Global Greens

Global Greens

Global Greens logo
Abbreviation	GG
Formation	12 April 2001;23 years ago (2001-04-12)
Type	International non-governmental organization
Legal status	Association
Purpose	World network of green political parties and organizations
Headquarters	Rue Wiertz 31, 1050 Brussels, Belgium [1]
Region served	Worldwide
Membership	87 political parties and 9 organizations [2]
Convenors	Bob Hale and Gloria Polanco
Main organ	Global Greens Congress
Subsidiaries	Global Young Greens
Website	www.globalgreens.org

The Global Greens (GG) is an international network of political parties and movements which work to implement the Global Greens Charter. It consists of various national green political parties, partner networks, and other organizations associated with green politics.

Formed in 2001 at the First Global Greens Congress, the network has grown to include 76 full member parties and 11 observers and associate parties as of May 2022, so a total of 87 members. ^[2] It is governed by a 12-member steering committee called the Global Greens Coordination, and each member party falls under the umbrella of one of four affiliated regional green federations. The day-to-day operations of the Global Greens are managed by the Secretariat, led by Global Greens Convenors Bob Hale and Gloria Polanco since 2020.

History

The world's first green parties were founded in 1972. These were in the Australian state of Tasmania (the United Tasmania Group) and in New Zealand (the Values Party). Others followed quickly: in 1973, PEOPLE (later the Ecology Party) was set up in the UK, and in other European countries Green and radical parties sprang up in the following years. ^[3]

Petra Kelly, a German ecofeminist activist, is often cited as one of the first thinkers and leaders of the green politics movement. Her work in founding the German Green Party in West Germany in 1980 was instrumental in bringing prominence to green political parties on both the national and international stages.

The first Planetary Meeting of the Greens was held in Rio de Janeiro on May 30–31, 1992 in conjunction with the Rio Earth Summit being concurrently held in Brazil. ^[4] It was here that the first ever Global Greens statement was issued, beginning with this preface:

Petra Kelly, a German ecofeminist and green politics thinker who founded the German Green Party in 1980

"Experience teaches us that governments are only moved to take environmental problems seriously when people vote for environmental political parties." ^[5]

The first Global Greens Congress was held in Canberra, Australia, in 2001. The official Global Greens Charter was issued here, and the Congress delegates set up the framework and organizational structures that would build the Global Greens into an ongoing international network and movement, including the Global Greens Coordination. In 2010, the first Global Greens Secretary was appointed. ^[3]

Global Greens Charter

The Global Greens Charter is the guiding document that establishes the principles and "core values" to which member parties and associated organizations should attempt to adhere. ^[6] It sets out global principles that cross boundaries to bind Greens from around the world together:

1. Participatory Democracy
2. Nonviolence
3. Social Justice
4. Sustainability
5. Respect for Diversity
6. Ecological Wisdom

Priorities outlined in the Charter include reforming the dominant economic model, tackling climate change, ending the hunger crisis, promoting vibrant democracy, working for peace, protecting biodiversity.

The Global Greens Charter has been reviewed and updated twice during Global Greens Congresses since its original publishing in 2001: once in Dakar, Senegal in 2012, and again in Liverpool, UK, in 2017. The updated 2017 version is offered in English, and past versions can be accessed in 11 various languages. ^[7]

Regional Federations of the Global Greens

The Global Greens are organized into four regional federations across the world:

• Asia Pacific Greens Federation
• European Green Party
• Federation of Green Parties of Africa
• Federation of the Green Parties of the Americas
• Federation of Green Parties of Oceania

Global Greens Coordination

The Global Greens has a 12-member steering committee called the Global Greens Coordination. ^[8] The makeup of this committee stems from three elected members from each of the four regional federations, supported by three alternates who can stand in when needed.

Global Greens Congress

The Global Greens have held four Congresses since 2001 in various locations around the world:

1. 2001 - Canberra, Australia
2. 2008 - São Paulo, Brazil
3. 2012 - Dakar, Senegal
4. 2017 - Liverpool, UK ^[9]

The Global Greens strives to achieve regional diversity and representation, encouraging Congress locations to represent the wide geographical spread of the organization's member parties and organizations. The next Global Greens Congress will be held in 2023. It will be hosted by the Green Party Korea in Seoul. ^[10]

Networks

Federation of Young European Greens demonstration in Copenhagen, during the Climate Summit 2009.

