Grevillea eriostachya

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Grevillea eriostachya
Grevillea eriostachya shrub.jpg
Near Kata Tjuta
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Grevillea
Species:
G. eriostachya
Binomial name
Grevillea eriostachya
Flower detail Grevillea eriostachya close up.jpg
Flower detail

Grevillea eriostachya, also known as flame grevillea, [3] orange grevillea, [4] or honey grevillea, [5] is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to western parts of Australia. It is a shrub with a leafy base, mostly linear leaves and conical groups of bright yellow flowers on long canes above the foliage.

Contents

Description

Grevillea eriostachya is a shrub that typically grows to a height of 1–3 m (3 ft 3 in – 9 ft 10 in) and has a leafy base with long, arching flowering branches covered with woolly hairs. The leaves are 50–300 mm (2.0–11.8 in) long, those on the flowering stems linear, other leaves sometimes with two to seven linear lobes, the leaves or lobes mostly 1–2 mm (0.039–0.079 in) long. The flowers are borne above the foliage in sometimes branched, conical groups of about 100 to 200 flowers on peduncles up to 400 mm (16 in) long, the rachis 75–200 mm (3.0–7.9 in) long, the flowers at the base of each group opening first. The flowers are green in bud, later bright yellow and woolly-hairy, the pistil 14.5–22 mm (0.57–0.87 in) long. Flowering occurs in all months and the fruit is a follicle 15–22 mm (0.59–0.87 in) long. [6] [4] [5] [7]

Taxonomy

Grevillea eriostachya was first formally described in 1840 by John Lindley in A Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony . [8] [9] The specific epithet (eriostachya) means "woolly flower-spike". [10]

Distribution and habitat

Flame grevillea grows in heath or shrub on sandplains and is widespread in arid and semi-arid areas of Western Australia, the south-west of the Northern Territory and far north-western South Australia. [3] [4] [5] [6]

Ecology

Nectar-eating birds are attracted to the flowers and are pollinators of this grevillea. [7] Following fires, this species regenerates from a lignotuber within the eastern part of its range in the eremaean province area, and is an obligate seeder in the western part of its distribution. [1]

Uses

Because of the sweet taste of the shrub's flowers, Aboriginal Australians used it as a sweetener and to add variety to their meals. [11]

Conservation status

Grevillea eriostachya is currently listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It has an extremely wide distribution, is common, has a stable population and is not facing any major threats, either at present or in the near future. Some populations south of Perth are impacted by habitat clearance for agriculture. [1]

Related Research Articles

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Grevillea triloba is species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to near Geraldton in Western Australia. It is a diffuse or spreading shrub, usually with divided leaves with 3 spreading, linear lobes, and clusters of white flowers.

<i>Grevillea fililoba</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea fililoba is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area in the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub with soft foliage, divided leaves with narrow linear lobes, and clusters of pink to bright red and white flowers.

<i>Grevillea humifusa</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

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<i>Grevillea flexuosa</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea flexuosa, commonly known as zigzag grevillea or tangled grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with divided leaves, these lobes with three to five triangular lobes, and cylindrical clusters of cream-coloured to pale yellow flowers.

<i>Grevillea bipinnatifida</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea bipinnatifida, commonly known as fuchsia grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub, usually with bipinnatifid leaves and loose clusters of dull pink to crimson flowers.

<i>Grevillea excelsior</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea excelsior, commonly known as flame grevillea or yellow flame grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub or small tree with usually divided leaves with linear lobes, and clusters of orange flowers.

<i>Grevillea leucopteris</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea leucopteris, also known as old socks or white plume grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading, bushy shrub with divided leaves with erect, linear lobes and clusters of white to cream-colured flowers displayed above the foliage.

<i>Grevillea intricata</i> Species of flowering plant

Grevillea intricata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the west of Western Australia. It is a densely-branched shrub with tangled branchlets, divided leaves with linear lobes and clusters of pale greenish-white to light cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea erectiloba</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea erectiloba is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to inland areas of south-west of Western Australia. It is dense, rounded shrub with divided leaves with up to fifteen linear lobes, and groups of bright red flowers that are green in the bud stage.

<i>Grevillea acrobotrya</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to the southwest of Western Australia

Grevillea acrobotrya is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is a prickly, spreading to erect shrub with egg-shaped to trowel-shaped leaves with sharply-tipped lobes, and white to cream-coloured flowers with smaller leaves at the base.

<i>Grevillea biternata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea biternata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with divided leaves with linear lobes and clusters of white flowers.

<i>Grevillea calliantha</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea calliantha, commonly known as Foote's grevillea, Cataby grevillea or black magic grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted part of the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading, compact shrub with pinnatipartite leaves with linear lobes, and pale yellow to apricot-coloured flowers with a maroon-black to reddish style.

<i>Grevillea erinacea</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea erinacea is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub with deeply-divided leaves with three to five linear lobes, rotated through 90°, and cream-coloured flowers with a white style.

<i>Grevillea eriobotrya</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea eriobotrya, commonly called the woolly cluster grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a small area in the south-west of Western Australia. It is dense, erect, spreading shrub usually with linear leaves, and groups of white to creamy-white flowers.

<i>Grevillea eryngioides</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea eryngioides, commonly called curly grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is shrub with low clumping foliage with erect flowering spikes, divided leaves with oblong to egg-shaped lobes, and groups of purplish-red flowers with a yellow style.

<i>Grevillea pilulifera</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea pilulifera, commonly known as woolly-flowered grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect or spreading shrub with linear to narrowly oblong leaves and hairy, white to cream-coloured flowers, the style with a bright yellow, later red tip.

<i>Grevillea monticola</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea monticola is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading to erect shrub with toothed to pinnatifid leaves with sometimes branched clusters of pale cream-coloured to yellowish-cream flowers.

Grevillea prominens is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted part of the South West region of Western Australia. It is a shrub with divided leaves, the end-lobes linear to narrow triangular, and creamy-white flowers usually projected beyond the foliage.

Grevillea dunlopii is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the northern part of the Northern Territory. It is a spreading shrub with divided leaves with nine to seventeen spreading lobes, and pale cream-coloured to white flowers.

Grevillea elongata, also known as Ironstone grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with divided leaves with sharply-pointed linear lobes, and conical or cylindrical groups of white flowers.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Olde, P.; Keighery, G. (2020). "Grevillea eriostachya". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T113016966A113307961. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T113016966A113307961.en . Retrieved 10 January 2024.
  2. "Grevillea eriostachya". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  3. 1 2 "Grevillea eriostachya". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  4. 1 2 3 "Grevillea eriostachya". State Herbarium of South Australia. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  5. 1 2 3 "Grevillea eriostachya". Northern Territory Government. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  6. 1 2 "Grevillea eriostachya". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  7. 1 2 "Grevillea eriostachya". Australian Native Plants Society . Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  8. "Grevillea eriostachya". APNI. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  9. Lindley, John (1839). A Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony. London: James Ridgway. p. xxxvi. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  10. Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 193. ISBN   9780958034180.
  11. A. Gould, Richard; Amorosi, Nicholas (1969). Yiwara: Foragers of the Australian Desert. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 16. ISBN   978-0684310435.