This is a list of political parties in the Czech Republic. The Czech Republic has a multi-party system. Due to the electoral system used, a limited number of parties are successful in each parliamentary election.
There are currently seven parties in the Chamber of Deputies – ANO 2011, the Civic Democratic Party (ODS), Mayors and Independents (STAN), the Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party (KDU-ČSL), Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD), TOP 09 and the Czech Pirate Party (Pirates). All of these parties except the SPD also have at least one seat in the Senate. Since the 2022 Czech Senate election, Senator 21 (SEN 21) have had four seats in the Senate, Mayors for the Liberec Region (SLK) have two Senate seats, and Svobodní have one Senate seat. None of these three parties have any seats in the Chamber of Deputies or the European Parliament. The Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM) hold no seats in the Chamber or the Senate but do have one elected member of the European Parliament and have elected representatives at the regional level.
The only party to have had members elected to every Parliament since the dissolution of Czechoslovakia is ODS.
The next legislative election will be held no later than 2025.
Party | Representation | European affiliation | Comments | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chamber | Senate | Regions | EP | ||||||
ANO ANO 2011 | ANO | 72 / 200 | 12 / 81 | 178 / 675 | 7 / 21 | PfE | A right-wing and conservative political party led by Andrej Babiš. | ||
Civic Democratic Party Občanská demokratická strana | ODS | 34 / 200 | 18 / 81 | 99 / 675 | 3 / 21 | ECR | Centre-right conservative and Eurosceptic party founded by the former Czech President, Václav Klaus. Its leader is Petr Fiala. | ||
Mayors and Independents Starostové a nezávislí | STAN | 33 / 200 | 15 / 81 | 91 / 675 | 2 / 22 | EPP | Liberal party focusing on localism and promoting powers for municipalities. Led by Vít Rakušan. | ||
Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party Křesťanská a demokratická unie – Československá strana lidová | KDU-ČSL | 23 / 200 | 12 / 81 | 53 / 675 | 1 / 21 | EPP | Christian democratic and socially conservative party, traditionally strong in South Moravia. | ||
Freedom and Direct Democracy Svoboda a přímá demokracie | SPD | 20 / 200 | 0 / 81 | 35 / 675 | 1 / 21 | ESN | Right-wing to far-right and Eurosceptic political party that is ideologically right-wing populist and Czech nationalist. Founded by Tomio Okamura. | ||
TOP 09 TOP 09 | TOP 09 | 14 / 200 | 7 / 81 | 19 / 675 | 2 / 21 | EPP | Liberal conservative, pro-European and fiscally conservative political party led by Markéta Pekarová Adamová. | ||
Czech Pirate Party Česká pirátská strana | Piráti | 4 / 200 | 1 / 81 | 99 / 675 | 1 / 21 | PPEU | Pirate and liberal party led by Ivan Bartoš. | ||
SEN 21 | SEN 21 | 0 / 200 | 4 / 81 | 0 / 675 | 0 / 21 | EDP | Syncretic political movement. | ||
Social Democracy Sociální demokracie | SOCDEM | 0 / 200 | 1 / 81 | 36 / 675 | 0 / 21 | PES | Centre-left social democratic party. The leader is Michal Šmarda. | ||
Mayors for the Liberec Region Starostové pro Liberecký kraj | SLK | 0 / 200 | 3 / 81 | 0 / 675 | 0 / 21 | - | Centre-right regionalist party. | ||
Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia Komunistická strana Čech a Moravy | KSČM | 0 / 200 | 0 / 81 | 13 / 675 | 1 / 21 | EL (observer) | Left-wing to far-left party which is the successor to the former ruling Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. | ||
Svobodní Strana svobodných občanů | Svobodní | 0 / 200 | 1 / 81 | 0 / 675 | 0 / 21 | - | Right-wing, national conservative and Eurosceptic party. | ||
Tábor 2020 Tábor 2020 | T2020 | 0 / 200 | 1 / 81 | 2 / 675 | 0 / 21 | - | Regionalist party active in Tábor, South Bohemian Region. | ||
ForMOST ProMOST | ProMOST | 0 / 200 | 1 / 81 | 2 / 675 | 0 / 21 | - | Regionalist party active in Most, Ústí nad Labem Region. | ||
Independents Nezávislí | NEZ | 0 / 200 | 1 / 81 | 0 / 675 | 0 / 21 | - | Regionalist catch-all party. | ||
Přísaha Přísaha | Přísaha | 0 / 200 | 1 / 81 | 0 / 675 | 2 / 21 | PfE | Right-wing populist and Eurosceptic party. | ||
United Democrats – Association of Independents Spojení demokraté - Sdružení nezávislých | SD-SN | 0 / 200 | 0 / 81 | 0 / 675 | 1 / 21 | Non-Inscrits | Conservative eurosceptic party. |
Note: The sum of the total seats held by each party may not amount to the total seats as a whole in the Chamber, Senate, Regions, and/or European Parliament because of independent politicians (i.e. those not members of any political party) holding the remaining seats.
From 1990 to 1999.
From 2000 to 2009.
From 2010 to 2019.
