Garrett Advancing Motion

Last updated
Garrett - Advancing Motion
Formerly
  • Honeywell Turbo Technologies
  • Honeywell Transportation Systems
  • Garrett AiResearch's Industrial Division
Public
Traded as NYSE:  GTX
S&P 600 component
Russell 1000 Index component
Industry Automotive
Founded1954 as Garrett AiResearch's Industrial Division
2018 as independent company
Headquarters Rolle, Switzerland
Products Turbochargers
RevenueIncrease2.svg US$3.375 billion (2018) [1]
Increase2.svg US$1.180 billion (2018) [1]
Number of employees
6,000 (2018)
Website www.garrettmotion.com
Footnotes /references
[2] [3]

Garrett - Advancing Motion, also known as Garrett Motion, formerly Honeywell Transportation Systems and Honeywell Turbo Technologies, is an American company primarily involved in engineering, development and manufacturing of turbochargers and related forced induction systems for ground vehicles from small passenger cars to large trucks and industrial equipment and construction machinery. It originated as part of Garrett AiResearch's Industrial Division in Phoenix, Arizona in 1954, after which they entered a contract to provide 5,000 turbochargers for the Caterpillar mining vehicle. It manufactured turbochargers for railroads and commercial trucks. The business produced approximately $3.2 billion in revenue in 2011. Honeywell is also involved in motorsports providing turbochargers and forced induction systems, solutions and related equipment to racing teams and various forms of automobile racing and professional competitions. [4] In 2004, the business became part of American industrial conglomerate Honeywell International, Inc. as their Transportation Systems division. In 2018, it was spun off to become an independent company under the Garrett - Advancing Motion name with corporate headquarters in Rolle, Switzerland.

Contents

History

Garrett AiResearch formed AiResearch Industrial Division after getting an order to turbocharge 5,000 Caterpillar mining vehicles like the one depicted above. CamionFermont.png
Garrett AiResearch formed AiResearch Industrial Division after getting an order to turbocharge 5,000 Caterpillar mining vehicles like the one depicted above.

John Clifford "Cliff" Garrett founded the Aircraft Tool and Supply Company in a one-room office in Los Angeles in 1936. [5] [6] In 1938, the company changed its name to Garrett Corporation, consolidating several companies into one with three divisions. The company produced aircraft turbochargers for the war effort in World War II, as well as avionics, environmental controls and other products. [6]

In the 1950s, the city of Los Angeles and other municipalities started using turbochargers in their sewage purification operations. By 1952, 20,000 turbocharged engines were in use in the US. [7] In order to explore applications of turbochargers for diesel engines, Garrett separated the turbocharger group from the gas turbine group on September 27, 1954, to form the AiResearch Industrial Division (AID). [8]

The first T-15 Turbocharger was delivered to the Caterpillar Company in 1955. [9] It was followed by an order for 5,000 production units, to be installed in the Caterpillar D9 tractor. [10] [7] The industrial division produced turbochargers for construction machinery, railroad locomotives, tractors, ships, powerplants and oil pipeline pumping stations. [7]

The Chevrolet Corvair Monza was one of the first turbocharged passenger vehicles. It was the sports model in the Corvair lineup. 1964 Corvair Monza.jpg
The Chevrolet Corvair Monza was one of the first turbocharged passenger vehicles. It was the sports model in the Corvair lineup.

The T11 automotive turbocharger developed in 1960 expanded turbos to commercial vehicles such as the heavy trucks produced by Mack Trucks, Volvo and Scania. [7] The first turbocharged passenger cars were the Chevrolet Corvair Monza and the Oldsmobile Jetfire in 1962/1963. In the 1960s turbochargers were used in race-cars and sports cars, gaining an association with racing culture and auto-enthusiasts. [11] Company founder Cliff Garrett’s death in 1963 was followed by a hostile takeover threat by Curtiss-Wright Corporation. To avoid this, Garrett Corporation merged with Signal Oil and Gas Company in 1964. [6] The combined company adopted the name The Signal Companies in 1968 [10] before merging with Allied Corporation to become Allied-Signal Inc.

