This is a list of the largest cities in the European Union according to the population within their city boundary. The cities listed all have populations over 300,000. The list deals exclusively with the areas within city administrative boundaries as opposed to urban areas or larger urban zones (metropolitan areas), which are generally larger in terms of population than the main city.
As some cities have a very narrow boundary and others a very wide one, the list may not give an accurate view of the comparative magnitude of entire urban areas, and thus the figures in the list should be treated with caution. For example Paris is the most populous urban area in the European Union, however the city proper of the French capital has a lower population than top ranked Berlin and a couple of other cities, as shown in the table. Likewise the City of Brussels is only one of a total of 19 municipalities making up the greater Brussels Capital Region, and by itself does not reach the population threshold to be listed here.
Cities in bold are capital cities of their respective countries.
City | Member state | Official population | Date | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Berlin | Germany | 3,755,251 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Madrid | Spain | 3,332,035 | 1 Jan 2023 | [2] |
Rome | Italy | 2,755,309 | 1 Jan 2023 | [3] |
Paris | France | 2,102,650 | 1 Jan 2023 | [4] |
Vienna | Austria | 2,006,134 | 1 Jan 2024 | [5] |
Hamburg | Germany | 1,892,122 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Warsaw | Poland | 1,861,644 | 30 Jun 2023 | [6] |
Bucharest | Romania | 1,739,297 | 1 Jan 2023 | [7] |
Budapest | Hungary | 1,671,004 | 1 Jan 2023 | [8] |
Barcelona | Spain | 1,660,122 | 1 Jan 2023 | [2] |
Munich | Germany | 1,512,491 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Milan | Italy | 1,358,420 | 1 Jan 2023 | [3] |
Prague | Czech Republic | 1,357,326 | 1 Jan 2023 | [9] |
Sofia | Bulgaria | 1,280,334 | 31 Dec 2022 | [10] |
Cologne | Germany | 1,084,831 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Stockholm | Sweden | 988,943 | 31 Dec 2023 | [11] |
Amsterdam | Netherlands | 935,521 | 30 Nov 2023 | [12] |
Naples | Italy | 917,510 | 1 Jan 2023 | [3] |
Marseille | France | 873,076 | 1 Jan 2021 | [13] |
Turin | Italy | 847,398 | 1 Jan 2023 | [3] |
Valencia | Spain | 807,693 | 1 Jan 2023 | [2] |
Kraków | Poland | 804,237 | 30 Jun 2023 | [6] |
Frankfurt | Germany | 773,068 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Zagreb | Croatia | 768,624 | 31 Dec 2022 | [14] |
Seville | Spain | 684,025 | 1 Jan 2023 | [2] |
Zaragoza | Spain | 682,513 | 1 Jan 2023 | [2] |
Helsinki | Finland | 675,747 | 1 Feb 2024 | [15] |
Wrocław | Poland | 674,132 | 30 Jun 2023 | [6] |
Rotterdam | Netherlands | 671,221 | 30 Nov 2023 | [12] |
Copenhagen | Denmark | 659,350 | 1 Jan 2024 | [16] |
Łódź | Poland | 655,279 | 30 Jun 2023 | [6] |
Athens | Greece | 643,452 | 23 Oct 2021 | [17] |
Stuttgart | Germany | 632,865 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Palermo | Italy | 632,499 | 1 Jan 2023 | [3] |
Düsseldorf | Germany | 629,047 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Leipzig | Germany | 616,093 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Riga | Latvia | 614,987 | 1 Jan 2023 | [18] |
Gothenburg | Sweden | 604,616 | 31 Dec 2023 | [11] |
Vilnius | Lithuania | 602,430 | 1 Jan 2024 | [19] |
Dortmund | Germany | 593,317 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Dublin | Ireland | 592,713 | 3 Apr 2022 | [20] |
Málaga | Spain | 586,384 | 1 Jan 2023 | [2] |
Essen | Germany | 584,580 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Bremen | Germany | 569,396 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
The Hague | Netherlands | 565,817 | 30 Nov 2023 | [12] |
Dresden | Germany | 563,311 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Genoa | Italy | 561,191 | 1 Jan 2023 | [3] |
Antwerp | Belgium | 548,916 | 1 Feb 2024 | [21] |
Lisbon | Portugal | 548,703 | 1 Jan 2022 | [22] |
Hanover | Germany | 545,045 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Poznań | Poland | 540,146 | 30 Jun 2023 | [6] |
