Geomalia | |
---|---|
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Passeriformes |
Family: | Turdidae |
Genus: | Zoothera |
Species: | Z. heinrichi |
Binomial name | |
Zoothera heinrichi (Stresemann, 1931) | |
Synonyms | |
Geomalia heinrichi |
The geomalia or Sulawesi mountain thrush (Zoothera heinrichi) is a rare member of the thrush family endemic to Sulawesi in Indonesia. [2] [3] It is sometimes classified as Geomalia heinrichi, in which case it is monotypic in the genus Geomalia (which is the source of its primary common name).
The coloration of the bird is primarily dark brown with chestnut color on the breast. The long legs, long tail and short wings struck the discoverer as reminiscent of laughingthrushes, and the name Geomalia is itself a reference to another, superficially similar Sulawesi endemic, the malia, but the two species are not related. The specific name commemorates its discoverer, the German explorer Gerd Heinrich.
There has been some debate over the taxonomic affinities of the geomalia. While it has some features typical of thrushes (such as an upright posture, juveniles with spotted underparts, and thrush-like terrestrial foraging behavior), several others (such as its long, rounded tail; short wings; and apparent lack of a song) have led authors to question whether its placement in the thrush family is appropriate. [4] [5] A genetic study published in 2013 confirmed its placement in the family Turdidae, specifically as an aberrant member of the genus Zoothera. [2]
Due to its isolation and the difficulty of getting to its habitat, the geomalia is little-studied. The species may be threatened by uncontrolled logging and other activities that cause degradation of the Sulawesi highlands, including the grounds of legally protected lands such as Lore Lindu National Park. It is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List.
The scaly thrush is a member of the thrush family Turdidae.
White's thrush is a member of the thrush family, Turdidae. It was named after the English naturalist Gilbert White. The genus name Zoothera comes from the Ancient Greek zoon, "animal" and theras, "hunter". The specific aurea is from Latin aureus, "golden".
The Asian thrushes are medium-sized mostly insectivorous or omnivorous birds in the genus Zoothera of the thrush family, Turdidae. The genus name Zoothera comes from the Ancient Greek zoon, "animal" and theras, "hunter".
The Amami thrush is a member of the thrush family Turdidae. It is endemic to the islands of Amami Ōshima and Kakeroma island in the northern Nansei Islands of Japan.
The wrenthrush or zeledonia is a unique species of nine-primaried oscine bird which is endemic to Costa Rica and Panama.
The Sulawesi thrush is a species of passerine bird in the thrush family, Turdidae. It is endemic to the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia, where it inhabits evergreen montane forests at altitudes of 1,100–2,400 m (3,600–7,900 ft). Although it has a limited range and is not a common bird, the IUCN has assessed it as being a "least-concern species".
The long-tailed thrush is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. It is found from the central and eastern Himalayas to south-central and south-western China. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland.
The red-backed thrush or rusty-backed thrush is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. Traditionally, it included the red-and-black thrush as a subspecies. It is endemic to forests on Sulawesi and the nearby islands of Buton and Kabaena in Indonesia. It is becoming rare due to habitat destruction.
Everett's thrush is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. The name commemorates British colonial administrator and zoological collector Alfred Hart Everett.
The russet-tailed thrush is a species of bird in the family Turdidae, closely related to the more widespread Bassian thrush. It is found in eastern Australia and Papua New Guinea.
The fawn-breasted thrush is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. It is endemic to the Tanimbar Islands in Indonesia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The Makira thrush, also known as the San Cristobal thrush, is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. It is endemic to the Solomon Islands. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The dark-sided thrush is a species of bird in the thrush family Turdidae. It is also known as the lesser brown thrush, the long-billed ground-thrush, and the dark-sided ground-thrush. The species is monotypic and is closely related to a number of thrushes in the genus Zoothera, including the long-billed thrush and the widespread scaly thrush. It was described by Edward Blyth in 1847 based upon a specimen collected in Rakhine in Burma (Myanmar).
The long-billed thrush is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. It is found from the Himalayas to Myanmar and Vietnam. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
The Aztec thrush is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. It is found mainly in Mexico, but vagrants are occasionally seen in the United States. Its natural habitat is montane forests. The IUCN Red List denotes it as a least-concern species.
The black-backed thrush or New Britain thrush is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. It is endemic to Papua New Guinea where it occurs on the islands of New Britain, Umboi and Bougainville. Its natural habitats are temperate, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
The Guadalcanal thrush is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. It is endemic to the Solomon Islands. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
The montane long-nosed squirrel is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland. It was discovered during a 1930 expedition led by Gerd Heinrich.
The Himalayan thrush or Himalayan forest thrush is a species of bird described in 2016 and separated out from the alpine thrush Zoothera mollissima with which they were formerly lumped. The species is separated on the basis of phylogenetic studies that suggest that the population diverged from the common ancestor at least 3 million years ago. The alpine thrush breeds above the tree line whereas the Himalayan thrush breeds in forested habitats. The species breeds from Sikkim and Darjeeling in India and extends east into Tibet and further east into northwest Yunnan in China. The species differs in its song from that of the alpine thrush. The Himalayan thrush has a more musical call while that of the Alpine thrush is raspy and grating. A newly discovered Himalayan forest thrush bird was named after the birdman of India, Ornithologist Dr.Salim Ali. The name of the bird is "Zoothera salimalii". A fruit bat is also named after him "Latidens salimalii"