Audi R8 (LMP)

Last updated
Audi R8
2000 Audi R8 LMP1 Front.jpg
Category Le Mans Prototype
Constructor Audi
Designer(s) Michael Pfadenhauer (aerodynamics)
Wolfgang Appel (chassis)
Ulrich Baretzky (engine)
Predecessor Audi R8R
Successor Audi R10 TDI
Technical specifications
Chassis Carbon fiber and aluminum honeycomb monocoque
Suspension (front) Independent double wishbone pushrod system with horizontal spring/damper unit, adjustable gas-filled shock absorbers
Suspension (rear) Independent double wishbone pushrod system with horizontal spring/damper unit, adjustable gas-filled shock absorbers
Engine Audi 3.6 liter 90-degree V8 twin-turbo, mid-engine, longitudinally mounted
Transmission Ricardo 6-speed electro-pneumatic actuated sequential manual Multiple-disc limited-slip differential
Fuel Shell
Tyres Michelin
Competition history
Notable entrants Flag of Germany.svg Audi Sport Team Joest
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Audi Sport UK
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Audi Sport UK Team Veloqx
Flag of Japan.svg Audi Sport Japan Team Goh
Flag of the United States.svg Champion Racing
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Johansson Motorsport
Flag of France.svg Audi PlayStation Team Oreca
Notable drivers Flag of Denmark.svg Tom Kristensen
Flag of Germany.svg Marco Werner
Flag of Italy.svg Rinaldo Capello
Flag of Italy.svg Michele Alboreto
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Allan McNish
Flag of Italy.svg Emanuele Pirro
Flag of Germany.svg Frank Biela
Flag of France.svg Laurent Aïello
Flag of Monaco.svg Stéphane Ortelli
Flag of Sweden.svg Stefan Johansson
Flag of Finland.svg JJ Lehto
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Johnny Herbert
Debut 2000 12 Hours of Sebring
RacesWins Poles
796347
The #1 & #2 Audi R8 LMP1 cars racing in the 2005 Grand Prix of Atlanta 1 and 2 Audi R8.jpg
The #1 & #2 Audi R8 LMP1 cars racing in the 2005 Grand Prix of Atlanta

The Audi R8 is a Le Mans Prototype sports-prototype race car introduced in 2000 for sports car racing as a redevelopment of their Audi R8R (open-top LMP) and Audi R8C (closed-top LMGTP) used in 1999. In its class, it is one of the most successful racing sports cars having won the 24 Hours of Le Mans race in 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, and 2005, five of the six years it competed in total. Its streak of Le Mans victories between 2000 and 2005 was broken only in 2003 by the Bentley Speed 8, another race car fielded that year by Volkswagen Group. [1]

Contents

The petrol-powered Audi R8 race car was in 2006 replaced by the new Audi R10 TDI Diesel; however, the need to further develop the R10 meant that the R8 saw action in a few races leading up to the 24 Hours of Le Mans.

History

1998: The challenge

In 1997, sports car racing and especially the Le Mans 24 Hours was popular among factories such as BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Porsche, Toyota, Nissan Motors, and others. At that time, Audi Sport boss Wolfgang Ullrich started to evaluate the options of joining.

With the upcoming American Le Mans Series also providing a stage for the US market, Audi announced plans in 1998 to compete in 1999, with the Audi R8R powered by a 550 hp (410 kW) V8 turbo. As it was considered the better choice for a whole race due to less weight and wider tires, Audi ordered an open-top roadster from Dallara to be developed and run by Joest Racing.

Yet, during the autumn of 1998, after the necessity of GT1 homologation was dropped in favour of LM-GTP prototypes, closed GT coupés like the Porsche 911 GT1, Mercedes-Benz CLK-GTR, and the Toyota GT-One proved successful. In response, Audi also ordered their newly acquired Norfolk-based Racing Technology Norfolk, led by Tony Southgate, to build a closed-cockpit car using the same drivetrain.

The ACO rules for closed-top prototypes allowed cars to run with larger air restrictors, resulting in more power (about 600 hp), which resulted in a higher top speed in combination with the lower drag. To compensate this advantage over the duration of a race, the LMGTPs were limited to smaller tyres and smaller fuel tanks.

1999: The R8R and R8C

Following a period of testing, two R8Rs debuted at the 1999 12 Hours of Sebring. The BMW V12 LMR won, which was a strong sign towards the race in France. The already tested open-top Audi R8R, entered by Joest Racing, was not fast enough to challenge for a win, finishing third.

