour Party 1970–1979    		 Belfast West, Belfast Dock
    James Kilfedder 15y Ulster Popular Unionist Party 1980–1995 North Down
    David Ford 15y Alliance Party 2001–2016 South Antrim
    Margaret Buckley 13y Sinn Féin 1937–1950
    Robert McCartney 13y UK Unionist Party 1995–2008 North Down
    James McSparran 13y Nationalist Party 1945–1958 Mourne
    Oliver Napier 12y Alliance Party 1972–1984 Belfast East
    Thomas Joseph Campbell 11y Nationalist Party 1934–1945 Belfast Central
    Sir Edward Carson 11y Ulster Unionist Party 1910–1921 Dublin University, Belfast Duncairn
    John Alderdice 11y Alliance Party 1987–1998 Belfast East
    David Trimble 10y Ulster Unionist Party 1995–2005 Upper Bann

    See also

    Notes

    1. ↑ A frequent mistranslation is "Ourselves Alone" from Sinn Féin Amháin , an early 20th-Century slogan.
    2. ↑ The current party known as Sinn Féin broke from the party then known as Sinn Féin in 1970 and was initially commonly referred to as Provisional Sinn Féin.
    3. ↑ Although Mary Lou McDonald is the party president, O’Neill serves as vice-president and as First Minister-designate, functions as the party’s leader in Northern Ireland.
    4. ↑ Lord Alderdice, leader of the Alliance from 1987–98, has sat in the Lords since 1996, taking the Liberal Democrat whip.
    5. ↑ Margaret Ritchie, leader of the SDLP from 2010–11, has sat in the Lords since 2019 as a Labour peer, resigning from the SDLP to do so.
    6. ↑ In the Northern Ireland Assembly, the party's MLAs sign the register as "socialist" when asked if they are "unionist" or "nationalist", resulting in an official designation of "Other". However, People Before Profit is in favour of Irish reunification.
    7. ↑ Since 2007, Fianna Fáil has been officially registered in Northern Ireland, but has not formally fielded any election candidates as of yet, despite members passing motions to at successive árdfheiseanna. [36] Ógra Fianna Fáil launched cumainn (branches) at QUB and UU in the same year. From 2019 to 2022, it was in partnership with the SDLP. [37]

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