Pro-Europeanism

Pro-European participants attending the Pulse of Europe rally in Cologne, Germany (2017)

Pro-Europeanism, sometimes called European Unionism, ^{[1] [2]} is a political position that favours European integration and membership of the European Union (EU). ^[3] The opposite of Pro-Europeanism is Euroscepticism.

Political position

Percentage responding that their country on balance benefited from being a member of the EU at Eurobarometer 2023:

91–100%   81–90%   71–80%

61–70%   51–60%

Pro-Europeans are mostly classified as centrist (Renew Europe) in the context of European politics, including centre-right liberal conservatives (EPP Group) and centre-left social democrats (S&D and Greens/EFA). Pro-Europeanism is ideologically closely related to the European and Global liberal movement. ^{[5] [6] [7] [8]}

Pro-EU political parties

Main article: List of pro-European political parties

Pan-European level

• EU: Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party, ^[9] European Free Alliance, ^[10] European Green Party, ^[11] European People's Party, ^[9] Party of European Socialists, ^[9] Volt Europa ^[12]

Within the EU

• Austria: Austrian People's Party, ^[13] Social Democratic Party of Austria, ^[14] NEOS – The New Austria, ^[15] The Greens – The Green Alternative, Volt Austria
• Belgium: Reformist Mouvement, Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats, ^[16] Socialist Party, Vooruit, Christian Democratic and Flemish, Les Engagés, Ecolo, Green, Democratic Federalist Independent, Volt Belgium
• Bulgaria: We Continue the Change, Yes, Bulgaria!, Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria, ^[17] Union of Democratic Forces, ^{[18] [19] [17]} Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria, ^[17] Bulgarian Socialist Party (factions), ^{[20] [21]} Volt Bulgaria, Republicans for Bulgaria, ^[22] Stand Up.BG, United People's Party, Bulgaria for Citizens Movement, Movement 21
• Croatia: Croatian Democratic Union, ^[23] Social Democratic Party of Croatia, Croatian Peasant Party, Croatian People's Party – Liberal Democrats, Civic Liberal Alliance, Istrian Democratic Assembly, People's Party – Reformists, Croatian Social Liberal Party, Centre
• Cyprus: Democratic Rally, Democratic Party, Movement for Social Democracy, Democratic Alignment, New Wave – The Other Cyprus, Volt Cyprus
• Czech Republic: Mayors and Independents, TOP 09, ^[24] Czech Pirate Party, ^[25] KDU-ČSL, ^[26] Social Democracy, ^[27] Green Party, ^[28] Volt Czech Republic
• Denmark: Social Democrats, ^[29] Venstre, ^[30] Danish Social Liberal Party, ^[31] Conservative People's Party, ^[32] Moderates, Volt Denmark
• Estonia: Estonian Reform Party, Estonian Social Democratic Party, ^[33] Estonia 200, Isamaa, Estonian Greens
• Finland: National Coalition Party, Social Democratic Party of Finland, Centre Party, Green League, Swedish People's Party of Finland
• France: Renaissance, Democratic Movement, The Republicans, Socialist Party, Public Place, Radical Party of the Left, Europe Ecology – The Greens, The New Democrats, Génération.s, Radical Party, Union of Democrats and Independents, New Deal, Agir, En Commun, Horizons, Territories of Progress, Progressive Federation, Centrist Alliance, The Centrists, Ecologist Party, Democratic European Force, Volt France
• Germany: Christian Democratic Union, Social Democratic Party of Germany, Alliance 90/The Greens, Free Democratic Party, Christian Social Union in Bavaria, Die PARTEI, ^[34] Volt Germany
• Greece: New Democracy, Syriza, PASOK – Movement for Change, Union of Centrists, Movement of Democratic Socialists, Volt Greece
• Hungary: Democratic Coalition, Jobbik, Hungarian Socialist Party, Momentum Movement, Dialogue – The Greens' Party, LMP – Hungary's Green Party, Hungarian Liberal Party, New Start
• Ireland: Fine Gael, Fianna Fáil, Labour Party, Social Democrats, Green Party, Volt Ireland
• Italy: Democratic Party, Forza Italia, Italia Viva, Italian Left, More Europe, Volt Italy, Civic Commitment, Action, Italian Socialist Party, Social Democrats, Italian Republican Party, Solidary Democracy, Green Europe, Italian Radicals, Possible, Us of the Centre, Europeanists, Centrists for Europe, Moderates, Article One, European Republicans Movement, Forza Europa, Liberal Democratic Alliance for Italy, Alliance of the Centre (Italy), èViva, Sicilian Socialist Party, Team K
• Latvia: Unity, The Progressives, For Latvia's Development, Movement For!, The Conservatives
• Lithuania: Homeland Union, Social Democratic Party of Lithuania, Liberals' Movement, Union of Democrats "For Lithuania", Freedom Party, Lithuanian Green Party
• Luxembourg: Christian Social People's Party, Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party, Democratic Party, The Greens, Volt Luxembourg
• Malta: Nationalist Party, Labour Party (factions), AD+PD, Volt Malta
• Netherlands: Democrats 66, People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, Labour Party, Christian Democratic Appeal, GroenLinks, Volt Netherlands
• Poland: Civic Platform, Poland 2050, Polish People's Party, New Left, .Modern, Left Together, Your Movement, The Greens, Polish Initiative, Union of European Democrats, Polish Socialist Party ^[35]
• Portugal: Social Democratic Party, Socialist Party, Liberal Initiative, LIVRE, People–Animals–Nature Party, Volt Portugal
• Romania: Save Romania Union, National Liberal Party, People's Movement Party, Renewing Romania's European Project, PRO Romania, ^[36] Green Party, NOW Party, Volt Romania
• Slovakia: Progressive Slovakia, Christian Democratic Movement, Slovakia, Democrats, For the People, Voice – Social Democracy, Hungarian Alliance, Volt Slovakia
• Slovenia: Freedom Movement, Social Democrats, ^[37] New Slovenia, ^[38] Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia, Slovenian People's Party ^[39]
• Spain: People's Party, Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, Citizens, Volt Spain
• Sweden: Swedish Social Democratic Party, Moderate Party, Centre Party, Liberals, Christian Democrats, Volt Sweden