The Global Greens have five networks designed to enable global collaboration, communication and community among member parties and organizations:

• Friends of Global Greens
  • This network is composed of Green parties, parliamentarians and activists who make recurring donations of any amount to the Global Greens. ^[11]
• Global Greens LGBT+ Network
  • This network aims to:
    1. "Support LGBT+ groups within Green Parties around the world to work together and support each other;
    2. Support Green Parties looking to set up LGBT+ groups, and;
    3. Promote LGBT+ equality as outlined in the Global Greens Charter." ^[12]
• Global Greens Parliamentarians Network
  • This network is composed of Green Members of Parliament from Global Greens member parties and works to fulfil the following objectives:
    1. "To be active, in a coordinated manner, in our parliaments on issues of identified global concern, in order to influence the governments of our countries, and the public whom we represent, to the goals specifically identified by the Global Greens;
    2. To develop a mutually-reinforcing and mutually-supportive network of MPs, as individuals, to help us each to become most effective in our parliamentary action, and realise our potential as movers of positive global change, and;
    3. To achieve positive change for Green goals at the global and regional levels through the strengthening of international institutions, including more parliamentarian representation and decision-making influence in those bodies." ^[13]
• Global Greens Women's Network
  • This network supports the participation of Green women worldwide in democratic political processes, by focusing on:
    1. "Capacity building and empowerment: training and developing skills, such as public speaking and leadership;
    2. Governance and participation: confronting inequalities at the organizational level and exchanging best practices to tackle them and promote participation;
    3. Campaigning about major topics relevant to women: such as gender justice and climate change, and;
    4. Carrying out formal functions as part of global Greens governance: e.g. nominating women to the Asia-Pacific Greens Federation (APGF) Council." ^[14]
• Global Young Greens
  • This network is a "youth-led organization supporting and uniting the efforts of young people from a green-alternative spectrum around the world. It works towards (1) ecological sustainability, (2) social justice, (3) grassroots democracy and (4) peace." ^[15]

Global Greens Ambassadors

The Global Greens Coordination appointed Christine Milne AO as the first Global Greens Ambassador in 2015. Milne was appointed as Global Greens Ambassador in recognition of her considerable expertise in climate change and as an elected member of state and federal parliaments, including as Leader of the Australian Greens.

Member parties

  At least one full member party supports or participates in national government.

  At least one full member party is present in the national legislature.

  At least one full member party is present.

  At least one associate member party is present.

Member parties in the Americas

Marina Silva with Thomas Lovejoy and Stephen Schneider in April 2010

Affiliated members in North, Central and South America form the Federation of the Green Parties of the Americas. ^[16]

Jill Stein and Ajamu Baraka in August 2016.

Country	Name	National/Federal Government	State/Municipal Government	Notes
Argentina	Partido Verde	Extraparliamentary opposition	In opposition in Tierra del Fuego
Bolivia	Partido Verde de Bolivia
Brazil	Partido Verde	Junior party in coalition	The party is represented in several state legislatures.	in coalition 2003–2008
Canada	Green Party of Canada/Parti vert du Canada	Non-official party House of Commons: (2).	Provincial: British Columbia (2 members), New Brunswick (3), Ontario (2), Prince Edward Island (2). Municipal: Vancouver City Council (2).
Chile	Partido Ecologista Verde de Chile	in opposition	Two seats on regional boards.	One seat in the Chamber of Deputies.
Colombia	Alianza Verde	Junior party in coalition	Claudia López Hernández, a green, is mayor of Bogota. The party also has 3 regional governors and several mayors.
Mexico	Partido Ecologista Verde de México	Supporting coalition	Represented in several regional parliaments	The party is criticized for its alleged corruption. [17]
Peru	Partido Verde Peru
United States	Green Party of the United States	Extraparliamentary opposition	The party has representation on the Portland, Maine and Madison city councils, and several smaller ones.	The party was formerly represented in the Arkansas, California, Maryland, New Jersey, and Maine state legislatures, as well as the Minneapolis and Laredo city councils. [18]
Venezuela	Movimiento Ecológico de Venezuela	Extraparliamentary opposition

Member parties in Asia and Oceania

Bob Brown at a climate change rally in Melbourne on 5 July 2008

Affiliated members in Asia, Pacific and Oceania form the Asia Pacific Greens Federation. ^[19]

James Shaw, Minister for Climate Change (New Zealand), 2019.