Nuremberg | Germany | 523,026 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Lyon | France | 522,250 | 1 Jan 2021 | [13] |
Toulouse | France | 504,078 | 1 Jan 2021 | [13] |
Duisburg | Germany | 502,211 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Gdańsk | Poland | 486,492 | 30 Jun 2023 | [6] |
Bratislava | Slovakia | 476,979 | 1 Oct 2023 | [23] |
Murcia | Spain | 469,177 | 1 Jan 2023 | [2] |
Tallinn | Estonia | 453,864 | 1 Jan 2023 | [24] |
Palma de Mallorca | Spain | 423,350 | 1 Jan 2023 | [2] |
Brno | Czech Republic | 396,101 | 1 Jan 2023 | [9] |
Szczecin | Poland | 390,278 | 30 Jun 2023 | [6] |
Bologna | Italy | 389,200 | 1 Jan 2023 | [3] |
Sintra | Portugal | 388,767 | 1 Jan 2022 | [22] |
Las Palmas | Spain | 378,027 | 1 Jan 2023 | [2] |
Utrecht | Netherlands | 374,409 | 30 Nov 2023 | [12] |
Aarhus | Denmark | 367,095 | 1 Jan 2024 | [16] |
Bochum | Germany | 365,742 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Florence | Italy | 362,742 | 1 Jan 2023 | [3] |
Malmö | Sweden | 362,133 | 31 Dec 2023 | [11] |
Wuppertal | Germany | 358,876 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Alicante | Spain | 349,282 | 1 Jan 2023 | [2] |
Nice | France | 348,085 | 1 Jan 2021 | [13] |
Bilbao | Spain | 346,096 | 1 Jan 2023 | [2] |
Bielefeld | Germany | 338,332 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Bonn | Germany | 336,465 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Lublin | Poland | 330,447 | 30 Jun 2023 | [6] |
Bydgoszcz | Poland | 328,370 | 30 Jun 2023 | [6] |
Córdoba | Spain | 323,763 | 1 Jan 2023 | [2] |
Nantes | France | 323,204 | 1 Jan 2021 | [13] |
Plovdiv | Bulgaria | 321,824 | 31 Dec 2022 | [10] |
Münster | Germany | 320,946 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Varna | Bulgaria | 319,900 | 31 Dec 2022 | [10] |
Thessaloniki | Greece | 319,045 | 23 Oct 2021 | [17] |
Bari | Italy | 316,736 | 1 Jan 2023 | [3] |
Mannheim | Germany | 315,554 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Espoo | Finland | 314,821 | 1 Feb 2024 | [15] |
Karlsruhe | Germany | 308,707 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
Vila Nova de Gaia | Portugal | 307,563 | 1 Jan 2022 | [22] |
Kaunas | Lithuania | 304,198 | 1 Jan 2024 | [19] |
Graz | Austria | 303,270 | 1 Jan 2024 | [25] |
Montpellier | France | 302,454 | 1 Jan 2021 | [13] |
Augsburg | Germany | 301,033 | 31 Dec 2022 | [1] |
A metropolitan area or metro is a region consisting of a densely populated urban agglomeration and its surrounding territories sharing industries, commercial areas, transport network, infrastructures and housing. A metropolitan area usually comprises multiple principal cities, jurisdictions and municipalities: neighborhoods, townships, boroughs, cities, towns, exurbs, suburbs, counties, districts and even states and nations in areas like the eurodistricts. As social, economic and political institutions have changed, metropolitan areas have become key economic and political regions.
The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies, abbreviated INSEE or Insee, is the national statistics bureau of France. It collects and publishes information about the French economy and people and carries out the periodic national census. Headquartered in Montrouge, a commune in the southern Parisian suburbs, it is the French branch of Eurostat. The INSEE was created in 1946 as a successor to the Vichy regime's National Statistics Service (SNS). It works in close cooperation with the Institut national d'études démographiques (INED).
An urban area, built-up area or urban agglomeration is a human settlement with a high population density and an infrastructure of built environment. This is the core of a metropolitan statistical area in the United States, if it contains a population of more than 50,000.
The larger urban zone (LUZ), or functional urban area (FUA), is a measure of the population and expanse of metropolitan and surrounding areas which may or may not be exclusively urban. It consists of a city and its commuting zone outside it.
A metropolis is a large city or conurbation which is a significant economic, political, and cultural area for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce, and communications.