Eucalyptus tetrodonta

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Darwin stringybark
Eucalyptus tetrodonta buds.jpg
Flowers of Eucalyptus tetrodonta
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. tetrodonta
Binomial name
Eucalyptus tetrodonta
Illustration from Maiden's A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus A critical revision of the genus Eucalyptus (1903) (20524008050).jpg
Illustration from Maiden's A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus

Eucalyptus tetrodonta, commonly known as Darwin stringybark or messmate, [2] is a species of medium-sized to tall tree that is endemic to northern Australia. It has rough, stringy or fibrous bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flowers buds in groups of three, whitish to cream-coloured flowers and cylindrical fruit.

Contents

Description

Eucalyptus tetrodonta is a tree typically that typically grows to a height of 9–25 m (30–82 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has rough, fibrous or stringy, grey over reddish brown bark on the trunk and branches. Young plants and coppice regrowth have egg-shaped to broadly lance-shaped leaves that are the same shade of dull bluish green on both sides, arranged in opposite pairs, 150–350 mm (5.9–13.8 in) long and 35–120 mm (1.4–4.7 in) wide. Adult leaves are arranged in opposite pairs, the same shade of dull bluish green on both sides, lance-shaped to broadly lance-shaped or curved, 90–240 mm (3.5–9.4 in) long and 10–35 mm (0.39–1.38 in) wide, tapering to a petiole 11–26 mm (0.43–1.02 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils in groups of three on an unbranched peduncle 3–17 mm (0.12–0.67 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels up to 9 mm (0.35 in) long. Mature buds are oval to pear-shaped, 8–13 mm (0.31–0.51 in) long and 6–12 mm (0.24–0.47 in) wide with a rounded operculum. Sometimes there are four ribs on the sides of the operculum. Flowering occurs between June and September and the flowers are whitish or cream-coloured. The fruit is a woody, cylindrical capsule 12–20 mm (0.47–0.79 in) long and 9–17 mm (0.35–0.67 in) wide with a vertically descending disc and three or four valves at rim level. The seeds are grey, flattened oval and 2–4 mm (0.079–0.157 in) long. [2] [3] [4] [5]

Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus tetrodonta was first formally described by the botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in 1859 in Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, Botany . [6] [7] The specific epithet is derived from the ancient Greek words meaning "four" and "a tooth", in reference to the four teeth sometimes found around the rim of the fruit. [8] The closest relative of this tree is E. megasepala . [2]

Distribution and habitat

The Darwin stringybark is found on flats and plateaus in the Kimberley region of Western Australia region where it grows on flat areas and plateaus in sandy soils over laterite, sandstone or quartzite. [3] The range extends eastward across the top end of the Northern Territory and parts of the Gulf of Carpentaria and Cape York regions in North Queensland. It is usually a part of open forest or woodland communities. [2]

Conservation status

This eucalypt is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife, [3] as "least concern" under the Northern Territory Government Territory Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 2000 [5] and as "least concern" under the Queensland Government Nature Conservation Act 1992 . [9]

See also

Related Research Articles

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<i>Eucalyptus planchoniana</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus baileyana</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus boliviana</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus mckieana</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus tectifica</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus conglomerata</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus normantonensis</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus sphaerocarpa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus sphaerocarpa, commonly known as the Blackdown stringybark, is a species of tall forest tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has rough, stringy bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, nine or eleven, white flowers and shortened spherical fruit.

Eucalyptus erosa is a species of tree that is endemic to a small area of Queensland. It has rough, fibrous to stringy grey bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds arranged in groups of between nine and thirteen, white flowers and cup-shaped to hemispherical fruit.

Eucalyptus longissima is a species of mallee or small tree that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has rough, fibrous or stringy bark on the trunk, smooth greyish brown bark above, glossy green, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in group of between seven and thirteen, white flowers and shortened spherical fruit.

Eucalyptus megasepala is a species of medium-sized tree that is endemic to Far North Queensland and Cape York Peninsula. It has rough, fibrous or stringy bark from the trunk to the smaller branches, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and cup-shaped to cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus socialis <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> eucentrica</i> Subspecies of plant

Eucalyptus socialis subsp. eucentrica, commonly known as the inland red mallee, is a subspecies of mallee that is endemic to inland Australia. It usually has rough bark on the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, pale creamy yellow flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped or spherical fruit.

References

  1. ↑ "Eucalyptus tetrodonta". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Eucalyptus tetrodonta". Euclid. CSIRO . Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  3. 1 2 3 "Eucalyptus tetrodonta". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  4. ↑ Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus tetrodonta". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  5. 1 2 "Eucalyptus tetrodonta". Northern Territory Government. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  6. ↑ "Eucalyptus tetrodonta". APNI. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  7. ↑ von Mueller, Ferdinand (1859). "Monograph of the Eucalypti of tropical Australia". Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, Botany. 3: 97. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  8. ↑ Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 323. ISBN   9780958034180.
  9. ↑ "Eucalyptus tetrodonta". WetlandInfo. Queensland Government . Retrieved 9 January 2020.
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