Country	Name	National/Federal Government	State/Municipal Government	Notes
Australia	Australian Greens	In opposition (crossbench)	In coalition government in A.C.T., represented in all states and territory Parliaments aside from NT Represented in numerous local/city governments	Formerly in coalition in Tasmania from 2010–14
Bangladesh	Green Party of Bangladesh	Extraparliamentary opposition	unknown
India	India Greens Party	Extraparliamentary opposition
	Uttarakhand Parivartan Party (UKPP)	Extraparliamentary opposition
Iraq	Green Party of Iraq	Extraparliamentary opposition
Japan	Greens Japan	Extraparliamentary opposition	Kazumi Inamura, a green, is mayor of Amagasaki
South Korea	Green Party of Korea	Extraparliamentary opposition	unknown
Lebanon	Green Party of Lebanon	Extraparliamentary opposition
Mongolia	Mongolian Green Party	Extraparliamentary opposition
Nepal	Hariyali Nepal Party	Extraparliamentary opposition
Nepal	Hariyo Party	Extraparliamentary opposition
New Zealand	Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand	In opposition	The party endorsed the current mayor of Wellington Tory Whanau, and is represented on local councils in its own right in Wellington, Dunedin, and Palmerston North, and in Auckland through the City Vision joint ticket.	Formerly in coalition/Cooperation agreement/Confidence and supply in New Zealand from 1999–2002, 2005-2008, 2017-2023
Pakistan	Green Party of Pakistan	unknown	unknown
Republic of China (Taiwan)	Green Party Taiwan	Extraparliamentary opposition	Represented in Hsinchu County [20]
	Trees Party	Extraparliamentary opposition

Member parties in Africa

Wangari Maathai, Kenya.

Frank Habineza, Leader of the African Greens Federation since 2008.

Affiliated parties in Africa form the Federation of Green Parties of Africa.

Country	Name	National/Federal Government	State/Municipal Government	Notes
Angola	Partido Nacional Ecológico de Angola	unknown	unknown
Benin	Les Verts du Benin	Extraparliamentary Opposition
Burkina Faso	Parti Ecologiste pour le Développement du Burkina	unknown
	Rally of the Ecologists of Burkina
Burundi	Burundi Green Movement
Central African Republic	Mouvement des Verts de Centrafique
Chad	Union des Ecologistes Tchadiens - LES VERTS
Democratic Republic of the Congo	Rassemblement des écologistes congolais	Extraparliamentary Opposition		Represented in parliament 2006–11
Egypt	Egyptian Greens	unknown
Gabon	Parti Vert Gabonais/Gabon Green Party
Ghana	Ghana Green Movement
Guinea	Parti des Ecologistes Guineens
Ivory Coast	Parti Ecologique Ivoirien
Kenya	Mazingira Green Party	Extraparliamentary opposition
Madagascar	Madagascar Green Party	unknown
Mali	Parti Ecologiste du Mali
Mauritius	Les Verts Fraternels	Extraparliamentary opposition		In coalition 2005–10.
Morocco	Les Verts	unknown
Mozambique	Ecological Party of Mozambique	Extraparliamentary opposition	Extraparliamentary opposition
Niger	Rassemblement pour un Sahel Vert	unknown	unknown
Nigeria	Green Party of Nigeria
Rwanda	Democratic Green Party of Rwanda	In opposition
Senegal	Les Verts	Extraparliamentary opposition		Represented in parliament between 2007 and 2012
Sierra Leone	Sierra Leone Green Party	unknown
Somalia	Democratic Green Party of Somalia
South Africa	South African Green Alliance
Togo	Afrique Togo Ecologie
Tunisia	Tunisie Verte	Extraparliamentary opposition
Uganda	Ecological Party of Uganda	unknown
Zambia	National Revolution Green Party Zambia

Member parties in Europe

Affiliated members in Europe form the European Green Party.