The oil crisis of the 1970s made federal regulators put pressure on car manufacturers to reduce exhaust emissions. By 1977 manufacturers introduced turbocharged cars in the US and Europe like the second generation Buick Regal and LeSabre sports coupe as well as European cars by Volvo, Saab, Peugeot, Renault and Mercedes. [7] In 1978 there were only eight turbocharged car models and seven used Garrett turbochargers. [7] Garrett formed the automotive group in 1980 and by the mid-1980s there were over 100 turbocharged models. [7] Turbochargers became commonplace by the 1990s. [11]

Audi R18 TDI, with Garrett turbocharger. Audi-R18-TDI-2011.JPG
Audi R18 TDI, with Garrett turbocharger.

In 1994, Allied-Signal acquired the Lycoming Turbine Engine Division of Textron followed by the sale of the Garrett Aviation Division to General Electric three years later. In 1999, it merged with Honeywell International Inc. and adopted Honeywell as the company name. [6] In 2011, Honeywell sold its automotive Consumer Products Group to Rank Group, a New Zealand private investment firm, for $950 million. This included brands like Fram Filters, Prestone antifreeze and Autolite spark plugs. [12]

In the 2000s Garrett’s turbochargers were installed in the engines of the Chevrolet Sonic, Mercedes S 350, Volkswagen Polo, BMW X6 ActiveHybrid, Ford F-350, Volkswagen Golf and Jaguar XF among others. [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] In 2010 the company developed 15 new technologies for 100 new engines, including the world’s first use of ball bearing technology in a mainstream light vehicle diesel engine. [18] Garrett has developed the world’s smallest turbo for the Tata Nano [19] [20] as well as for the 100-liter engine of the Caterpillar mining truck. [19] [20] [20]

Business

On October 1, 2018, Garrett Motion Inc. became an independent publicly-traded company through a pro rata distribution by Honeywell International Inc. (“Parent” or “Honeywell”) of 100% of the then-outstanding shares of Garrett to Honeywell’s stockholders (the “SpinOff”). Each Honeywell stockholder of record received one share of Garrett common stock for every 10 shares of Honeywell common stock held on the record date. Approximately 74 million shares of Garrett common stock were distributed on October 1, 2018 to Honeywell stockholders.[ citation needed ]

Turbo racing

The Garrett brand competes in numerous motorsport series and supports sports car racing, drag racing, rally racing, and open-wheel racing. Racing vehicles using a Garrett turbo include: [21]