Outside the EU

• Albania: Democratic Party of Albania, Socialist Party of Albania, Freedom Party of Albania, Libra Party, Social Democratic Party of Albania, Republican Party of Albania, Unity for Human Rights Party, Alliance for Equality and European Justice, Volt Albania
• Armenia: Armenian Democratic Liberal Party, Armenian National Movement Party, Bright Armenia, Christian-Democratic Rebirth Party, Civil Contract, Conservative Party, European Party of Armenia, For The Republic Party, Free Democrats, Heritage, Liberal Democratic Union of Armenia, Meritocratic Party of Armenia, National Progress Party of Armenia, People's Party of Armenia, Republic Party, Rule of Law, Sasna Tsrer Pan-Armenian Party, Social Democrat Hunchakian Party, Sovereign Armenia Party, Union for National Self-Determination
• Belarus: Belarusian Christian Democracy, BPF Party, United Democratic Forces of Belarus, Party of Freedom and Progress, United Civic Party of Belarus, Belarusian Social Democratic Party (Assembly), Belarusian Social Democratic Assembly
• Bosnia and Herzegovina: Party of Democratic Action, Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Social Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Democratic Front, People and Justice, Party of Democratic Progress, Our Party, People's European Union, For New Generations, Union for a Better Future, Independent Bloc
• Georgia: United National Movement, Ahali, For Georgia, Lelo, European Georgia, Girchi - More Freedom, Strategy Aghmashenebeli, Republican Party of Georgia, Georgian Labour Party, For the People, Citizens, Droa, Free Democrats, For Justice, Tavisupleba, State for the People, National Democratic Party, Solidarity Alliance of Georgia
• Iceland: Social Democratic Alliance, Reform Party
• Kosovo: Alliance for the Future of Kosovo, ^[40] Democratic League of Kosovo, Partia e Fortë
• Moldova: Party of Action and Solidarity, National Alternative Movement, Liberal Party, European Social Democratic Party, Liberal Democratic Party, European People's Party, Pro Moldova, People's Party of the Republic of Moldova
• Montenegro: Europe Now!, Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro, Social Democratic Party of Montenegro, DEMOS, United Reform Action, Democratic Montenegro, Socialist People's Party, Liberal Party, Social Democrats, Bosniak Party, Civis, We won't give up Montenegro
• North Macedonia: Social Democratic Union, BESA, New Social Democratic Party, Democratic Union for Integration, Alliance for Albanians, Liberal Democratic Party, VMRO-NP
• Norway: Conservative Party, Labour Party (factions), Liberal Party ^[41]
• Russia: Yabloko, People's Freedom Party, Green Alternative, Russia of the Future, Democratic Party of Russia
• San Marino: Civic 10, Euro-Populars for San Marino, Future Republic, Party of Democrats, Party of Socialists and Democrats, ^[42] Sammarineses for Freedom, Socialist Party, ^[43] Union for the Republic ^[44]
• Serbia: Democratic Party, Social Democratic Party, Liberal Democratic Party, Movement of Free Citizens, People's Party, New Party, Serbian Progressive Party, Social Democratic Party of Serbia, Party of Freedom and Justice, Together for Serbia, Serbia 21, Civic Democratic Forum, Party of Modern Serbia, Movement for Reversal
• Switzerland: Social Democratic Party of Switzerland (factions), Green Party of Switzerland (factions), Green Liberal Party of Switzerland, Volt Switzerland
• Turkey: Democracy and Progress Party, Democratic Left Party, Democrat Party, Future Party, Good Party, Homeland Party, Liberal Democratic Party, Peoples' Democratic Party, Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party, Republican People's Party
• Ukraine: Servant of the People, Fatherland, European Solidarity, Voice, Self Reliance, Ukrainian People's Party, Our Ukraine, European Party of Ukraine, People's Front, Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform, Volt Ukraine
• United Kingdom: Liberal Democrats, ^{[45] [46]} Green Party of England and Wales, ^[47] Scottish National Party (SNP), ^[48] Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), ^[49] Scottish Greens, ^[50] Women's Equality Party, ^[51] Alliance Party of Northern Ireland, ^[52] Green Party Northern Ireland, ^[53] Plaid Cymru, Mebyon Kernow, ^[54] Alliance EPP: European People's Party UK, ^[55] Volt UK, Animal Welfare Party ^[56]

