 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name 5-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene-1,3-diol | |
| Other names 3-methoxy-isorhapontigenin | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChemSpider | |
PubChem CID | |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C16H16O4 | |
| Molar mass | 272.300 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Gnetucleistol E is a stilbenoid found in the Chinese herb Gnetum cleistostachyum. [1]
Gnetophyta is a division of plants, grouped within the gymnosperms, that consists of some 70 species across the three relict genera: Gnetum, Welwitschia, and Ephedra. The earliest unambiguous records of the group date to the Jurassic, and they achieved their highest diversity during the Early Cretaceous. The primary difference between gnetophytes and other gymnosperms is the presence of vessel elements, a system of small tubes (xylem) that transport water within the plant, similar to those found in flowering plants. Because of this, gnetophytes were once thought to be the closest gymnosperm relatives to flowering plants, but more recent molecular studies have brought this hypothesis into question, with many recent phylogenies finding them to be nested within the conifers.
Gnetum is a genus of gymnosperms, the sole genus in the family Gnetaceae within the Gnetophyta. They are tropical evergreen trees, shrubs and lianas. Unlike other gymnosperms, they possess vessel elements in the xylem. Some species have been proposed to have been the first plants to be insect-pollinated as their fossils occur in association with extinct pollinating scorpionflies. Molecular phylogenies based on nuclear and plastid sequences from most of the species indicate hybridization among some of the Southeast Asian species. Fossil-calibrated molecular-clocks suggest that the Gnetum lineages now found in Africa, South America and Southeast Asia are the result of ancient long-distance dispersal across seawater.
Gnetum gnemon is a gymnosperm species of Gnetum, its native area spans from Mizoram and Assam in India down south through Malay Peninsula, Malay Archipelago and the Philippines in southeast Asia to the western Pacific islands. Common names include gnetum, joint fir, two leaf, melinjo, belinjo, bago, and tulip.
Double fertilization or double fertilisation is a complex fertilization mechanism of angiosperms. This process involves the fusion of a female gametophyte or megagametophyte, also called the embryonic sac, with two male gametes (sperm). It begins when a pollen grain adheres to the stigma of the carpel, the female reproductive structure of a flower. The pollen grain then takes in moisture and begins to germinate, forming a pollen tube that extends down toward the ovary through the style. The tip of the pollen tube then enters the ovary and penetrates through the micropyle opening in the ovule. The pollen tube proceeds to release the two sperm in the embryonic sacs.
p-Coumaric acid is an organic compound with the formula HOC6H4CH=CHCO2H. It is one of the three isomers of hydroxycinnamic acid. It is a white solid that is only slightly soluble in water but very soluble in ethanol and diethyl ether.
A strobilus is a structure present on many land plant species consisting of sporangia-bearing structures densely aggregated along a stem. Strobili are often called cones, but some botanists restrict the use of the term cone to the woody seed strobili of conifers. Strobili are characterized by a central axis surrounded by spirally arranged or decussate structures that may be modified leaves or modified stems.
Pinosylvin is an organic compound with the formula C6H5CH=CHC6H3(OH)2. A white solid, it is related to trans-stilbene, but with two hydroxy groups on one of the phenyl substituents. It is very soluble in many organic solvents, such as acetone.
Emping is a type of Indonesian chip, a bite-size snack kripik cracker, made of melinjo or belinjo nuts. Emping crackers have a slightly bitter taste. Emping snacks are available in markets either plain (original), salty, spicy, or sweet, depending on whether salt or caramelized sugar is added.
Gnetum africanum is a vine gymnosperm species found natively throughout tropical Africa. Though bearing leaves, the genus Gnetum are gymnosperms, related to pine and other conifers.
A seed plant or spermatophyte, also known as a phanerogam or a phaenogam, is any plant that produces seeds. It is a category of embryophyte that includes most of the familiar land plants, including the flowering plants and the gymnosperms, but not ferns, mosses, or algae.
Rhapontigenin is a stilbenoid. It can be isolated from Vitis coignetiae or from Gnetum cleistostachyum.
Isorhapontigenin is a tetrahydroxylated stilbenoid with a methoxy group. It is an isomer of rhapontigenin and an analog of resveratrol. It is found in the Chinese herb Gnetum cleistostachyum, in Gnetum parvifolium and in the seeds of the palm Aiphanes aculeata.
Stilbenolignans are phenolic compounds formed from a stilbenoid and a lignan.
Gnetum cleistostachyum is a liana species in the Sessiles subsection of the genus Gnetum described from South East Yunnan.
4-Methoxyresveratrol is a stilbenoid found in the Chinese herb Gnetum cleistostachyum.
Gnetucleistol D is a stilbenoid found in the Chinese herb Gnetum cleistostachyum.
Pinostilbene is a stilbenoid found in Gnetum venosum and in the bark of Pinus sibirica.
Gnetum macrostachyum is a species of vine gymnosperm, native to tropical Asia. They are often harvested as a source of fiber.
Gnetum latifolium is an evergreen plant in the family Gnetaceae with a broad distribution across South East Asia. Although some of its habitat is threatened by logging and forest conversion to crops, its broad distribution afforded it an assessment of "least concern" according to The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
Gnetum luofuense, is a species of gymnosperm in the family Gnetaceae. The species is found in southeastern China. Due to deforestation in the area and that many other Gnetum species rely on being in dense moist forests, the species is categorized as near threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
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