YearTeamRaceOEM/Aftermarket PerformanceNotes
1969Lotus-FordIndianapolis 500OEMGarrett TE06
1977RenaultFormula One World ChampionshipOEMThe first turbocharged engine in a Formula One race
1978RenaultLe Mans ClassicOEM
1979SaabWorld Rally ChampionshipOEM
1987LanciaWorld Rally Manufacturers' ChampionshipOEM
1988NissanInternational Motorsport Association ChampionshipAftermarketT04S turbocharger
1994ToyotaPikes Peak International Hill ClimbAftermarket
2000Audi24 Hours of Le MansOEM Audi R8 used twin Garrett Motorsport turbochargers
2004PSA Peugeot CitroënWorld Rally Manufacturers' ChampionshipOEM
2001Audi24 Hours of Le MansOEM Audi R8 used twin Garrett Motorsport turbochargers
2002Audi24 Hours of Le MansOEM Audi R8 used twin Garrett Motorsport turbochargers
2003Bentley24 Hours of Le MansOEM Bentley Speed 8 used twin Garrett Motorsport turbochargers
2004Audi24 Hours of Le MansOEM Audi R8 used twin Garrett Motorsport turbochargers
2005Audi24 Hours of Le MansOEM Audi R8 used twin Garrett Motorsport turbochargers
2006Audi24 Hours of Le MansOEM Audi R10 TDI used twin Garrett Motorsport turbochargers
2007Audi24 Hours of Le MansOEM Audi R10 TDI used twin Garrett Motorsport turbochargers
2008Audi24 Hours of Le MansOEM Audi R10 TDI used twin Garrett Motorsport turbochargers
2009Peugeot24 Hours of Le MansOEM Peugeot 908 HDi FAP used twin Garrett Motorsport turbochargers
2010Audi24 Hours of Le MansOEM Audi R15 TDI LMP1 car was fitted with a custom made Honeywell variable nozzle turbocharger. This turbocharger was made specifically for the race. [22]
2011+Various World Rally Championship OEMAll factory 1.6L WRC rally cars used a Garrett Motorsport turbocharger from 2011 - 2019; Citroën, Ford / M-Sport, Hyundai, Mini / Prodrive, Toyota, Volkswagen.
2011Audi24 Hours of Le MansOEM Audi R18 TDI was fitted with variable geometry Garrett turbocharger
2011CitroenWorld Rally ChampionshipOEMThe Citroën DS3 WRC used a Garrett turbocharger [23] [24]
2012Audi24 Hours of Le MansOEM Audi R18 e-tron quattro used a single Garrett Motorsport turbocharger
2013Audi24 Hours of Le MansOEM Audi R18 e-tron quattro used a single Garrett Motorsport turbocharger
2013PeugeotPikes Peak International HillclimbOEMRecord-setting Peugeot 208 T16 Pikes Peak used twin Garrett TR30R Motorsport turbochargers
2014Audi24 Hours of Le MansOEM Audi R18 e-tron quattro used a single Garrett Motorsport turbocharger
2015Porsche24 Hours of Le MansOEM Porsche 919 Hybrid used a single Garrett Motorsport turbocharger
2016 - 2019Ford24 Hours of Le Mans / WEC, IMSA OEM Ford GT with 3.5L EcoBoost V6 used twin Garrett Motorsport turbochargers, campaigned by Chip Ganassi Racing, winning LMGTE Pro class at Le Mans in 2016, and 18 other races. [25]
2016Porsche24 Hours of Le MansOEM Porsche 919 Hybrid used a single Garrett Motorsport turbocharger
2017Porsche24 Hours of Le MansOEM Porsche 919 Hybrid used a single Garrett Motorsport turbocharger
2018Toyota24 Hours of Le MansOEM Toyota TS050 Hybrid used twin Garrett Motorsport turbochargers
2019Audi Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters OEMGarrett Advancing Motion developed a standard turbocharger kit for all DTM cars since 2019
2019Toyota24 Hours of Le MansOEM Toyota TS050 Hybrid used twin Garrett Motorsport turbochargers

Technologies and products

The different types and sizes of Garrett's turbochargers. Garrett broadest chart.jpg
The different types and sizes of Garrett's turbochargers.

Garrett offers gasoline-powered turbochargers called wastegate turbos. They are designed to be smaller than previous turbo generations, have higher fuel efficiency, more torque, and meet emissions standards. [26] Garrett also offers Variable-geometry turbochargers called VNT. [27] They have nine moveable vanes, an electrohydraulic actuator and a proportional solenoid for variable control throughout the engine’s power curve. [11] [28] This means the air passageway of the turbo varies to meet the engine’s needs at different RPMs. Forty million VNT turbochargers have been sold since the 1990s. [29] VNT DutyDrive, previously called Double Axle VNT, uses 12-19 turbine nozzle vanes supported by twin axles for trucks and buses. [30]

Garrett also offers a diesel engine version of wastegate turbos and VNTs. [31] Dual-Stage turbochargers use two smaller turbochargers either side-by-side (parallel) or in sequence (serial). [31] The first is used at low speeds and a valve opens up the second as engine RPMs increase. The dual-stage used in the Audi A6/A7 three liter V6 engine however runs both turbochargers at a lower pressure mode and some use one larger turbo followed by a smaller one. [32] The Dualboost has dual compressors to mimic a twin turbocharger. [33]