Pro-EU newspapers and magazines

Note: Media outside of Europe may also be included.

• Denmark: Dagbladet Børsen , Politiken
• France: Le Figaro , ^{[57] [58]} Le Monde , ^[59] Le Parisien
• Germany: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , ^[60] Der Spiegel , Süddeutsche Zeitung , ^[60] Der Tagesspiegel
• Hungary: Blikk
• Ireland: The Irish Times ^[61]
• Italy: Corriere della Sera , la Repubblica , La Stampa
• Japan: Chunichi Shimbun , Mainichi Shimbun
• Poland: Gazeta Wyborcza, Polityka
• South Korea: The Hankyoreh ^[62]
• Spain: El Confidencial , El País , El Mundo
• United Kingdom: Financial Times , ^[63] The Independent , The Guardian , The New European , The Economist

Multinational European partnerships

Main article: European integration

• Council of Europe: an international organization whose stated aim is to uphold human rights, democracy, rule of law in Europe and to promote European culture. It has 46 member states.
• European Political Community: an intergovernmental forum for political and strategic discussions about the future of Europe.
• Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe: the world's largest security-oriented intergovernmental organization, with 57 participating states mostly in Europe and the Northern Hemisphere.
• Paneuropean Union: the oldest European unification movement.

See also

• Eastern Partnership
• Euromyth
• European Federalist Party
• European Union as an emerging superpower
• Europeanism
• Eurosphere
• Eurovoc
• Euronest Parliamentary Assembly
• Federal Europe
• Federalisation of the European Union
• Liberalism in Europe
• List of European federalist political parties
• Pan-European identity
• Pan-Europeanism
• Politics of Europe
• Potential enlargement of the European Union
• Pulse of Europe Initiative
• United States of Europe
• Volt Europa
• WhyEurope

References

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63. Peter J. Anderson, Tony Weymouth, ed. (2014). Insulting the Public?: The British Press and the European Union. Routledge. p. 103. ISBN   9781317882831. The Financial Times Having looked at two of the leading pro-European broadsheets, it is time to examine the discourse of the third, and in many ways the most pro-European, that of the Financial Times.