Pirate Party

Last updated

Pirate Party
Ideology Pirate politics

Pirate Party is a label adopted by various political parties worlwide, [1] [2] [3] [4] characterized by a set of values and policies focused on civil rights (freedom of information, freedom of the press and free speech), digital rights and internet freedom. Central to their values is the defense of free access to and sharing of knowledge, opposition to intellectual monopolies, and a commitment to transparent and open e-government, implementing a hybrid democratic model that integrates direct digital democracy (e-democracy) mechanisms with representative democratic institutions (collaborative e-democracy), and ensuring that participation and decision-making is distribuited among citizens through technologies like blockchain and liquid democracy (e-participation). This model incorporates also AI-assisted governance, secure and transparent electronic voting systems, data-driven decision-making processes, evidence-based policies, technology assessments, and anti-corruption measures to strengthen democratic processes.

Contents

Pirate Parties also promote universal internet access, digital inclusion, and STEM and cybersecurity education. They also support universal basic income as a response to the economic challenges posed by advanced automation, and advocate for digital literacy programs to address digital divide. They advocate for copyright and patent laws reform, aiming to make them more flexible and fairer, to foster innovation and balance creator' rights with public access to knowledge, supporting shorter copyright terms and promoting open access to scientific research and educational resources. These parties are also strong proponents of free and open-source software development and algorithmic transparency to prevent bias and discrimination.

The Pirate Party's approach to platform governance emphasizes self-regulation within democratic frameworks. They believe that digital platforms should operate with minimal external oversight and that technological solutions—such as end-to-end encryption, personal filters, and automated content moderation tools—are more effective than government regulations or human moderators. This approach, aligned with the "code is law" philosophy famously articulated by Lawrence Lessig, asserts that well-designed open-source code can better protect users' privacy and freedom than centralized regulatory systems.

Enforcing net neutrality is another key pillar, advocating for equal access to the internet and opposing any attempts to restrict or prioritize internet traffic. Equally crucial in their programs are public and private investments in R&D, tech startups, digital infrastructure, smart city technologies to optimize urban infrastructures, and robust cybersecurity measures to protect these systems from cyberattacks. In contrast to many traditional political positions, Pirate parties reject cyber sovereignty and digital protectionism, advocating instead for the free flow of information across borders and the reduction of digital barriers between countries, while also reducing the influence of both corporate and state monopolies. Therefore, they argue that the internet should remain an open public space, free from restrictions, where people can access, create, and share content without fear of coercion.

They believe in a fairer and more inclusive economy based on commons-based peer production and collaborative consumption, viewing technological innovation as part of the global digital commons—freely accessible to everyone. These parties strongly defend decentralized technologies such as blockchain, cryptocurrencies, and peer-to-peer networks and privacy-enhancing technologies: strong encryption and anonymity are essential tools to protect personal data, privacy and information security, both online and offline, against mass surveillance, data collection without consent, content censorship without due process, forced decryption, internet throttling or blocking, backdoor requirements in encryption, discriminatory algorithmic practices, unauthorized access to personal data, and the abuse of power by Big Tech. [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] Ultimately, protecting individual freedom is at the core of their political agenda, seen as a bulwark against the growing power of corporations and governments in controlling information and digital autonomy. This aligns perfectly with cyber-libertarian values and principles. [11]

While the name pirate party originally alluded to online piracy, members have made concerted efforts to connect pirate parties to all forms of piracy, from pirate radio to the Golden Age of Pirates. Pirate parties are often considered outside of the economic left–right spectrum or to have context-dependent appeal. [12]

History

The first Pirate Party to be established was the Pirate Party of Sweden (Swedish : Piratpartiet), whose website was launched on 1 January 2006 by Rick Falkvinge. Falkvinge was inspired to found the party after he found that Swedish politicians were generally unresponsive to Sweden's debate over changes to copyright law in 2005. [13]

The United States Pirate Party was founded on 6 June 2006 by University of Georgia graduate student Brent Allison. The party's concerns were abolishing the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, reducing the length of copyrights from 95 years after publication or 70 years after the author's death to 14 years, and the expiry of patents that do not result in significant progress after four years, as opposed to 20 years. However, Allison stepped down as leader three days after founding the party. [14]

The Pirate Party of Austria (German : Piratenpartei Österreichs) was founded in July 2006 in the run-up to the 2006 Austrian legislative election by Florian Hufsky and Jürgen "Juxi" Leitner. [15]

The Pirate Party of Finland was founded in 2008 and entered the official registry of Finnish political parties in 2009.

The Pirate Party of the Czech Republic (Czech : Česká pirátská strana) was founded on 19 April 2009 by Jiří Kadeřávek.

The 2009 European Parliament election took place between the 4 and 7 June 2009, and various Pirate Parties stood candidates. The most success was had in Sweden, where the Pirate Party of Sweden won 7.1% of the vote, and had Christian Engström elected as the first ever Pirate Party Member of European Parliament (MEP). [16] [17] Following the introduction of the Treaty of Lisbon, the Pirate Party of Sweden were afforded another MEP in 2011, that being Amelia Andersdotter.

