Grevillea parallela

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Grevillea parallela
Grevillea parallela Fagg.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Grevillea
Species:
G. parallela
Binomial name
Grevillea parallela
Synonyms [1]
  • Grevillea angustata R.Br.
  • Grevillea ceratophyllaR.Br.
  • Grevillea heteroneura W.Fitzg.
  • Grevillea muelleriana H.Buek
  • Grevillea polybotrya F.Muell. nom. illeg.
  • Grevillea polystachyaR.Br.
  • Grevillea polystachya var. hebestachyaBenth.
  • Grevillea polystachyaR.Br. var. polystachya
  • Grevillea refracta var. ceratophylla(R.Br.) Benth.
  • Grevillia parallelaKnight orth. var.
Habit near Mareeba Grevillea parallela habit.jpg
Habit near Mareeba

Grevillea parallela, also known as silver oak, beefwood [2] or white grevillea, [3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern Australia. It is a single-stemmed shrub or small tree with pinnatisect or pinnatipartite leaves, the lobes linear to strap-like, and cylindrical clusters of white to cream-coloured or pale yellowish-green flowers.

Contents

Description

Grevillea parallela is a single-stemmed shrub or tree that typically grows to a height of 2.5–15 m (8 ft 2 in – 49 ft 3 in) and has dark, hard, furrowed bark and pendulous foliage. Its leaves are pinnatisect or pinnatipartite, 100–400 mm (3.9–15.7 in) long, with 3 to 10 erect, linear to strap-like lobes 20–200 mm (0.79–7.87 in) long, 0.9–10 mm (0.035–0.394 in) wide and pale green-silvery grey. The flowers are usually arranged on the ends of branches in cylindrical clusters 60–100 mm (2.4–3.9 in) long, and are white to cream-coloured or pale yellowish-green, the pistil 13–26 mm (0.51–1.02 in) long. Flowering mainly occurs from June to October, and the fruit is an elliptic to lens-shaped follicle 14–29 mm (0.55–1.14 in) long. [2] [4] [5]

Taxonomy

Grevillea parallela was first formally described in 1809 by Joseph Knight in On the cultivation of the plants belonging to the natural order of Proteeae , from specimens collected by Sir Joseph Banks near the Endeavour River. [6] [7] The specific epithet (parallela) means "parallel" and refers to the leaf veins. [8]

Distribution and habitat

Silver oak is found in northern Australia, in the Kimberley region of Western Australia, [5] the top end of the Northern Territory [9] and northern and central areas of Queensland. [2] It grows in a variety of soils types derived from laterite, sandstone or granite. It is usually part of an open forest or woodland ecosystem with a grassy understorey. Associated species include bloodwoods ( Corymbia polycarpa , C. tessellaris and C. nesophila ), other eucalypts including ( Eucalyptus tetrodonta , E. miniata and E. platyphylla ) and Melaleuca viridiflora and Planchonia careya . [2]

See also

Related Research Articles

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<i>Grevillea decurrens</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae native to northern Australia

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<i>Grevillea pectinata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

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Grevillea glabrescens is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Northern Territory. It is an open, erect shrub with oblong leaves that have triangular teeth or lobes on the edges, and clusters of white to cream-coloured or very pale yellow flowers.

<i>Grevillea albiflora</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae native to Australia

Grevillea albiflora, commonly known as white spider flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to inland eastern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with pinnatisect leaves with linear lobes, and white to creamy-green flowers.

<i>Grevillea glauca</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Papua New Guinea and Queensland, Australia

Grevillea glauca, commonly known as bushman's clothes peg, cobblers peg tree, beefwood tree, nut wood, nalgo, or kawoj in New Guinea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is native to Papua New Guinea and north-eastern Queensland. It is an erect, spindly shrub or small tree with narrowly egg-shaped to elliptic leaves, and cylindrical clusters of cream-coloured to greenish-white flowers.

Grevillea nematophylla, commonly known as water bush or silver-leaved water bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is shrub or small tree with simple or pinnatisect leaves, the leaves or lobes linear, and branched, cylindrical clusters of cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea anethifolia</i> Species of shrub of the family Proteaceae that is endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea anethifolia, commonly known as spiny cream spider flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to continental Australia. It is an erect shrub with hairy branchlets, lobed leaves, the lobes sharply pointed, and white to pale yellow or cream-coloured flowers.

Grevillea berryana is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Pilbara, Mid West and Goldfields regions of Western Australia. It is a shrub or tree with mostly divided leaves with linear lobes and clusters of pale cream-coloured to yellow flowers.

Grevillea calcicola is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the north-west of Western Australia. It is a much-branched shrub with pinnatisect leaves with linear lobes, and off-white to cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea calliantha</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea calliantha, commonly known as Foote's grevillea, Cataby grevillea or black magic grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted part of the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading, compact shrub with pinnatipartite leaves with linear lobes, and pale yellow to apricot-coloured flowers with a maroon-black to reddish style.

<i>Grevillea erythroclada</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea erythroclada, commonly called needle-leaf grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with divided leaves, the ultimate lobes linear to more or less cylindrical, and clusters of cream-coloured to pale yellow flowers.

<i>Grevillea monticola</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea monticola is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading to erect shrub with toothed to pinnatifid leaves with sometimes branched clusters of pale cream-coloured to yellowish-cream flowers.

<i>Grevillea paradoxa</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea paradoxa, commonly known as the bottlebrush grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect to spreading, prickly shrub with pinnatipartite leaves, the lobes linear, widely spreading and sharply pointed, and with cylindrical clusters of pale to dark pink or cream-coloured flowers with a pinkish-red style.

<i>Grevillea patentiloba</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea patentiloba is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a prostrate to erect, spreading to straggling shrub with divided leaves, and down-turned clusters of red to deep pink and cream-coloured to bright yellow flowers with a red to deep pink style.

Grevillea dunlopii is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the northern part of the Northern Territory. It is a spreading shrub with divided leaves with nine to seventeen spreading lobes, and pale cream-coloured to white flowers.

References

  1. 1 2 "Grevillea parallela". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Ian Brooker; Douglas J. Boland; Maurice William McDonald; G. M. Chippendale (2006). Forest Trees of Australia. CSIRO publishing. ISBN   9780643069695.
  3. "Grevillea parallela". Australian Native Plants Society (Australia). Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  4. "Grevillea parallela". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
  5. 1 2 "Grevillea parallela". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  6. "Grevillea parallela". APNI. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  7. Knight, Joseph (1809). On the cultivation of the plants belonging to the natural order of Proteeae. W. Savage, Printer. p. 121. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  8. Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 271. ISBN   9780958034180.
  9. "Grevillea parallela". Northern Territory Government. Retrieved 7 August 2022.