The Treaty on European Union (2007) is one of the primary Treaties of the European Union, alongside the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The TEU forms the basis of EU law, by setting out general principles of the EU's purpose, the governance of its central institutions, as well as the rules on external, foreign and security policy.
The People's Front for Democracy and Justice is the founding and ruling political party of the State of Eritrea. The successor to the formerly left-wing nationalist and Marxist–Leninist Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), the PFDJ holds itself open to nationalists of any political affiliation. The leader of the PFDJ party and current President of Eritrea is Isaias Afewerki. It has been widely accused of totalitarianism.
Nechirvan Idris Barzani is a Kurdish politician serving as the second President of the Kurdistan Region. He was elected into office by the Kurdistan Region Parliament in June 2019. Nechirvan Barzani was appointed as Vice President of the Kurdistan Democratic Party since 2010. He previously served as Prime Minister of the Kurdistan Regional Government from March 2006 to August 2009 and March 2012 to May 2019, leading a number of strategic and innovative developments in the Kurdistan Region.
Britishness is the state or quality of being British, or of embodying British characteristics. It comprises the claimed qualities that bind and distinguish the British people and form the basis of their unity and identity, and the expressions of British culture—such as habits, behaviours, or symbols—that have a common, familiar or iconic quality readily identifiable with the United Kingdom. Dialogue about the legitimacy and authenticity of Britishness is intrinsically tied with power relations and politics; in terms of nationhood and belonging, expressing or recognising one's Britishness provokes a range of responses and attitudes, such as advocacy, indifference, or rejection.
A constitution of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) was first promulgated in 1976, but it has been revised several times since then. The last major redrafting came in 1991, but this version was further changed by the Sahrawi National Council — the SADR's parliament in exile — in 1995 and 1999.
Islamic Virtue Party is an Iraqi political party. a student of and thus represent a branch of the Sadrist Movement. However the party is not affiliated with Muqtada al-Sadr, and is in fact a rival to his branch of the Sadrists.
Censorship in Iraq has changed under different regimes, most recently due to the 2003 invasion of Iraq.
The Republic of Iraq's legal system is in a period of transition in light of the 2003 invasion that led to the fall of the Baath Party. Iraq does have a written constitution, as well as a civil, criminal and personal status law. In September 2008, the Iraqi Legal Database, a comprehensive database that makes all Iraqi positive law freely available to users online, was launched.
The Ecologist Green Party, formerly known as the Ecologist Party of Moldova "Green Alliance" is a green political party in Moldova.
No Peace Without Justice (NPWJ) or Non C'è Pace Senza Giustizia (NPSG) is an Italian non-profit organization, founded in 1993 by Emma Bonino, an Italian politician, former Member of the European Parliament and current Member of the Italian Senate. NPWJ is based in Rome and is a member of the Steering Committee of the NGO Coalition for the International Criminal Court (CICC) and a constituent association of the Nonviolent Transnational Radical Party, an NGO with General Consultative Status at the United Nations ECOSOC. The main programs areas are on international criminal justice, female genital mutilation, MENA democracy, including the Iraq project. Human rights are most at threat in situations of conflict, where even the international community often promotes short-term measures intended to stop the fighting, but which breed more conflict, perpetuate impunity and undermine the rule of law, unless they provide accountability for the crimes and redress for the victims. Justice, democracy and the rule of law are the pillars of sustainable peace by guaranteeing fundamental freedoms and human rights. NPWJ's original core activities since 1993 were designed to promote the establishment of a permanent International Criminal Court as part of a more effective international criminal justice system for the prevention, deterrence and prosecution of war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide.
Socialist Youth is the youth organisation of the Socialist Party of Portugal. The Socialist Youth (JS) is a political organization that emerges as a youth party of the Socialist Party. It is integrated, politically and ideologically, into democratic socialism and social-democracy). It is made up of young people over 14 and under 30, Portuguese or resident in Portugal. At the moment this organization is directed by Maria Begonha, chosen in the XXI National Congress of the JS, that was realized in Almada in December 2018. It is a political organization of young Portuguese who accept the political platform approved in Congress, the Declaration of Principles and Program of the Socialist Party, with the aim of building a more just and solidary society in Portugal. The Socialist Youth finds in this political and ideological current a progressive project of social transformation, centered on the values of Equality, Solidarity and Freedom.
Human rights in Bhutan are those outlined in Article 7 of its Constitution. The Royal Government of Bhutan has affirmed its commitment to the "enjoyment of all human rights" as integral to the achievement of 'gross national happiness' (GNH); the unique principle which Bhutan strives for, as opposed to fiscally based measures such as GDP.
Kenya National Congress (KNC) is a Kenyan political party founded in 1992 the early days of the return of Multiparty Democracy as a result of a split in FORD-Asili. It has consistently fielded candidates in general elections since 1992 at Parliamentary and Local Authority levels. The party sponsored Gatanga Member of Parliament Peter Kenneth, who launched his presidential bid on the party ticket, as well as an alliance between him and Raphael Tuju of the Party of Action The stated vision of KNC, as according to its official web site, is to see Kenya as a proud and prosperous nation that takes care of all her citizens and where hope and self-confidence thrives among all Kenyans both at home and abroad.
"Jewish and democratic state" is the Israeli legal definition of the nature and character of the State of Israel. The "Jewish" nature was first defined within the Declaration of Independence of 1948. The "Democratic" character was first officially added in the amendment to the Basic Law: the Knesset that was passed in 1985.
The Papua New Guinea Greens Party or PNG Greens are a minor political party in Papua New Guinea. Founded in 2001, the party took part in the 2002, 2007 and 2012 general elections, without winning a seat. They are a member of the Global Greens and of the Asia Pacific Greens Federation.
The Green Party of Idaho is the state party organization for Idaho of the Green Party of the United States.
Malaysian United Indigenous Party or Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia, is a nationalist political party in Malaysia formed on 8 September 2016. The party is led by Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad as Chairman and Muhyiddin Yassin as President. Mukhriz Mahathir, Chief Minister of Kedah, is the party Deputy-President. Other founding members of the party include United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) rebel group Gabungan Ketua Cawangan Malaysia, chairperson and former Teluk Kemang UMNO branch chief Kamarul Azman Habibur Rahman, former Langkawi UMNO delegate Anina Saadudin, and former Bendang Baru UMNO youth chief Akhramsyah Sanusi. It is a component party of the government coalition in Malaysia, the Pakatan Harapan (PH).