Patents

Garrett Motion has patented a single-cartridge, dual ball bearing technology, which uses a single sleeve system with a set of angular ball bearings on either end. This creates a rolling rather than sliding mechanism between parts intended to reduce the amount of pressure required to achieve airflow. [28] [34]

Related Research Articles

Turbocharger forced induction device for internal combustion engines

A turbocharger, colloquially known as a turbo, is a turbine-driven, forced induction device that increases an internal combustion engine's efficiency and power output by forcing extra compressed air into the combustion chamber. This improvement over a naturally aspirated engine's power output is due to the fact that the compressor can force more air—and proportionately more fuel—into the combustion chamber than atmospheric pressure alone.

Fiat Croma The name used for two different large family cars produced by Italian automaker Fiat

The Fiat Croma is the name used for two different large family cars produced by Italian automaker Fiat, one a five door liftback built from 1985 to 1996, and the other a crossover station wagon built from 2005 to 2010.

Nissan S130

The Nissan S130 is a sports coupé produced by Nissan in Japan from 1978 to 1983. It was sold as the Datsun 280ZX, Nissan Fairlady Z and Nissan Fairlady 280Z, depending on the market. In Japan, it was exclusive to Nissan Bluebird Store locations. It was the second generation Z-car, replacing the Nissan S30 in late 1978. The 280ZX was the first time the "by Nissan" subscript was badged alongside the Datsun logo, along with Nissan trucks. The 280ZX was Motor Trend's import car of the year for 1979. The 280ZX was replaced by the Nissan 300ZX in 1984.

Shelby CSX limited-production performance automobile based on the Dodge Shadow

The Shelby CSX was a limited-production high performance automobile based on the turbocharged intercooled Dodge Shadow and Plymouth Sundance. These cars were offered by Shelby Automobiles Inc. from 1987 through 1989.

Saab B engine

The Saab B engine is an inline four-cylinder car petrol engine developed by Saab Automobile. A redesign of the Triumph slant-four engine, the B engine displaced 2.0 L and first appeared in 1972. The B engine was used in the Saab 99 and 900 models. Saab began to phase the engine out in 1981.

A wastegate is a valve that diverts exhaust gases away from the turbine wheel in a turbocharged engine system.

Variable-geometry turbocharger Type of turbocharging technology

Variable-geometry turbochargers (VGTs), occasionally known as variable-nozzle turbines (VNTs), are a type of turbochargers, usually designed to allow the effective aspect ratio of the turbocharger to be altered as conditions change. This is done because the optimum aspect ratio at low engine speeds is very different from that at high engine speeds.

Toyota Fortuner Car model

The Toyota Fortuner , also known as the Toyota SW4, is a mid-size SUV manufactured by Toyota. The Fortuner is built on the Hilux pickup truck platform. It features three rows of seats and is available in rear-wheel drive or four-wheel drive configuration. The Fortuner is part of Toyota's IMV project in Thailand, which also includes the Hilux and the Kijang Innova. Developed in large part by Toyota's Thai operations, the Fortuner has piggybacked the success of the Hilux and is now built in a number of countries including Egypt, India, Indonesia, Argentina and Pakistan.

A boost controller is a device to control the boost level produced in the intake manifold of a turbocharged or supercharged engine by affecting the air pressure delivered to the pneumatic and mechanical wastegate actuator.

Turbo-diesel diesel engine equipped with a turbocharger

Turbo-diesel, also written as turbodiesel and turbo diesel, refers to any Diesel engine equipped with a turbocharger. As per other engine types, turbocharging a diesel engine can greatly increase its power output.

Turbo-compound engine Reciprocating engine combined with a blowdown turbine

A turbo-compound engine is a reciprocating engine that employs a turbine to recover energy from the exhaust gases. Instead of using that energy to drive a turbocharger as found in many high-power aircraft engines, the energy is instead sent to the output shaft to increase the total power delivered by the engine. The turbine is usually mechanically connected to the crankshaft, as on the Wright R-3350 Duplex-Cyclone, but electric and hydraulic power recovery systems have been investigated as well.

