Glaucocharis stella

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Glaucocharis stella
Glaucocharis stella male.jpg
Male
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Crambidae
Subfamily: Crambinae
Tribe: Diptychophorini
Genus: Glaucocharis
Species:
G. stella
Binomial name
Glaucocharis stella
Meyrick, 1938 [1]
Synonyms [1]
  • Pareromene gurriGaskin, 1971

Glaucocharis stella is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. [2] This species was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1938. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the North Island. Meyrick hypothesised that larvae of G. stella feed on moss. Adults are on the wing in October and November. The colouration of the forewings ensure that when resting with closed wings on rocks adults are highly camouflaged.

Contents

Taxonomy

This species was described by Edward Meyrick in 1938 using specimens collected by Stella Gibbs née Hudson collected in the Ōrongorongo Valley at an altitude altitude of about 2,500 feet near Wellington and named Glaucocharis stella. [3] George Hudson discussed and illustrated this species in his 1939 book A supplement to the butterflies and moths of New Zealand. [4] In 1971 David Edward Gaskin, thinking he was describing a new species, named this moth Pareromene gurri. [5] Gaskin synonymised this name with G. stella in 1985 when reclassifying Australasian, Melanesian and Polynesian Glaucocharis species. [6] [1] The male holotype specimen is held at the Natural History Museum, London. [1]

Description

Illustration of female. MA I437923 TePapa Plate-LXII-A-supplement full (cropped).jpg
Illustration of female.

This species was described by Meyrick as follows:

♀.13 mm. Head grey. Palpi dark grey, whitish at base beneath. Antennae minutely pubescent. Thorax slate-grey. Fore-wings subtriangular, costa slightly arched, apex rounded, termen faintly bisinuate, somewhat oblique; bluish-slate-grey; extreme costal edge touched whitish from about 1⁄4 to 4⁄5; lines blackish, subbasal marked on costal half, first rather thick on costal half, from costa beyond 1⁄3 outwards-oblique to middle, acutely angled inwards and again on fold right-angled to dorsum beyond middle, mixed ochreous scales except near costa, second fine, waved, from costa beyond 2⁄3 outwards-oblique, strongly excurved on median third and sinuate to dorsum at 2⁄3, thus nearly approximated to first on dorsum, slightly mixed ochreous scales towards dorsum; discal spot oblique-oval, edged blackish and filled ochreous, lying within curve of second line, a small spot of blackish suffusion on costa obliquely before this; an obscure triangular apical patch of blackish-grey subterminal suffusion; an uneven black terminal line; cilia grey, a subbasal shade hardly darker, tips slightly mixed whitish. Hindwings grey; a moderate terminal fascia of dark grey suffusion; cilia grey, a darker subbasal shade, some slight whitish mixture beyond this. [3]

Gaskin pointed out that this species is similar in appearance to G. epiphaea but that it can be distinguished by genitalic characteristics in both sexes. Externally the two species can be separated as the tornus of the forewing of G. stella is nearly at right angles where as in G. epiphaea the tornus of the forewing is more obtusely angled. [5]

Distribution

This species is endemic to New Zealand. [7] [2] G. stella have been observed in the North Island. [4] Other than the type locality oft he Ōrongorongo Valley, this specimen has also been observed in Auckland and when describing this species under the name P. gurri Gaskin used specimens collected in the Coromandel and at Mount Te Aroha. [8] [5]

Habitat and hosts

Meyrick hypothesised that the larvae of G. stella were moss feeders. [3]

Behaviour

The adults are on the wing in October and November. [4] [8] As a result of their colouration adult moths are highly protected when resting with closed wings on rocks on the mountain side. [4]

Related Research Articles

<i>Maoricrambus</i> Genus of moths

Maoricrambus is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, Maoricrambus oncobolus, which is endemic to New Zealand. This species is classified as Nationally Endangered by the Department of Conservation.

<i>Asterivora iochondra</i> Species of moth, endemic to New Zealand

Asterivora iochondra is a species of moth in the family Choreutidae. It is endemic to New Zealand and was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1911. This species has been observed in both the North and South Island at Mount Holdsworth and Mount Arthur. This species inhabits open spaces on mountains on the forest edge at 3000 ft altitude. Adults of this species are on the wing in February and flies rapidly in sunshine.

