| Gilded catfish | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Siluriformes |
| Family: | Pimelodidae |
| Genus: | Zungaro |
| Species: | Z. zungaro |
| Binomial name | |
| Zungaro zungaro (Humboldt in Humboldt and Valenciennes, 1821) | |
| Subspecies | |
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| Synonyms | |
| |
The Jau catfish or Gilded Catfish (Zungaro zungaro) is a South American catfish (order Siluriformes) of the family Pimelodidae. It is also known as manguruyu or black manguruyu. [1]
By some sources, it is the only species of the monotypic genus Zungaro. [2] However, some sources list other species as valid, such as Zungaro jahu. [3] This species may be referred to by one of its synonyms, Brachyplatystoma flavicans. [4] This species contains two subspecies, Z. z. mangurus and Z. z. zungaro. [5]
They are sexually mature upon reaching 10 kg (22 lb) weight. [4] This fish native to the Orinoco and Amazon basins; in the Amazon, this fish is found quite upstream, in the main bed of the big tributaries with muddy bottoms. [4]
This fish reaches 140 cm (55 in) in total length, and specimens measuring 130 cm (51 in) and weighing 50 kg (110 lb) are not rare. [4] These fish are mainly piscivorous, hunt at night, and sometimes go into flood-prone areas of rivers. Some migrations in pursuit of migrating Triportheus and Anodus have been reported. The nursery ground is at the mouths of rivers. [4]
Vandellia is a genus of catfishes native to South America. The species in this genus are the most well-known of the parasitic catfishes also known as candiru, known for their alleged habit of entering the human urethra.
Brachyplatystoma is a genus of catfish from the family Pimelodidae. As the occasionally used common name goliath catfishes indicates, this genus includes some of the largest species of catfish, including the piraíba, B. filamentosum, which reaches up to the region of 3.6 metres (12 ft) in length. Brachyplatystoma are found in the Amazon and Orinoco basins, and other tropical freshwater and brackish habitats in South America. Some species are migratory. These fish are important as food fish and, to some extent, aquarium fish.
Zungaro is a genus of long-whiskered catfishes native to South America, with two recognized species as of 2018:
Platysilurus is a genus of long-whiskered catfishes native to South America.
Zungaropsis is a genus of catfish of the family Pimelodidae. It is a monotypic genus, containing only the single species Zungaropsis multimaculatus, and is considered closely related to Zungaro. In 2003, Zungaropsis was considered as a genus inquirendum of the Pimelodidae.
Pinirampus pirinampu is a species of catfish of the family Pimelodidae. P. pirinampu is also known as the flatwhiskered catfish.
Paracanthopoma parva is a species of catfishes of the family Trichomycteridae. P. parva grows to about 2.7 centimetres (1.1 in) SL and is endemic to Brazil where it occurs in the Amazon and Essequibo River basins.
Tridensimilis is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.
Paravandellia is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.
Plectrochilus is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.
Tridentopsis is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.
Bagarius is an Asian genus of catfishes of the family Sisoridae. It includes five to six extant species and potentially one extinct fossil species, B. gigas.
Pseudostegophilus is a genus of pencil catfishes native to rivers in tropical South America. The members of this genus are obligate parasites that feed on scales and mucus of other fish.
Schultzichthys is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.
Stegophilus is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.
Henonemus is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.
Plotosus is a genus of eeltail catfishes native to the Indian Ocean, the western Pacific Ocean and New Guinea.
The bayad, is a species of bagrid catfish from Africa.
Batrachocephalus mino, the beardless sea catfish, is the only species of catfish in the genus Batrachocephalus of the family Ariidae. This species occurs in marine and brackish waters of Bay of Bengal, and parts of the western central Pacific, in coastal waters, estuaries, and lower reaches of rivers. It is distributed from Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, to Indonesia.
Heterobranchus is a genus of airbreathing catfishes native to Africa. However, H. palaeindicus, an extinct species of the genus, was discovered in the Siwalik Hills, India, dating to the Lower Pliocene.