Femke Halsema, 2010; mayor of Amsterdam since 2018

Country	Name	National/Federal Government	State/Municipal Government	European Parliament	Notes
Albania	Green Party of Albania	Extraparliamentary opposition	in opposition 34 local councillors, 8 in urban municipalities and 26 in rural municipalities [21]	Not an EU member
Andorra	Partit Verds d'Andorra	Extraparliamentary opposition	The party hasn't participated in recent local elections	Not an EU member
Austria	Die Grünen	Junior party in coalition	in coalition in Upper Austria, Carinthia, Tyrol, Salzburg and Vorarlberg	In opposition
Belgium	Ecolo	Junior party in coalition	Senior party in coalition in Wallonia and Brussels-Capital Region	In opposition	Form one Parliamentary group in the Federal Parliament
	Groen	Junior party in coalition	In opposition in Flanders	In opposition
Bulgaria	Zelena Partija	Extraparliamentary opposition	unknown	Extraparliamentary opposition
Cyprus	Movement of Ecologists – Citizens' Cooperation	In opposition		Extraparliamentary opposition
Czech Republic	Strana zelených	Extraparliamentary opposition		Extraparliamentary opposition	In coalition 2006–10
Estonia	Estonian Greens	Extraparliamentary opposition	2 local government seats out of the nationwide 1717, both in Antsla.	Extraparliamentary opposition
Finland	Vihreä liitto/Gröna förbundet/Ruoná lihttu	In opposition	Represented in several municipalities. It has the second largest group of councillors in Helsinki	In opposition	In coalition 1995–2003, 2007–2014, 2019-2023
France	Europe Écologie–Les Verts	In opposition	Senior coalition partner in Grenoble, Lyon, Bordeaux, Strasbourg, Marseille and Besançon. Also in coalition in Occitanie, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Centre-Val de Loire and Paris, Nantes, Rennes.	In opposition	In coalition 1997–2002, 2012–14, represented in parliament 1997-2017
Georgia	Sakartvelo's Mtsvaneta Partia/Green Party of Georgia	unknown	unknown	Not an EU member
Germany	Bündnis '90/Die Grünen	Junior party in coalition	Senior coalition partner in the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg, also junior coalition party in 10 of 16 states. Senior coalition partner in the cities of Stuttgart, Darmstadt, Freiburg im Breisgau and Heidelberg	in opposition	in coalition 1998–2005
Greece	Ecologoi Prasinoi/Ecologist Greens	Extraparliamentary opposition	Represented in 4/13 Regional Councils	Extraparliamentary opposition
Hungary	Lehet Más a Politika	In opposition	54 seats in local city councils	In opposition
Ireland   United Kingdom (NI)	Green Party/Comhaontas Glas	Junior party in coalition	44 councillors in ROI local government, 7 in NI local government	2 MEPs	In coalition in ROI 2007–2011, 2020–present
Italy	Green Europe	In opposition	Junior member of the governing coalition in Emilia-Romagna and Campania	Extraparliamentary opposition
	Verdi–Grüne–Vërc	Extraparliamentary opposition	The party has 3 members in the Landtag of South Tyrol.	Extraparliamentary opposition	Part of the Federazione dei Verdi before 2013
Luxembourg	Déi Gréng	In opposition	Christiane Brassel-Rausch, a green, is mayor of Differdange	In opposition
Malta	AD+PD	Extraparliamentary opposition		Extraparliamentary opposition
Moldova	Partidul Ecologist "Alianța Verde" din Moldova	unknown	unknown	Not an EU member
Netherlands	De Groenen	Extraparliamentary opposition	1 of 26 seats in the water board of Amstel, Gooi en Vecht	Extraparliamentary opposition
Netherlands	GroenLinks	In opposition	Senior coalition partner in North Holland, Groningen and Utrecht; junior partner in five other provinces. It is represented in most municipalities, it has the largest group of councillors in Nijmegen, Utrecht, Groningen and Amsterdam and is the senior government party there. It has 9 of 316 mayors, [22] including Femke Halsema of Amsterdam.	in opposition
North Macedonia	Demokratska Obnova na Makedonija	Junior party in coalition	unknown	Not an EU member
Norway	Miljøpartiet De Grønne	In opposition	In coalition in Oslo and Trondheim, represented in other big cities	in opposition
Poland	Partia Zieloni	Junior party in coalition	Represented in the regional parliaments of Silesia and West Pomerania, and the city councils of Warsaw and Opole	Extraparliamentary opposition
Portugal	Partido Ecologista Os Verdes	Extraparliamentary opposition	in coalition in some municipalities (with Portuguese Communist Party)	Extraparliamentary opposition
Romania	Green Party of Romania	Extraparliamentary opposition	2 mayor, 5 deputy-mayor, 117 local council member	Extraparliamentary opposition
Russia	Zelenaya Alternativa (GROZA)	unknown	unknown	Not an EU member
Scotland	Scottish Green Party	Cooperation agreement, with two ministers outside of cabinet	The party has 35 councillors across Scotland most notably 10 in Edinburgh and 10 in Glasgow	Not an EU member
Slovakia	Strana Zelených	Extraparliamentary opposition	unknown	Extraparliamentary opposition	Represented in parliament between 1990 and 2002
Slovenia	Stranka mladih Slovenije/Youth Party of Slovenia	Extraparliamentary opposition		Extraparliamentary opposition
Spain	Equo	1 deputy elected under the banner of Más País	In coalition in Valencia and Barcelona	In opposition
Sweden	Miljöpartiet de Gröna	In opposition	Represented in 168 of 290 municipalities, especially those in urban areas.	In opposition
Switzerland	Green Party of Switzerland	In opposition	Junior party in coalition cabinet in 7 cantons. Also in coalition in Bern, Geneva, Zurich, or Basel-City.	Not an EU member
Turkey	Green Left Party	Extraparliamentary opposition	unknown	Not an EU member	The party works inside HDP
Ukraine	Partija Zelenych Ukrajiny/Party of Greens of Ukraine	Extraparliamentary opposition	unknown	Not an EU member
United Kingdom ( England and Wales)	Green Party of England and Wales	The party is represented in parliament by one MP and two life peers	The party has 766 councillors in English and Welsh councils, and has majority control in Mid Suffolk, as well as being in coalition in several other councils. It also has 3 London AMs	Not an EU member	The party dominated the Brighton and Hove City Council between 2011 and 2015.