On 30 July 2009, the Pirate Party UK was registered with the Electoral Commission. Its first party leader was Andrew Robinson, and its treasurer was Eric Priezkalns. [18] [19] [20]

In April 2010, an international organisation to encourage cooperation and unity between Pirate Parties, Pirate Parties International, was founded in Belgium. [21]

In the 2011 Berlin state election to the Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin, the Pirate Party of Berlin (a state chapter of Pirate Party Germany) won 8.9% of the vote, which corresponded to winning 15 seats. [22] [23] John Naughton, writing for The Guardian , argued that the Pirate Party of Berlin's success could not be replicated by the Pirate Party UK, as the UK does not use a proportional representation electoral system. [24]

In the 2013 Icelandic parliamentary election, the Icelandic Pirate Party won 5.1% of the vote, returning three Pirate Party Members of Parliament. Those were Birgitta Jónsdóttir for the Southwest Constituency, Helgi Hrafn Gunnarsson for Reykjavik Constituency North and Jón Þór Ólafsson for Reykjavik Constituency South. [25] [26] Birgitta had previously been an MP for the Citizens' Movement (from 2009 to 2013), representing Reykjavik Constituency South. As of 2015, it was the largest political party in Iceland, with 23.9% of the vote. [27]

The 2014 European Parliament election took place between 22 and 24 May. Felix Reda was at the top of the list for Pirate Party Germany, and was subsequently elected as the party received 1.5% of the vote. Other notable results include the Czech Pirate Party, who received 4.8% of the vote, meaning they were only 0.2% shy of getting elected, the Pirate Party of Luxembourg, who received 4.2% of the vote, and the Pirate Party of Sweden, who received 2.2% of the vote, but lost both their MEPs. [28]

Reda had previously worked as an assistant in the office of former Pirate Party MEP Amelia Andersdotter. [29] On 11 June 2014, Reda was elected vice-president of the Greens/EFA group in the European Parliament. [30] Reda was given the job of copyright reform rapporteur. [31]

The Icelandic Pirate Party was leading the national polls in March 2015, with 23.9%. The Independence Party polled 23.4%, only 0.5% behind the Pirate Party. According to the poll, the Pirate Party would win 16 seats in the Althing. [32] [33] In April 2016, in the wake of the Panama Papers scandal, polls showed the Icelandic Pirate Party at 43% and the Independence Party at 21.6%, [34] although the Pirate Party eventually won 15% of the vote and 10 seats in the 29 October 2016 parliamentary election.

In April 2017, a group of students at University of California, Berkeley formed a Pirate Party to participate in the Associated Students of the University of California senate elections, winning the only third-party seat. [35]

The Czech Pirate Party entered the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Parliament for the first time after the election held on 20 and 21 October 2017, with 10.8% of the vote.

The Czech Pirate Party, after finishing in second place with 17.1% of the vote in the 2018 Prague municipal election held on 5 and 6 October 2018, formed a coalition with Prague Together and United Forces for Prague (TOP 09, Mayors and Independents, KDU-ČSL, Liberal-Environmental Party and SNK European Democrats). The representative of the Czech Pirate Party, Zdeněk Hřib, was selected to be Mayor of Prague. This was probably the first time a pirate party member became the mayor of a major world city.

At the 2019 European Parliament election, three Czech Pirate MEPs and one German Pirate MEP were voted in and joined the Greens–European Free Alliance, the aforementioned group in the European Parliament that had previously included Swedish Pirate MEPs and German Julia Reda.

Some campaigns have included demands for the reform of copyright and patent laws. [36] In 2010, Swedish MEP Christian Engström called for supporters of amendments to the Data Retention Directive to withdraw their signatures, citing a misleading campaign. [37]

International organizations

.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} Elected in EU Parliament Elected nationally Elected locally Registered for elections Registered in some administrative regions Unregistered but active Status unknown Map of Pirate Parties.svg
  Elected in EU Parliament
  Elected nationally
  Elected locally
  Registered for elections
  Registered in some administrative regions
  Unregistered but active
  Status unknown

Pirate Parties International

Pirate Parties International (PPI) is the umbrella organization of the national Pirate Parties. Since 2006, the organization has existed as a loose union [38] of the national parties. Since October 2009, Pirate Parties International has had the status of a non-governmental organization (Feitelijke vereniging) based in Belgium. The organization was officially founded at a conference from 16 to 18 April 2010 in Brussels, when the organization's statutes were adopted by the 22 national pirate parties represented at the event. [39]

European Pirate Party

The European Pirate Party (PPEU) is a European political alliance founded in March 2014 which consists of various pirate parties within European countries. [40] It is not currently registered as a European political party. [41]

Parti Pirate Francophone

In Parti Pirate Francophone, the French-speaking Pirate Parties are organized. Current members are the pirates parties in Belgium, Côte d'Ivoire, France, Canada, and Switzerland. [42]