Nissan YD engine

The YD engine is a 2.2 and 2.5 L Inline-4 diesel engine from Nissan. It has a cast-iron block and aluminium head with chain driven DOHC. The engine shares much of its architecture with the QR petrol engine.

Garrett AiResearch was a manufacturer of turboprop engines and turbochargers, and a pioneer in numerous aerospace technologies. It was previously known as Aircraft Tool and Supply Company, Garrett Supply Company, AiResearch Manufacturing Company, or simply AiResearch. In 1964, Garrett AiResearch merged with Signal Oil & Gas to form a company renamed in 1968 to Signal Companies, which in 1985 merged with Allied Corp. into AlliedSignal. In 1999 AlliedSignal acquired Honeywell and adopted the Honeywell name.

Gale Banks is an American hot rodder, drag racer, engineer, and entrepreneur who grew up in Lynwood, California. His company, Gale Banks Engineering, sells performance parts for automotive and marine engines. It specializes in diesel engines, and high end cutting edge equipment, performance parts, and auxiliaries. The company has approximately 100+ employees.

Gale Banks Engineering and its four divisions, Banks Power, Banks Technology, Banks Marine, and Banks Racing, are companies created by Southern California hot rodder and automobile engineer Gale Banks. These companies design, engineer, and build high performance parts for the automobile and marine aftermarket and military customers. Located in Azusa, California, the company develops technology and components for both gasoline and diesel-powered vehicles, but is best known for advancing development of the turbocharger and ultra high performance diesel engines for racing and street purposes.

An electric supercharger is a specific type of supercharger for internal combustion engines that uses an electrically powered forced-air system that contains an electric motor to pressurize the intake air. By pressurizing the air available to the engine intake system, the air becomes more dense, and is matched with more fuel, producing the increased horsepower to the wheels.

Turbochargers have been used on various petrol engines since 1962, in order to obtain greater power or torque output for a given engine displacement.

Electric turbo compound Method of energy recovery from an internal combustion engine

An Electric Turbo Compound (ETC) system is defined where a turbine coupled to a generator (turbogenerator) is located in the exhaust gas flow of a reciprocating engine to harvest waste heat energy and convert it into electrical power. An example of an ETC system is where a turbogenerator is located downstream of a turbocharger turbine of an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE). The power generated from the ETC system can be used to feed into an electrical grid or provide power to local electrical loads such as engine auxiliaries.

Per Sune Evaldsson Gillbrand was a Swedish automobile engineer. Born in Tidaholm, Gillbrand is best known for his contribution to the development of several engines for Saab, and in particular their turbocharged engines.

The Audi RC8 2.0 TFSI is a mass-produced four-stroke 2.0-litre single-turbocharged inline-4 gasoline racing engine, developed and produced by Audi Sport GmbH for Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters. The RC8 2.0 TFSI engine is commonly based on Audi 2.0 R4 16v TSI/TFSI (EA888) road car engine. Audi RC8 TFSI was shakedowned on 15 November 2018 and later made public unveil on 20 March 2019 after more engine dyno test. Audi RC8 TFSI is the first-ever turbocharged DTM engine to date, replacing the aging Audi DTM V8 engine after nineteen-years of service which conform the "Class One" regulations that shared with Japanese Super GT.