After further tests and modifications, the Audis returned for Le Mans. The new debuting R8Cs lacked pace and unfortunately suffered mechanical gearbox woes. Lap times were 10 seconds down from the leading LMP and LMGTP competitors. Joest's R8Rs ran steady, yet still were too slow to run for pole position. After a race that had the spectacular flights of the Mercedes-Benz CLR and leading cars of Toyota and BMW crashing out, the Audi R8Rs took third and fourth behind the surviving #15 BMW V12 LMR and the Japanese-driven Toyota.

Based on the experiences, Audi decided to regroup for 2000, and built a new R8 spyder together with Joest and Dallara. The British-built R8C coupe was retired, but Audi-owned Bentley developed the concept of the R8C closed-cockpit LMGTP and entered the Bentley EXP Speed 8 in 2001, winning the race with the Bentley Speed 8 in 2003.

1999: Retiring competitors

After the 1999 Le Mans shame, Mercedes retired from GTs to focus on the return of the DTM touring cars in 2000, as well as on F1. Toyota and BMW also went to F1, with BMW at least continuing to race for two years in the ALMS, where the open roadster of Bill Auberlen also suffered a "back flip" during the Petit Le Mans at Road Atlanta in 2000, as the closed-cockpit Porsche of Yannick Dalmas had done in 1998. Despite the BMW V12 LMR not receiving further development, the German team Schnitzer Motorsport was almost as effective as Joest. Still, the BMW V12 LMR could not match the Audi R8's might in the championship and lost almost every race against it. BMW quit the top class to race the BMW M3 in the GT class since, dominating in the ALMS and in WTCC, as well as at the 24 Hours Nürburgring.

This left only Porsche as a major possible challenger for 2000; however, the Porsche LMP project was scrapped before it had a chance to race. Rumours at that time said that Ferdinand Piech himself made them stay away, using his influence as a co-owner of Porsche, as well as his management role at Volkswagen, which would develop the upcoming SUV VW Touareg in cooperation with the Porsche Cayenne. [2] The Porsche V10 racer was turned into the Porsche Carrera GT instead.

2000: The R8

This R8, in a special crocodile livery, won the Race of a Thousand Years in Adelaide, Australia, in 2000 driven by Allan McNish and Rinaldo Capello. 2000 Audi R8 Goodwood, 2009.JPG
This R8, in a special crocodile livery, won the Race of a Thousand Years in Adelaide, Australia, in 2000 driven by Allan McNish and Rinaldo Capello.
Audi R8 2001 Cd13-0601g.png
Audi R8 2001

The Audi R8 is a sports-racing car prepared for the LMP900 class at Le Mans and in the American Le Mans Series. The car was developed by Audi Motorsport and Joest Racing, and debuted in 2000, winning the 12 Hours of Sebring.

The R8 won Le Mans five times (2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, and 2005) and the overall season championship in the American Le Mans Series six times in a row (from 2000 to 2005). [3]

The R8 won a hat trick at Le Mans in 2000–2002, campaigned by Audi Sport Infineon Team Joest and driven by Tom Kristensen, Emanuele Pirro, and Frank Biela. First time out in 2000, the team won a 1-2-3 finish. Since then, the Audi R8 has won numerous championships and races, including further wins for "privateer" teams at Le Mans in 2004 and 2005.

The R8 is powered by a 3.6 L Audi V8 with Fuel Stratified Injection (FSI), which is a variation on the concept of gasoline direct injection developed by VW; it maximizes both power and fuel economy at the same time. FSI technology can be found in products available to the public, across all brands in the Volkswagen Group.

The power supplied by the R8, officially listed at about 610 hp (455 kW) in 2000, 2001, and 2002, 550 hp (410.1 kW) in 2003 and 2004, and 520 hp (388 kW) in 2005, is sent to the rear wheels via a Ricardo six-speed sequential transmission with an electropneumatic paddle shift. Unofficially, the works team Audi R8 for Le Mans (2000, 2001, and 2002) is said to have had around 670 hp (500 kW) instead of the quoted 610 hp. The numbers were quoted at speed, and were due to the car making 50 extra horsepower due to twin ram-air intakes at speeds over 150 mph (240 km/h). Official torque numbers were quoted for this version of the engine at 516 lb⋅ft (700 N⋅m) at 6500 rpm. The equation for horsepower (torque divided by 5250, multiplied by rpm) for these numbers produces a horsepower rating of 638 horsepower (476 kW) at the same 6500 rpm (516/5250*6500=638). The Audi R8's structure was designed from the beginning to expedite parts changes during the race. The car's chassis has been likened to a Lego model — anything on the car can be changed and changed quickly. During its campaign, the Joest pit crew was able to change the entire rear transaxle of a damaged R8 — a process which usually takes between one and three hours — in as low as three minutes and 16 seconds. [3] The reason for this was that the transmission, rear suspension, and rear subframe were built as one unit. The car had numerous quick-connect hoses and easily removable bolts. The whole rear section of the car could be removed as a whole and a new back half installed with the help of a crane. The Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO), organizers of the 24 Hours of Le Mans and the American Le Mans Series, acted quickly to void this advantage by mandating the gearbox casing be the same item through the duration of the race, with only the internals being allowed to be changed. However, the R8 still had quicker access to the gearbox internals than any other car due to its quick-change construction . This was critical as the gearbox was the weak link in the car.