European Parliament elections

2009

StateDate%Seats
Sweden 7 June 20097.12
Germany 7 June 20090.90

2013

StateDate%Seats
Croatia *14 April 20131.10

*Held in 2013 due to Croatia's entry into EU

2014

StateDate%Seats
United Kingdom 122 May 20140.50
Netherlands 22 May 20140.90
Austria 225 May 20142.10
Croatia 25 May 20140.40
Czech Republic 25 May 20144.80
Finland 25 May 20140.70
France 25 May 20140.30
Germany 25 May 20141.51
Greece 325 May 20140.90
Estonia 425 May 20141.80
Luxembourg 25 May 20144.20
Poland 25 May 2014<0.10
Slovenia 25 May 20142.60
Spain 25 May 20140.20
Sweden 25 May 20142.20

1Party only participated in North West England constituency
2PPAT is in alliance with two other parties: The Austrian Communist Party and Der Wandel. The alliance is called "Europa Anders" and also includes some independents in their lists
3with Ecological Greens
4PPEE are campaigning for an independent candidate (Silver Meikar) who supports the pirate program

2019

StateDateVotes%Seats
Czech Republic 24 May 2019330,84414.03
Finland 26 May 201912,5790.70
France 26 May 201930,1050.10
Germany 26 May 2019243,3020.71
Italy 26 May 201960,8090.20
Luxembourg 26 May 201996,5797.70
Spain 26 May 201916,7550.10
Sweden 26 May 201926,5260.60

2024

StateDateVotes%Seats
Czech Republic 24 May 2024184,0916.201
France 26 May 202428,7450.10
Germany 26 May 2024186,7730.41
Luxembourg 26 May 202468,0854.920
Spain 26 May 202414,4840.10
Sweden 26 May 202415,4030.40

National elections

CountryDate%Seats
Sweden 17 September 20060.60/349
Germany 27 September 20092.00/622
Sweden 19 September 20100.70/349
United Kingdom 6 May 20100.40/650
Netherlands 9 June 20100.10
Finland 17 April 20110.50
Canada 2 May 2011<0.10
Switzerland 23 October 20110.50
Spain 20 November 20110.10
Greece 6 May 20120.50
Greece 17 June 20120.20
Netherlands 15 March 20170.30
Israel 22 January 20130.10
Iceland 27 April 20135.13/63
Iceland 29 October 201614.510/63
Iceland 15 September 20179.26/63
Iceland 25 September 20218.66/63
Iceland 2 December 20243.020/63
Australia 7 September 20130.30
Australia 2 July 2016<0.10
Australia 18 May 2019TBA0
Australia (as Fusion Party)21 May 2022TBA0
Norway 9 September 20130.30
Germany 22 September 20132.20
Austria 29 September 20130.80
Luxembourg 20 October 20132.90
Slovenia 13 July 20141.30
Sweden 14 September 20140.40
Israel 17 March 2015<0.10
Finland 19 April 20150.90
United Kingdom 6 May 2015<0.10
Germany 24 September 20170.40
Czech Republic 21 October 201710.822/200
Iceland 28 October 20179.26/63
Slovenia 3 June 20182.20
Sweden 9 September 20180.10
Luxembourg 14 October 20186.52/60
Israel 9 April 2019<0.10
Finland 14 April 20190.60
Belgium 26 May 20190.10
Czech Republic 9 October 202115.68 (in coalition with Mayors and Independents 4

Elected representatives

Representatives of the Pirate Party movement that have been elected to a national or supranational legislature.

Pirate Party of Sweden

Czech Pirate Party

Czech Pirate Party MPs in 2019 Czech Pirate Party press conference 4 June 2019.jpg
Czech Pirate Party MPs in 2019

Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic

Since the 2021 Czech legislative election, the following 4 MPs are in office:

The following served as MPs during the 2017–2021 term:

Senate of the Czech Republic

Since the 2024 Czech senate election, the party has 1 senator:

The following are former senators:

European Parliament

Since the 2024 EU elections, the party has 1 MEP:

The following are former MEPs:

Pirate Party Germany

Since the 2024 EU elections, the party does not have any national elected representatives. The former MEPs are as follows:

Pirate Party Iceland

Since the 2024 parliamentary election, the party does not have any national elected representatives. The former MPs are as follows:

Pirate Party Luxembourg

National parties

Outside Sweden, pirate parties have been started in over 40 countries, [49] inspired by the Swedish initiative.

See also

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References

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  44. ↑ "Mgr. Radek Holomcik". public.psp.cz. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
  45. ↑ "Bc. Frantisek Navrkal". public.psp.cz. Archived from the original on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2020.[ verification needed ]
  46. ↑ "Tomas Vymazal". public.psp.cz. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
  47. ↑ "Mgr. Radek Holomcik". public.psp.cz. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2020.[ verification needed ]
  48. ↑ "Defection complete: Former Pirate Party MP Ben Polidori joins LSAP: statement". today.rtl.lu. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
  49. ↑ "Piratenpartij presenteert verkiezingsprogramma" (in Dutch). 3VOOR12 NL. 20 May 2010. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 9 April 2011.
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