Observers and associate member parties

Tim Jackson, author of Prosperity Without Growth.

Country	Name	Government	Notes
Australia	Federation for a Democratic China	Extraparliamentary Opposition
Belarus	Belarusian Party "The Greens"
Bulgaria	Zelenite/The Greens
Costa Rica	Cartago Green Party		Represented at the local level
Denmark	Socialistisk Folkeparti	Parliamentary support	In coalition 2011–14
Dominican Republic	Partido Verde Dominicano	Extraparliamentary Opposition
French Guiana	Les Verts de Guyane
Guatemala	Partido Los Verdes de Guatemala	unknown
Indonesia	Atjeh Green Party	Extraparliamentary Opposition
	Indonesian Green Party
Nepal	Hariyali Nepal Party
Nicaragua	Verdes en Alianza	unknown
Philippines	Philippines Greens
Russia	Green Russia	Extraparliamentary Opposition
Serbia	Zeleni Srbije/Greens of Serbia	Junior party in coalition
Sri Lanka	Sri Lanka Green Alliance	Extraparliamentary Opposition

See also

• Biodiversity
• Climate change
• Conservation movement
• Direct democracy
• Earth science
• Ecology
• Ecosystem
• Environmental movement
• Grassroots democracy
• List of environmental organizations
• Natural environment
• Nature
• Nature conservation
• Participatory democracy
• Sustainability

References

1. "Global Greens Secretariat established in Brussels, Europe". globalgreens.org. 25 March 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
2. "Green Parties around the world | Global Greens". Archived from the original on 2014-10-20. Retrieved 2014-10-15.
3. "WHO WE ARE". Global Greens. 2011-04-20. Archived from the original on 2019-07-07. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
4. "Global Green Party History Chronology - 1992". Global Greens. 2008-08-02. Archived from the original on 2019-07-14. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
5. "Final Statement of the First Planetary Meeting of Greens in Rio de Janeiro, 31 May 1992". Global Greens. 1992-05-31. Archived from the original on 2019-04-29. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
6. "Global Greens Charter". globalgreens.org. 15 December 2007. Archived from the original on 14 May 2008. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
7. "Global Greens Charter". Global Greens. 2007-12-15. Archived from the original on 2019-10-23. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
8. "Global Greens Coordination". Global Greens. 2009-05-28. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
9. "Previous congresses". Global Greens. 2016-10-10. Archived from the original on 2019-02-13. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
10. "Korea 2022". Global Greens. Retrieved 2021-05-31.
11. "Friends of the Global Greens (FRoGG)". Global Greens. 2014-02-06. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
12. "Global Greens LGBT+ Network". Global Greens LGBT+ Network. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
13. "Parliamentarians Association (GGPA)". Global Greens. 2016-01-29. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
14. "Women's Network (GGWN)". Global Greens. 2016-01-29. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
15. "Global Young Greens (GYG)". Global Greens. 2016-01-29. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
16. "GG Member". Global Greens. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
17. Tim Johnson, For Mexico's Ecologist Green Party, 'green' mostly means money, not environment, McClatchy Newspapers (June 18, 2012).
18. "Greens in Office". GPUS Elections Database. Retrieved 2022-04-29.
19. "Members of APGF". Asia Pacific Greens. 2013-09-12. Retrieved 2020-09-25.
20. "18年來首次！綠黨攻下兩席市議員 – 政治 – 自由時報電子報". ltn.com.tw. 30 November 2014. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
21. "Partia e Gjelbër është e përfaqësuar me këshilltarë lokal në 8 Bashki dhe 26 Komuna". Archived from the original on 2013-01-14. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
22. "Landelijk overzicht burgemeestersposten (Kroonbenoemde burgemeesters)". Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations (in Dutch). May 4, 2022.

External links

• Official website