From 2020
Social Democracy, known as the Czech Social Democratic Party until 10 June 2023, is a social-democratic political party in the Czech Republic. Sitting on the centre-left of the political spectrum and holding pro-European views, it is a member of the Party of European Socialists, the Socialist International, and the Progressive Alliance. Masaryk Democratic Academy is the party-affiliated's think tank.
The Civic Democratic Alliance was a conservative-liberal political party in the Czech Republic, active between 1989 and 2007. The ODA was part of government coalitions until 1997 and participated in transformation of the Czech economy. The party was supported by president Václav Havel who voted for it in 1992 and 1996 election.
The Civic Democratic Party is a conservative and economic liberal political party in the Czech Republic. The party sits between centre-right and right-wing on the political spectrum, and holds 34 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, and is the second strongest party by number of seats following the 2021 election. It is the only political party in the Czech Republic that has maintained an uninterrupted representation in the Chamber of Deputies.
The Civic Forum was a political movement in the Czech part of Czechoslovakia, established during the Velvet Revolution in 1989. The corresponding movement in Slovakia was called Public Against Violence.
Czech National Social Party is a nationalist political party in the Czech Republic, that played an important role in Czechoslovakia during the interwar period. It was established in 1897 by break-away groups from both the national liberal Young Czech Party and the Czech Social Democratic Party, with a stress on achieving independence of the Czech lands from Austria-Hungary. Its variant of socialism was moderate and reformist rather than a Marxist one. After the National Labour Party dissolved and merged with National Socialists in 1930, the party also became the refuge for Czech liberals. Its best-known member was Edvard Beneš, a co-founder of Czechoslovakia and the country's second President during the 1930s and 1940s.
CSSD may refer to:
This article gives an overview of liberalism in the Czech Republic. It is limited to liberal parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in parliament. The sign ⇒ denotes another party in that scheme. For inclusion in this scheme it is not necessary that parties label themselves as a liberal party.
Czech Crown is a Czech monarchist political party that strives for the restoration of Czech monarchy with the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. The party was founded in 1990 and its current leader is Vojtěch Círus. In the 2017 Czech legislative election, Koruna Česká ran in a coalition with TOP 09 and received 5.35% of the vote. In the 2019 European Parliament election, it ran together with the KDU-ČSL and received 7.24% of the vote.
Bloc Against Islamization – Defence of the Homeland (previously known as the Free Citizens, Party for Dignified Life and Home was an anti-Islam political party in the Czech Republic founded in 2003 by Eva Morávková who became the party's first chairwoman.
ČSSD – Czech Sovereignty of Social Democracy, until 29 June 2023 known as Czech Sovereignty, formerly also known Free Bloc and Sovereignty – Jana Bobošíková Bloc, is a small nationalist Czech political party.
The 2012 Regional Council Elections were held on the 12th and 13th of October in all administrative regions of the Czech Republic, with the exception of Prague. The election was won by the Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD), which received the most votes in 9 of the 13 regions despite experiencing a significant drop in voter share overall.
Vladimír Buřt is a Czech politician and environmentalist, and mayor of the town of Horní Jiřetín.
The Party of Civic Rights, also referred to as Zemanovci ("Zemanites"), was a centre-left, left-wing populist social-democratic political party in the Czech Republic founded in October 2009 by Miloš Zeman, the former prime minister of the Czech Republic and former leader of the Czech Social Democratic Party. Zeman was elected the president of the Czech Republic in the second round of the 2013 Czech presidential election. The party advocated direct democracy and the Nordic model.
A leadership election was held within the Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD) on 25 March 1990. It was the first leadership election since the party's re-establishment and saw Jiří Horák defeat Rudolf Battěk. Battěk was supported by exiled politicians from the party, and wanted ČSSD to run in the 1990 parliamentary elections as part of the Civic Forum list, while Horák wanted the party to run independently.
Alliance for the Future is a political party in the Czech Republic, established in 2016 as the Civic Democratic Alliance (ODA). It considers itself to be successor of the previous Civic Democratic Alliance. It was established in September 2016 by current leader Pavel Sehnal, and former Prime Minister Petr Nečas is also involved with the party. The party participated in the 2017 legislative election and plans to participate in the 2018 municipal election. The leaders of the original Civic Democratic Alliance are not involved with the party.
Democratic Bloc was a parliamentary alliance formed in 2017 by four Centre-right parties. Parties agreed to cooperate in parliament. Czech Pirate Party and Czech Social Democratic Party were also offered participation but both parties declined. It was announced on 15 November 2017 on a Press Conference by Petr Fiala. Fiala stated that Democratic Bloc isn't meant to be a long term coalition but its only task is to take over initiative during negotiations of parliament's body and for constituent meeting. Democratic Bloc was dissolved on 21 December 2017.
Civic Conservative Party was a national conservative political party in the Czech Republic, founded in 2013 by Jiří Janeček as a split from the Civic Democratic Party.
Young Civic Democrats is a political platform within the Civic Democratic Party. It consists of young people. It is considered a competitor to the Young Conservatives. It had 2,000 members in January 2018 making it the largest youth wing in the Czech Republic. Its members are also members of the Civic Democratic Party.
The Masaryk Democratic Party was a centrist political party in the Czech Republic, founded on 25 May 1992. The party follows the legacy of the first Czechoslovak President Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk and considers itself a successor and to the tradition of the historical Czech Realist Party.