The R8's structure and body are both composed of carbon fibre, a strong, lightweight polymer material.

Performance from top speed to acceleration was, as in most race car cases, variable depending on the car's setup. The highest speed of the R8 at Le Mans was 338 km/h (210 mph) in the practice sessions of the 2002 Le Mans 24 Hours Race. A low downforce setup could reach about 350 km/h (217 mph).

Audi Sport's program saw tragedy in 2001 when on April 25, popular ex-F1 driver Michele Alboreto died in an accident after suffering a high-speed tyre failure during an R8 test session at the Lausitzring in eastern Germany. [4]

2003: Bentley breaks the streak

The Bentley Speed 8, which was somewhat based on the R8 ran at Le Mans from 2001 to 2003, winning in 2003, used a heavily modified 4.0-L version of the V8 engine from the Audi R8 .[ citation needed ] The Bentley racing effort was campaigned by Team Bentley (Apex Motorsport) with assistance from longtime R8 competitor Joest Racing and Audi Sport UK. After 2002, the Joest factory team dropped its R8 campaign and left it to the privateers. Restrictor changes brought the power down to 550 bhp for anyone still racing with the R8, but the maximum torque hardly changed. Tom Kristensen, who won the previous three 24 Hours of Le Mans races in an R8, was assigned to drive the Bentley Speed 8, and helped guide the team to victory. (Kristensen went on to win the 2004 and 2005 races in an Audi R8). Some similarity exists between the Bentley Speed 8 and the Audi R8's successor, the R10 TDI.

2005: End of active competition

During the 2005 season, its time at the front of the pack evidently was drawing to a close. Audi had made the development of the Audi R10 TDI diesel public, and cars from other manufacturers and teams started to catch up in terms of on-the-track speed. The ACO still felt that the R8 needed to be kept in check, so they reduced the restrictor size on the R8's engine, due to the car not meeting new hybrid regulations, and stipulated the car shall carry ballast weight in an attempt to make the races more competitive. The R8 was restricted even further to only 520 bhp. At the 2005 Le Mans, the Audis failed to qualify on pole position; the fastest R8 started the race in third position. However, the car was able to outlast all other competitors to eventually take its fifth checkered flag at the Circuit de la Sarthe and the 24 Hours of Le Mans. This victory was also notable since it was Tom Kristensen's sixth straight 24 Hours of Le Mans victory, and a record seventh overall, beating legendary driver Jacky Ickx's previous record of six career 24 Hours of Le Mans victories. To date, the R8 remains one of the fastest petrol-powered LMPs, setting a 3:29 at Le Mans, which was beaten only by the Lola-Aston Martins. However, the R8's best finish was at 379 laps, which is more than the Lola-Aston Martin's best at 373 laps.

List of records

† - Season partially run by the Audi R10

Legacy

2006: The R10 TDI

In response to the new level of competition, Audi developed a successor known as the Audi R10 TDI. The V12 engined turbodiesel won at its race debut at the 2006 12 Hours of Sebring with both cars starting on the front row. However, the pole-sitting R10 had to start from the pit lane due to the need to rectify heat exchanger issues.

Emanuele Pirro, Frank Biela, and Marco Werner made history by becoming the first drivers to win the Le Mans 24-hour race in a diesel-powered car. The Audi R10 TDI completed a record 380 laps of the La Sarthe circuit, with Pirro at the wheel for the finish. French trio Sébastien Loeb, Éric Hélary, and Franck Montagny took second in the Pescarolo Judd No 17, four laps back. Scotsman Allan McNish was third in the other Audi, which came in 13 laps down after suffering mechanical problems.

Audi R8 road car at the 2006 Paris Motor Show Paris 2006 - Audi R8.JPG
Audi R8 road car at the 2006 Paris Motor Show

The R8 continued to campaign the American Le Mans Series through the first half of the 2006 season, and made its final US appearance on July 1, 2006, at Lime Rock Park, Connecticut, piloted by McNish and Capello. The R8 ended its career in style by winning the race, marking the 50th American Le Mans Series victory for the Audi R8. The R10s participated in the rest of the ALMS season, beginning with the race at Miller Motorsports Park, Utah.

2007: R8 road car

The name Audi R8 also is used by the production road sports car Audi R8, which is based on the 2003 Audi Le Mans quattro concept car. Production started in 2007.