<i>Glaucocharis chrysochyta</i> Species of moth

Glaucocharis chrysochyta is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. This species was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1882. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found throughout the country. It inhabits native forest. Larvae appear to feed on moss and likely pupate there. Adult moths are on the wing from November to March. They fly at night and are attracted to light.

<i>Gadira leucophthalma</i> Species of moth

Gadira leucophthalma, the beaked moss moth, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is endemic to New Zealand. It is found in the south eastern side of the South Island down to Banks Peninsula. G. leucophthalma inhabits the foredunes of coastal areas. The larval host is unknown but it has been hypothesised that the larvae feed on moss. The adult moths are day flying although some specimens have been trapped at night via light traps. Adults are commonly on the wing from March to April. This species has been classified as Nationally Vulnerable by the Department of Conservation.

<i>Glaucocharis bipunctella</i> Species of moth

Glaucocharis bipunctella is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1866. This species is endemic to New Zealand and has been found in the Auckland region, in the southern parts of the North Island and in the Nelson region. It inhabits dense native forest. Larvae of this species have been raised on liverworts. Adults are on the wing in November to January and are attracted to light.

<i>Glaucocharis lepidella</i> Species of moth

Glaucocharis lepidella is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1866. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in both the North and South Island. The species inhabits lowland to subalpine native forest. Larvae may feed on mosses. Adults are on the wing from November to February and are attracted to light.

<i>Glaucocharis epiphaea</i> Species of moth

Glaucocharis epiphaea is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1885. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in both the North and South Islands. G. epiphaea prefers mountainous habitat and frequents very damp spots including alpine and subalpine moss bogs. Larvae feed on the moss Dawsonia superba. Adults are on the wing from September until March and are diurnal.

<i>Glaucocharis harmonica</i> Species of moth

Glaucocharis harmonica is a moth in the family Crambidae. This species was described by Edward Meyrick in 1888. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the North and South Islands. It inhabits lowland to subalpine native forest. It has been hypothesised that there are two broods per year. The larval hosts are unknown. Adults are on the wing from October until January.

<i>Glaucocharis microdora</i> Species of moth endemic to New Zealand

Glaucocharis microdora is a moth of the family Crambidae. It was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1905. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the southern parts of the North Island and the north and central parts of the South Island. It inhabits native forest at lowland to subalpine altitudes. The larvae of this species feeds on moss and adults are on the wing from November until February. It is similar in appearance to G. pyrsophanes but can be distinguished as G. microdora is of a smaller size and has bright yellow markings. It also lacks the broad white bars on forewings of G. pyrophanes.

<i>Glaucocharis parorma</i> Species of moth endemic to New Zealand

Glaucocharis parorma is a moth of the family Crambidae. It was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1924. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the North Island. This species inhabits native forest from lowland to subalpine altitudes. Larvae of Glaucocharis species feed on mosses and liverworts. Adults are on the wing from October to February. This species is very similar in appearance to G. elaina but can be distinguished as a result of the black terminal dots on its forewings.

<i>Glaucocharis planetopa</i> Species of moth endemic to New Zealand

Glaucocharis planetopa is a moth of the family Crambidae. It was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1923. It is endemic to New Zealand and has only be observed on the South Island. G. planetopa inhabits native forest. Larvae of Glaucocharis species feed on mosses and liverworts. Adults are on the wing in January and February. As at 1971 the female of this species had yet to be collected.

<i>Glaucocharis pyrsophanes</i> Species of moth endemic to New Zealand

Glaucocharis pyrsophanes is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1882. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found throughout the country including the North, South and Stewart Islands. It inhabits native forest from lowland and subalpine altitudes. It is said to be common in sunny but damp forest openings. Larvae of Glaucocharis species feed on mosses and liverworts. Adults are on the wing from October until February. They are known to feed from and pollinate Leptospermum scoparium and Helichrysum selago.

