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Telephone numbers in Europe are managed by the national telecommunications authorities of each country. Most country codes start with 3 and 4, but some countries that by the Copenhagen criteria are considered part of Europe have country codes starting on numbers most common outside of Europe (e.g. Faroe Islands of Denmark have a code starting on number 2, which is most common in Africa).
The international access code (dial out code) has been standardized as 00, as recommended by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
Country | Country code | National number length | Dialing plan * | International access code | National trunk prefix | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | 43 | 4 to 13 | variable | 00 | 0 | ||
Belgium | 32 | 8 to 10 | fixed with 0 | 00 | 0 | ||
Bulgaria | 359 | 7 to 9 | variable | 00 | 0 | ||
Croatia | 385 | 8 or 9 (some mobile) | variable | 00 | 0 | ||
Cyprus | 357 | 8 | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Czech Republic | 420 | 9 | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Denmark | 45 | 8 | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Estonia | 372 | 7 (fixed or mobile), 8 (mobile) | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Finland | 358 | 5 to 12 | variable | 00 | 0 | ||
France | 33 | 9 | fixed with 0 | 00 | 0 | ||
Germany | 49 | 3 to 12 | variable | 00 | 0 | ||
Greece | 30 | 4 to 5 (company numbers) 10 (fixed and mobile) | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Hungary | 36 | 8 (landline) or 9 (mobile) | variable | 00 | 06 | ||
Iceland | 354 | 7 (mobile and landline) or 9 (for 3xxxxxxxx) | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Ireland | 353 | 7 to 9; 10 (mobile voicemail and Northern Ireland) | variable | 00 | 0 | ||
Italy | 39 | 6 to 12 (generally 10) | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Latvia | 371 | 8 | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Liechtenstein | 423 | up to 12 (generally is 7) | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Lithuania | 370 | 8 | variable | 00 | 0 | ||
Luxembourg | 352 | 8 (fixed new numbering plan); 9 (mobile); 12 (mobile telematic); 4-11 (historic numbers still active) [1] | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Malta | 356 | 8 | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Netherlands | 31 | 9 | variable | 00 | 0 | ||
Norway | 47 | 4-12 (generally 8) | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Poland | 48 | 9 | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Portugal | 351 | 9 | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Romania | 40 | 9 | fixed with 0 | 00 | 0 | ||
Slovakia | 421 | 9 | variable | 00 | 0 | ||
Slovenia | 386 | 8 | variable | 00 | 0 | ||
Spain | 34 | 9 (3 for emergency services, 4 for phone companies, 5 and starting with 118 for telephonic information, 6 and starting with 116 for social interest and 5 or 6 with starting with other numbers that are not listed before for premium services) | fixed | 00 | – | ||
Sweden | 46 | 6 to 9 | 00 | 0 | |||
All European Economic Area member states apply the European Union roaming regulations. The regulation eventually led to the abolition of all roaming charges for temporary roaming when traveling within the EEA as of June 15, 2017. The European Union international calls regulations regulate prices of calls (and text messages) when calling from your home country to another EEA country. |
Country | Country code | National number length | Dialing plan | International access code | National trunk prefix |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abkhazia † | 7 840 (landline) / 7 940 (mobile) | 7 | variable | 8~10 | 8 |
Albania | 355 | 8 (fixed), 9 (mobile) | variable | 00 | 0 |
Andorra | 376 | 6 or 9 (in special cases) | fixed | 00 | – |
Armenia | 374 | 8 | variable | 00 | 0 |
Azerbaijan | 994 | 9 | variable | 00 | 0 |
Belarus | 375 | 9 | variable | 00 | 0 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 387 | 8 to 9 | variable | 00 | 0 |
Faroe Islands | 298 | 6 | fixed | 00 | – |
Georgia | 995 | 9 | variable | 00 | 0 |
Gibraltar | 350 | 8 | fixed | 00 | – |
Kazakhstan | 7 (shared with Russia) | 10 | variable | 8~10 | 8 |
Kosovo † | 383 | 8 | variable | 00 | 0 |
North Macedonia | 389 | 8 | variable | 00 | 0 |
Moldova | 373 | 8 | fixed with 0 [2] | 00 | 0 |
Monaco | 377 | 8 to 9 | fixed (?) | 00 | – |
Montenegro | 382 | 8 | fixed | 00 | 0 |
Russia | 7 (shared with Kazakhstan) | 10 | variable | 8~10 | 8 |
San Marino | 378 | 6 to 12 | fixed | 00 | – |
Serbia | 381 | 8 to 10 | variable | 00 | 0 |
South Ossetia † | 7 850 (fixed), 7 929 (mobile) | 5 to 7 | variable | 8~10 | 8 |
Switzerland | 41 | 9 | fixed with 0 | 00 | 0 |
Transnistria † | 373 5 / 373 2 (Moldova codes used) | 7 | variable | 00 | 0 |
Turkey | 90 | 10 | fixed | 00 | 0 |
Northern Cyprus † | 90 392 (fixed), 90 533 / 90 542 (mobile) | 7 | fixed | 00 | 0 |
United Kingdom | 44 | 9 or 10 digits (geographic); 7, 9 or 10 (non-geographic) | variable | 00 | 0 |
Ukraine [a] | 380 | 9 | variable | 00 | 0 |
Vatican City | 379 (not activated) |
† = Disputed state, may not be recognized as an independent state by some or all European Union members.
*A variable dialing plan has different dialing procedures for local and long-distance telephone calls. A call within the same city or within an area is dialed only by the subscriber number, while for calls outside the area, the telephone number must be prefixed with the destination area code. A fixed dialing plan requires to dial all digits of the complete telephone number, including any area codes.