24 Hours of Le Mans results

YearTeamNoDriversPoleFastest
lap
LapsOverall
Position
2000 Flag of Germany.svg Audi Sport Team Joest 7 Flag of Germany.svg Christian Abt
Flag of Italy.svg Michele Alboreto
Flag of Italy.svg Rinaldo Capello
nono3653rd
8 Flag of Germany.svg Frank Biela
Flag of Denmark.svg Tom Kristensen
Flag of Italy.svg Emanuele Pirro
nono3681st
9 Flag of France.svg Laurent Aïello
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Allan McNish
Flag of Monaco.svg Stéphane Ortelli
yesyes3672nd
2001 Flag of Germany.svg Audi Sport Team Joest 1 Flag of Germany.svg Frank Biela
Flag of Denmark.svg Tom Kristensen
Flag of Italy.svg Emanuele Pirro
nono3211st
Flag of Germany.svg Audi Sport North America 2 Flag of France.svg Laurent Aïello
Flag of Italy.svg Rinaldo Capello
Flag of Italy.svg Christian Pescatori
yesyes3202nd
Flag of the United States.svg Champion Racing 3 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Johnny Herbert
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Didier Theys
Flag of Germany.svg Ralf Kelleners
nono81DNF
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Johansson Motorsport 4 Flag of Sweden.svg Stefan Johansson
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Tom Coronel
Flag of France.svg Patrick Lemarié
nono35DNF
2002 Flag of Germany.svg Audi Sport Team Joest 1 Flag of Germany.svg Frank Biela
Flag of Denmark.svg Tom Kristensen
Flag of Italy.svg Emanuele Pirro
noyes3751st
Flag of Germany.svg Audi Sport North America 2 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Johnny Herbert
Flag of Italy.svg Rinaldo Capello
Flag of Italy.svg Christian Pescatori
yesno3742nd
Flag of Germany.svg Audi Sport Team Joest 3 Flag of Germany.svg Marco Werner
Flag of Germany.svg Michael Krumm
Flag of Austria.svg Philipp Peter
nono3723rd
Flag of Japan.svg Audi Sport Japan Team Goh 5 Flag of Japan.svg Hiroki Katoh
Flag of France.svg Yannick Dalmas
Flag of Japan.svg Seiji Ara
nono3587th
2003 Flag of Japan.svg Audi Sport Japan Team Goh 5 Flag of Japan.svg Seiji Ara
Flag of Denmark.svg Jan Magnussen
Flag of Germany.svg Marco Werner
nono3704th
Flag of the United States.svg Champion Racing 6 Flag of Finland.svg JJ Lehto
Flag of Italy.svg Emanuele Pirro
Flag of Sweden.svg Stefan Johansson
nono3723rd
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Audi Sport UK
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Arena Motorsport
10 Flag of Germany.svg Frank Biela
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Perry McCarthy
Flag of Finland.svg Mika Salo
nono28DNF
2004 Flag of the United States.svg ADT Champion Racing 2 Flag of Finland.svg JJ Lehto
Flag of Germany.svg Marco Werner
Flag of Italy.svg Emanuele Pirro
nono3683rd
Flag of Japan.svg Audi Sport Japan Team Goh 5 Flag of Japan.svg Seiji Ara
Flag of Italy.svg Rinaldo Capello
Flag of Denmark.svg Tom Kristensen
nono3791st
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Audi Sport UK Team Veloqx 8 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Allan McNish
Flag of Germany.svg Frank Biela
Flag of Germany.svg Pierre Kaffer
nono3505th
88 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Jamie Davies
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Johnny Herbert
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Guy Smith
yesyes3792nd
2005 Flag of the United States.svg ADT Champion Racing 2 Flag of Germany.svg Frank Biela
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Allan McNish
Flag of Italy.svg Emanuele Pirro
nono3643rd
3 Flag of Finland.svg JJ Lehto
Flag of Denmark.svg Tom Kristensen
Flag of Germany.svg Marco Werner
nono3701st
Flag of France.svg Audi PlayStation Team Oreca 4 Flag of France.svg Franck Montagny
Flag of France.svg Jean-Marc Gounon
Flag of Monaco.svg Stéphane Ortelli
nono3624th

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References

  1. "Les24Heures".
  2. Michael J. Fuller. "Mulsanne's Corner: 1999-2000 Porsche LMP1". Mulsannescorner.com. Archived from the original on 2014-04-07. Retrieved 2010-10-11.
  3. 1 2 Bornhop, Andrew (August 2012). "Ode to an R8". Road & Track . 63 (12): 61.
  4. Alboreto Is Killed Testing Audi R8, The New York Times , April 26, 2001, Page D7.