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The Czech Republic is a parliamentary representative democracy, with the president acting as head of state and the prime minister acting as head of government.
The first president of the Czech Republic was Václav Havel. The current president, Petr Pavel, was sworn into office on 9 March 2023 - 2 January 2024 Until 2012, the president was elected by the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, for a term lasting five years. Since 2013 the president is elected by popular vote.
| Portrait | President (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Party | Term | Previous office(s) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  | Václav Havel (1936–2011) | 2 February 1993 | 2 February 2003 | Independent | 1(1993) | President of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic (1989–1992) |
| 2(1998) | |||||||
| 2 |  | Václav Klaus (born 1941) | 7 March 2003 | 7 March 2013 | Civic Democratic Party (ODS) | 3(2003) | Prime Minister (1992–1998) President of the Chamber of Deputies (1998–2002) [1] |
| 4(2008) | |||||||
| 3 |  | Miloš Zeman (born 1944) | 8 March 2013 | 8 March 2023 | Party of Civic Rights (SPO) | 5(2013) | President of the Chamber of Deputies (1996–1998) [2] Prime Minister (1998–2002) |
| 6(2018) | |||||||
| 4 |  | Petr Pavel (born 1961) | 9 March 2023 | Incumbent | Independent | 7(2023) | Chief of the General Staff (2012–2015) Chairman of the NATO Military Committee (2015–2018) |
The Czech Republic is a unitary parliamentary republic, in which the president is the head of state and the prime minister is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the Government of the Czech Republic, which reports to the Chamber of Deputies. The legislature is exercised by the Parliament. The Czech Parliament is bicameral: the upper house of the Parliament is the Senate, and the lower house is the Chamber of Deputies. The Senate consists of 81 members who are elected for six years. The Chamber of Deputies consists of 200 members who are elected for four years. The judiciary system is topped by the trio of the Constitutional Court, Supreme Court and Supreme Administrative Court.
Ferdinand Peroutka was a Czech journalist and writer. A prominent political thinker and journalist during the First Czechoslovak Republic, Peroutka was persecuted by the Nazi regime for his democratic convictions and imprisoned at Buchenwald concentration camp. Following the 1948 coup by the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, he emigrated to both the United Kingdom and later, the United States.
The president of the Czech Republic, officially the President of the Republic, is the head of state of the Czech Republic and the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic.
The Chamber of Deputies, officially the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic, is the lower house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The chamber has 200 seats and deputies are elected for four-year terms using the party-list proportional representation system with the D'Hondt method. Since 2002, there are 14 constituencies, matching the Czech regions. A Cabinet is answerable to the Chamber of Deputies and the Prime Minister stays in office only as long as they retain the support of a majority of its members. The quorum is set by law to one third (67) of elected deputies. Any changes to the constitutional laws must be approved by at least 60 percent of the Chamber of Deputies. The seat of the Chamber of Deputies is the Thun Palace in Malá Strana, Prague.
Jan Drda was a Czech journalist, politician, playwright, screenwriter and author of modern fairytales. He was the Czech State Prize Laureate in 1949 and 1953, and was a nominated again for the same prize in 1965.
Milada Emmerová is a Czech doctor, politician and former Minister of Health for the Czech Republic. As of April 2023, she is a member of the Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD). Currently she is senator of Senate of the Parliament of the Czech Republic.
Jistebnice is a town in Tábor District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,100 inhabitants.
Vladimír Dlouhý is a Czech economist and politician.
Early parliamentary elections were held in the Czech Republic on 25 and 26 October 2013, seven months before the constitutional expiry of the elected parliament's four-year legislative term.
Czech Republic–Malaysia relations are foreign relations between the Czech Republic and Malaysia. The Czech Republic has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur, and Malaysia has an embassy in Prague.
Hana Orgoníková was a Czech politician. She was an MP for the Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD) from 1989 until her death.
Ivan Bartoš is a Czech civil rights activist and a Czech Pirate Party politician, serving as the Minister of Regional Development and Deputy Prime Minister for Digitalization in the governing Cabinet of Petr Fiala since December 2021. He has been a member of the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic since October 2017, and the chairman of the party since 2016, as well as previously between 2009 and 2014.
The Tricolour Citizens' Movement is a hard Eurosceptic, fiscally conservative, and national-conservative political party in the Czech Republic.
Josef Šebestián Daubek was a Czech-Austrian nobleman, politician, entrepreneur and patron of the arts.
Zdeněk Hoření was a Czechoslovak journalist who served as Editor-in-Chief of Rudé právo, the official newspaper of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
Milan Ekert is a Czech former politician who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic for the Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD) from 1996 to 2006. From 2014 to 2018, he was the Ambassador of the Czech Republic to Belarus, and from 2018 to 2022, he held the same position in Azerbaijan.
Miroslav Beneš is a Czech politician and former member of the Civic Democratic Party (ODS). He also served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic and as the deputy chairman of the ODS.
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