The following service numbers are harmonized across the European Union:
In 1996, the European Commission proposed the introduction of a single telephone numbering plan, in which all European Union member states would use the country code 3. Calls between member states would no longer require the international access code 00. Instead the digit 1 was proposed for these calls, replaced by the country code 3 for calls from outside the EU. Each country would have a two-digit country code after the 1 or the 3. Calls within each country would not be affected.
This proposal would have required states such as Germany, the United Kingdom, Denmark and others, whose country codes began with the digit '4', to return these to the International Telecommunication Union.
A Green Paper on the proposal was published, but the disruption and inconvenience of the change was deemed to outweigh any advantages.
A disadvantage would have been that every local number beginning with "1" would have had to be changed (except emergency number which would be kept).
Another disadvantage would be that people wanting to call France (e.g. Southeast France using +33 4...) using an old number would connect another country like Spain, or people wanting to call Spain (e.g. +34 9...) would end up in e.g. Germany if they use an old number.
The EU proposal should not be confused with the European Telephony Numbering Space (ETNS), which uses the country code 388, and was intended to complement, rather than replace, existing national numbering plans.
A country code is a short alphanumeric identification code for countries and dependent areas. Its primary use is in data processing and communications. Several identification systems have been developed.
The North American Numbering Plan is a telephone numbering plan for twenty-five regions in twenty countries, primarily in North America and the Caribbean. This group is historically known as World Zone 1 and has the telephone country code 1. Some North American countries, most notably Mexico, do not participate with the NANP.
A telephone numbering plan is a type of numbering scheme used in telecommunication to assign telephone numbers to subscriber telephones or other telephony endpoints. Telephone numbers are the addresses of participants in a telephone network, reachable by a system of destination code routing. Telephone numbering plans are defined in each of the administrative regions of the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and in private telephone networks.
The French telephone numbering plan is used in Metropolitan France, French overseas departments and some overseas collectivities.
E.123 is an international standard by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T), entitled Notation for national and international telephone numbers, e-mail addresses and Web addresses. It provides guidelines for the presentation of telephone numbers, email addresses, and web addresses in print, on letterheads, and similar purposes.
Telephone numbers in the Netherlands are administered by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation of the Netherlands. The telephone numbering plan may be grouped into three general categories: geographical numbers, non-geographical numbers, and numbers for public services.
In Argentina, area codes are two, three, or four digits long. Local customer numbers are six to eight digits long. The total number of digits is ten, for example, phone number (11) 1234-5678 for Buenos Aires is made up of a 2-digit area code number and an 8-digit subscriber's number, while (383) 123-4567 would be an example of a Catamarca number.
In telecommunication, a dial plan establishes the permitted sequences of digits dialed by telephone subscriber and the manner in which a telephone switch interprets these digits within the definitions of the prevailing telephone numbering plan. Dial plans in the public switched telephone network referred to as dialing procedures.
Lithuania uses an open telephone numbering plan with all phone numbers having nine digits, including the prefix "0", a 1–3 digit area code, and a 5–7 digit subscriber telephone number.
Telephone numbers in Italy are managed by the Autorità per le Garanzie nelle Comunicazioni (AGCOM), a national regulatory authority for the communication industry located in Rome.
The regulation of telephone numbers in Germany is the responsibility of the Federal Network Agency of the German government. The agency has a mandate to telecommunications in Germany and other infrastructure systems.
Thailand's telephone numbering plan in Thailand is managed by the National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission (NBTC) in accordance with International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) recommendation E.164.
Telephone numbers in Russia are administered by Roskomnadzor, and Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation. Russia's National Numbering Plan (NNP) is a four-level telephone numbering plan with local, zone, country, and international scopes, implementing a closed numbering plan, in which the number of digits of all national significant numbers (NSN) assigned to subscriber telephones is fixed at ten, with three digits for the area code, and a seven-digit subscriber number which includes a zone code of up to two digits. Internationally, Russia participates in the numbering plans of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) provided by recommendations E.164 and E.123, using the telephone country code 7.
A telephone number in Belgium is a sequence of nine or ten digits dialed on a telephone to make a call on the Belgian telephone network. Belgium is under a full number dialing plan, meaning that the full national number must be dialed for all calls, while it retains the trunk code, '0', for all national dialling.
National conventions for writing telephone numbers vary by country. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) publishes a recommendation entitled Notation for national and international telephone numbers, e-mail addresses and Web addresses. Recommendation E.123 specifies the format of telephone numbers assigned to telephones and similar communication endpoints in national telephone numbering plans.
A telephone number is a sequence of digits assigned to a landline telephone subscriber station connected to a telephone line or to a wireless electronic telephony device, such as a radio telephone or a mobile telephone, or to other devices for data transmission via the public switched telephone network (PSTN), or other public and private networks. Modern smart phones have added a built-in layer of abstraction whereby individuals or businesses are saved into a contacts application and the numbers no longer have to be written down or memorized.
Telephone numbers in Kazakhstan are regulated by the Telecommunications Committee of the Ministry of Digital Development, Innovations, and Aerospace Industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan, and administered by telecommunication providers, such as Kazakhtelecom, a state-backed and the largest national operator.
Telephone numbers in San Marino have six to ten digits. Numbers starting with either 0, 8 or 9 are assigned to landlines, 6 is used for mobile services, 5 for IP telephony services and 7 for premium numbers. No trunk prefixes are used: all the digits are always dialed.
The Belize telephone numbering plan is the system used for assigning telephone numbers in Belize.