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This article lists political parties in the Netherlands. The country has a multi-party system with numerous political parties, in which any one party has little chance of gaining power alone; parties often work with each other to form coalition governments.
The lower house of the legislature, the House of Representatives, is elected by a national party-list system of proportional representation. There is no threshold for getting a seat, making it possible for a party to get a seat with only two-thirds percent of the vote—roughly one seat for every 67,000 votes.
No party has won a majority of seats since the 1894 general election; [1] no party has even approached the seats needed for a majority since the current proportional representation system was implemented in the Pacification of 1917. All governments since then have been coalitions between two or more parties. However, there is a broad consensus on the basic principles of the political system, with all parties having to adjust their goals to some extent in order to have a realistic chance at being part of the government.
Political party | Active in | Main ideology | Position | European affiliation | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FNP | Frisian National Party Fryske Nasjonale Partij | Friesland | Civic nationalism | Big tent [36] | EFA | ||
GB | Groninger Interest Groninger Belang | Groningen | Regionalism | Centre | — | ||
LB | Local Brabant Lokaal Brabant | North Brabant | Regionalism | Centre | — | ||
LL | Local Limburg Lokaal-Limburg | Limburg | Regionalism | Centre | — | ||
PvhN | Party for the North Partij voor het Noorden | Groningen Friesland Drenthe | Regionalism | Centre | — | ||
PvZ | Party for Zeeland Partij voor Zeeland | Zeeland | Regionalism | Centre | — | ||
PBF | Provincial Interest Fryslân Provinciaal Belang Fryslân | Friesland | Regionalism | Centre | — | ||
SLD | Strong Local Drenthe Sterk Lokaal Drenthe | Drenthe | Regionalism | Centre | — | ||
SLF | Strong Local Flevoland Sterk Lokaal Flevoland | Flevoland | Regionalism | Centre | — |
Party | Main ideology | Position | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forza! | Forza! Netherlands Forza! Nederland | Right-wing populism | Right-wing | ||
HvDH | Heart for The Hague Hart voor Den Haag/Groep de Mos | Conservative liberalism | Right-wing | ||
LR | Livable Rotterdam Leefbaar Rotterdam | Fortuynism | Right-wing | ||
VSP | United Seniors Party Verenigde Senioren Partij | Pensioners' interests | Single-issue politics |
Political party | Main ideology | Position | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
AWP | General Water Board Party Algemene Waterschapspartij | Apoliticism | Syncretic | ||
WN | Water Natuurlijk | Green politics | Centre-left |
Political party | Main ideology | Position | Leader | Affiliation | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
American | Intl. | ||||||
PDB | Bonaire Democratic Party Partido Demokrátiko Boneriano | Social democracy | Centre-left | Clark Abraham | — | — | |
UPB | Bonaire Patriotic Union Union Patriótiko Boneriano | Christian democracy | Centre | James Kroon | ODCA | CDI | |
MPB | Bonaire People's Movement Movementu di Pueblo Boneriano | Christian socialism | Centre | Elvis Tjin Asjoe | — | — | |
FSP | Social Progressive Front Frente Sosial Progresivo | Social democracy | Centre-left | Robby Beukenboom | — | — |
Political party | Main ideology | Position | Leader | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
DP | Democratic Party | Christian democracy | Centre | Adelka Spanner | |
PLP | Progressive Labour Party | Social democracy | Centre-left | Rechelline Leerdam |
The Labour Party is a social democratic political party in the Netherlands.
The Netherlands is a parliamentary representative democracy. A constitutional monarchy, the country is organised as a decentralised unitary state. The Netherlands can be described as a consociational state. Dutch politics and governance are characterised by a common striving for broad consensus on important issues, within both of the political community and society as a whole.
The Anti-Revolutionary Party was a Protestant conservative and Christian democratic political party in the Netherlands. The party was founded in 1879 by Abraham Kuyper, a neo-Calvinist theologian and minister. In 1980 the party merged with the Catholic People's Party (KVP) and the Christian Historical Union (CHU) to form the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA).
GroenLinks is a green political party in the Netherlands.
The Socialist Party is a democratic socialist and social democratic political party in the Netherlands. Founded in 1971 as the Communist Party of the Netherlands/Marxist–Leninist, the party has since moderated itself from Marxism–Leninism and Maoism towards democratic socialism and social democracy.
Liberalism in the Netherlands started as an anti-monarchical effort spearheaded by the Dutch statesman Thorbecke, who almost single-handedly wrote the 1848 Constitution of the Netherlands that turned the country into a constitutional monarchy.
The Pacifist Socialist Party was a democratic socialist Dutch political party. It is one of the predecessors of GroenLinks.
The Communist Party of the Netherlands was a communist party in the Netherlands. The party was founded in 1909 as the Social Democratic Party (SDP) and merged with the Pacifist Socialist Party, the Political Party of Radicals and the Evangelical People's Party in 1991, forming the GroenLinks. Members opposed to the merger founded the New Communist Party of the Netherlands.
Flemish political parties operate in the whole Flemish Community, which covers the unilingual Flemish Region and the bilingual Brussels-Capital Region. In the latter, they compete with French-speaking parties that all also operate in Wallonia. There are very few parties that operate on a national level in Belgium. Flanders generally tends to vote for right-wing, conservative parties, whereas in French-speaking Belgium the socialist party is usually the most successful one.
The New Communist Party of the Netherlands is a communist party in the Netherlands. The NCPN was founded in 1992 by the former members of the Communist Party of the Netherlands to oppose CPN's merger into the left-wing GroenLinks. These members have been known as "the Horizontals". Through the Stichting HOC, the NCPN releases the monthly newspaper Manifest.
The Party for the Animals is a political party in the Netherlands. Among its main goals are animal rights and animal welfare. The PvdD was founded in 2002 as a single-issue party for animal rights, opposing animal cruelty and the treatment of animals in agriculture. The party then developed into a left-wing, ecological party.
The Political Party of Radicals was a Christian-radical and green political party in the Netherlands. The PPR played a relatively small role in Dutch politics and merged with other left-wing parties to form GroenLinks in 1991.
The Revolutionary Socialist Party was a Dutch socialist political party, that has been variously characterized as Trotskyist and syndicalist. In 1935 it merged with the Independent Socialist Party (OSP) to form the Revolutionary Socialist Workers' Party, but most of the former OSP members left the united party the same year. Henk Sneevliet was the RSP/RSAP's undisputed leader throughout its existence, as well as its only Representative.
The Social Democratic Workers' Party was a Dutch socialist political party existing from 1894 to 1946. Originating from a split in the prior Social Democratic League, the party was a predecessor of the current social democratic "Partij van de Arbeid" – litterally the "Labour Party".
This article gives an overview of socialism in the Netherlands, including communism and social democracy. It is limited to communist, socialist, social democratic, and democratic socialist parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in parliament. The sign ⇒ means a reference to another party in that scheme.
This article gives an overview of Christian democracy in the Netherlands, which is also called confessionalism, including political Catholicism and Protestantism.
The Netherlands is a European Parliament constituency for elections in the European Union covering the member state of Netherlands. It is currently represented by 31 Members of the European Parliament. Until the 2009 European Parliament election, it excluded the Dutch in the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
The issue of the universal basic income gained prominence on the political agenda in Netherlands between the mid-1970s and mid-1990s but it has disappeared from the political agenda over the last fifteen years.
Communist Unity Movement of the Netherlands (marxist-leninist) (Dutch: Kommunistiese Eenheidsbeweging Nederland (marxisties-leninisties); KEN (ml)) was a communist organization in the Netherlands founded in 1964.
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