References

  1. 1 2 "Garrett Advancing Motion 2018 Annual Report" (PDF). Garrett Advancing Motion. Retrieved June 18, 2019.
  2. ↑ "Information Statement Summary". Securities & Exchange Commission.
  3. ↑ "Bloomberg - Are you a robot?". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
  4. ↑ "Products - Turbochargers". garrettmotion.com. Retrieved 21 September 2018.
  5. ↑ "Built on Thin Air". TIME. November 16, 1962.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Leyes, Richard; William Fleming. The History of North American Small Gas Turbine Aircraft Engines. Smithsonian Institution and AIAA. The National Air and Space Museum. Retrieved March 5, 2012.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Schoneberger, William; Robert Scholl (1985). Out of Thin Air. Garrett Corporation. pp. 126–131.
  8. ↑ Turbo History Archived October 19, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  9. ↑ "Honeywell Celebrates 100 Years of Turbo; 50th Year of Garrett Turbocharged Vehicle". Wagner Tech's Mopar Blog. August 2, 2005. Retrieved January 29, 2019.
  10. 1 2 Honeywell Turbo Technologies History page Archived October 11, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  11. 1 2 3 Patton, David (October 22, 2008). "Honeywell's Adriane Brown On Turbocharging". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved March 26, 2012.
  12. ↑ "Honeywell Sells Consumer Auto Products Business". DealBook. January 28, 2011. Retrieved November 20, 2011.
  13. ↑ "Honeywell Boosts 2011 Chevrolet Sonic to 40 mpg Fuel Economy" (Press release). Garrett. January 19, 2011. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
  14. ↑ "Garrett Turbo Innovations Launched on High Performing Mercedes, Range Rover Engines" (Press release). Garrett. September 30, 2010. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
  15. ↑ "Honeywell Set to Launch 15 New Turbo Technologies in 2010". Garrett. September 30, 2010. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
  16. ↑ "Volkswagen Selects Honeywell Turbo for New 1.6L Engine" (Press release). Honeywell. November 20, 2011. Archived from the original on March 5, 2015. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
  17. ↑ "New Garrett Turbo Technology Redefines Efficiency and Performance of Diesel V-Engines" (Press release). Garrett. March 2, 2009. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
  18. ↑ "Garrett Turbo Technologies Takes on Challenge to Help Shrink Engines" (Press release). Garrett. March 2, 2010. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
  19. 1 2 "Tata to launch tiny Nano turbo". Wheels24. January 18, 2011. Retrieved February 10, 2012.
  20. 1 2 3 Shuldiner, Herb (November 1, 2011). "Turbo Penetration Set for Big Boost". WardsAuto. Retrieved February 10, 2012.
  21. ↑ Turbo Evolution Timeline Archived 2016-01-08 at the Wayback Machine
  22. ↑ "Le Mans Audi first with hot VG turbo". Automotive Engineer. July 15, 2010. Archived from the original on February 6, 2016. Retrieved November 20, 2011.
  23. ↑ "2011 FIA Manufacturers' Championship Standings". World Rally Championship. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
  24. ↑ "Citroën DS3 WRC". Mikko. Archived from the original on April 23, 2012. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
  25. ↑ "Ford GT race stint ends after 4 years, 19 wins". Automotive News. 2019-10-12. Retrieved 2019-12-11.
  26. ↑ "Wastegate Turbochargers for Gasoline Engines". garrettmotion.com. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
  27. ↑ "Variable Geometry Turbo for Gas Engines". garrettmotion.com. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
  28. 1 2 Blevins, Bryan. "PowerMax Performance Diesel by Garrett Turbochargers". Powermaxturbo.com. Retrieved 21 September 2018.
  29. ↑ "Garrett of the VNT turbocharger". GCG. Archived from the original on March 24, 2012. Retrieved March 26, 2012.
  30. ↑ "What is a VNT DutyDrive Turbo?". Garrett Turbo Bulletin. July 29, 2010. Archived from the original on January 24, 2013. Retrieved March 7, 2012.
  31. 1 2 "Diesel Turbochargers". garrettmotion.com. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
  32. ↑ "New TwoStage module leads Garrett's turbocharger boom". Automotive Engineering Online. October 14, 2011. Archived from the original on October 22, 2011. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
  33. ↑ "Dual-Sided Compressor Wheel Turbo". Diesel Progress Online. May 4, 2011. Archived from the original on January 23, 2013. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
  34. ↑ "Garrett Turbo Technologies". FreshPatents.com. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
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