<i>Eudonia zophochlaena</i> Species of moth

Eudonia zophochlaena is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1923. It is endemic to New Zealand. It has been hypothesised that this species is a North Island endemic. The adults of this species are on the wing from December until February. The larvae of this species are leaf miners of the leather-leaf fern Pyrrosia eleagnifolia.

<i>Anisoplaca acrodactyla</i> Species of moth endemic to New Zealand

Anisoplaca acrodactyla is a species of moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1907 and is endemic to New Zealand. This species has been observed in South Island as well as in the North Island. Larvae feed on species in the genera Hoheria and Plagianthus including the species Plagianthus regius.

<i>Erechthias hemiclistra</i> Species of moth endemic to New Zealand

Erechthias hemiclistra is a species of moth of the family Tineidae. It was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1911. This species is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in both the North and South Islands. It inhabits native forest and has an affinity for species in the genera Phormium,Cortaderia and Cordyline, likely as a result of its larvae feeding on dead fibre sourced from plant species in these genera. Adults are on the wing from September to April but are most commonly observed in December and January. Adults are also attracted to light.

<i>Proteodes melographa</i> Species of moth endemic to New Zealand

Proteodes melographa is a species of moth in the family Depressariidae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed at Mount Arthur and in the Nelson District. It inhabits forest in the alpine zone. The larvae of this species feeds on native beech trees.

<i>Tingena brachyacma</i> Species of moth, endemic to New Zealand

Tingena brachyacma is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been found in the south of the South Island. This species inhabits open swamps, native forest and scrubland and has been collected amongst Leptospermum. The adults of the species are on the wing in November and December.

<i>Tingena chloritis</i> Species of moth, endemic to New Zealand

Tingena chloritis is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been found in the South Island. Larvae of this species feed on leaf litter. The adults of this species are light flyers and are attracted to light.

<i>Tingena penthalea</i> Species of moth, endemic to New Zealand

Tingena penthalea is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in Wellington and the Tararua Range. The adults of this species are on the wing from December until February.

<i>Atomotricha oeconoma</i> Species of moth endemic to New Zealand

Atomotricha oeconoma is a moth in the family Oecophoridae first described by Edward Meyrick in 1914. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed at Mount Taranaki, Wellington and in Dunedin. The adults emerge in June. The female adult is semi-apterous and is incapable of flight.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Dugdale , J. S. (23 September 1988). "Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa". Fauna of New Zealand. 14. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research: 145. doi:10.7931/J2/FNZ.14. ISSN   0111-5383. Wikidata   Q45083134.
  2. 1 2 Gordon, Dennis P., ed. (2010). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: Kingdom animalia: chaetognatha, ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Vol. 2. p. 457. ISBN   978-1-877257-93-3. OCLC   973607714. OL   25288394M. Wikidata   Q45922947.
  3. 1 2 3 Edward Meyrick (1938). "New Species of New Zealand Lepidoptera". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand . 67: 426–427. ISSN   1176-6166. Wikidata   Q89182470.
  4. 1 2 3 4 George Vernon Hudson (1939), A supplement to the butterflies and moths of New Zealand, Illustrator: George Hudson, Wellington: Ferguson and Osborn Limited, p. 428, OCLC   9742724, Wikidata   Q109420935 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  5. 1 2 3 David Edward Gaskin (1971). "A revision of New Zealand Diptychophorini (Lepidoptera; Pyralidae; Crambinae)". New Zealand Journal of Science. 14: 777–778. ISSN   0028-8365. Wikidata   Q110236267.
  6. ↑ David E. Gaskin (20 December 1985). "Morphology and reclassification of the Australasian, Melanesian and Polynesian Glaucocharis Meyrick (Lepidoptera : Crambinae : Diptychophorini)". Australian Journal of Zoology. Supplementary Series. 33 (115): 1. doi:10.1071/AJZS115. ISSN   0310-9089. Wikidata   Q54618937.
  7. ↑ "Glaucocharis stella (Meyrick, 1938)". www.nzor.org.nz. Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
  8. 1 2 "Glaucocharis stella Meyrick, 1938". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2025-01-03.
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