Gymnocarpium disjunctum

Last updated

Gymnocarpium disjunctum
Gymnocarpium disjunctum 15-p.bot-dryop.disj-017.jpg
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Aspleniineae
Family: Cystopteridaceae
Genus: Gymnocarpium
Species:
G. disjunctum
Binomial name
Gymnocarpium disjunctum
(Rupr.) Ching

Gymnocarpium disjunctum is a species of fern in the family Cystopteridaceae, commonly known as Pacific oak fern, [1] western oak fern, [2] or Pacific oakfern. [3]

Contents

Description

Gymnocarpium disjunctum is a medium green fern with delicate-looking leaves that grows from a long slender creeping rhizome. The leaves do not arise from a central point but rather grow up individually from the creeping rhizome, often forming a loose grouping on the forest floor. The petioles (stipes) are 1-3 mm in diameter and 12-44 cm long with sparse glandular hairs distally. The petiole and blade midribs are brownish green to black in color. The leaves are bright to medium green and are 20-68 cm in length, with a broadly deltate blade, and are 3-pinnate to pinnatifid. The abaxial (lower) leaf surface and rachis are glabrous (hairless) or with sparse glandular hairs, and the adaxial (top) surface is glabrous. The largest pinnae are up to 18 cm long and are held nearly perpendicular to the rachis (leaf stem). The pinnae gradually decrease in size toward the distal end of the leaf, ending in a divided triangular leaflet at the tip. Sori form a single row on each side of the pinna midrib near the distal end of the leaf blade, becoming more crowded and less regularly arranged lower (proximally) on the blade. [1]

In the autumn, the leaves lose most of their color and become very pale, sometimes nearly pure white. [4]

Range

Gymnocarpium disjunctum is native to coastal northeast Asia, Alaska, and British Columbia and ranges south to Oregon and Washington, and to interior southern British Columbia, Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming. [1]

Habitat

Gymnocarpium disjunctum grows in shade in moist coniferous forests. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Gymnocarpium dryopteris</i> Species of fern

Gymnocarpium dryopteris, the western oakfern, common oak fern, oak fern, or northern oak fern, is a deciduous fern of the family Cystopteridaceae. It is widespread across much of North America and Eurasia. It has been found in Canada, the United States, Greenland, China, Japan, Korea, Russia, and most of Europe. It is a seedless, vascular plant that reproduces via spores and have a life cycle with alternating, free-living sporophyte and gametophyte phases.

<i>Aspidotis densa</i> Species of fern

Aspidotis densa is a species of fern in the Cheilanthoid subfamily, known by the common name Indian's dream or Serpentine fern or dense lace fern. It is native to the west coast of North America from British Columbia to California and east to the Rocky Mountains in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming; there is a disjunct population on serpentine soils in Quebec.

<i>Myriopteris gracillima</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris gracillima, formerly known as Cheilanthes gracillima, is a species of lip fern known by the common name lace lip fern. It is native to western North America, where it grows in rocky habitat from British Columbia to California to Montana.

<i>Physematium scopulinum</i> Species of fern

Physematium scopulinum, also called Woodsia scopulina, is a deciduous perennial fern in the family Woodsiaceae, with the common name Rocky Mountain Woodsia,.

<i>Diplazium australe</i> Species of fern

Diplazium australe, commonly known as the Austral lady fern, is a small fern occurring in eastern Australia, New Zealand and Norfolk Island. The habitat is moist shaded areas, often occurring in rainforest.

<i>Gymnocarpium robertianum</i> Species of fern

Gymnocarpium robertianum, the limestone fern or scented oakfern, is a fern of the family Cystopteridaceae.

<i>Adiantum viridimontanum</i> Species of fern

Adiantum viridimontanum, commonly known as Green Mountain maidenhair fern, is a fern found only in outcrops of serpentine rock in New England and Eastern Canada. The leaf blade is cut into finger-like segments, themselves once-divided, which are borne on the outer side of a curved, dark, glossy rachis. These finger-like segments are not individual leaves, but parts of a single compound leaf. The "fingers" may be drooping or erect, depending on whether the individual fern grows in shade or sunlight. Spores are borne under false indusia at the edge of the subdivisions of the leaf, a characteristic unique to the genus Adiantum.

<i>Dryopteris macropholis</i> Species of fern

Dryopteris macropholis is a species of fern. It is distributed on the Marquesas Islands.

<i>Asplenium tutwilerae</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium tutwilerae is a rare epipetric fern found only in Hale County, Alabama, United States. A. tutwilerae is a fertile allotetraploid, formed by the chromosomal doubling of a specimen of the sterile diploid A. × ebenoides, a hybrid of A. platyneuron and A. rhizophyllum. Except for its spores, which are fertile rather than malformed, A. tutwilerae is essentially identical to A. × ebenoides and was described as part of that species until 2007. It is named in honor of Julia Tutwiler, who discovered the only known wild population at Havana Glen in 1873.

Asplenium × gravesii, commonly known as Graves' spleenwort, is a rare, sterile, hybrid fern, named for Edward Willis Graves (1882–1936). It is formed by the crossing of Bradley's spleenwort (A. bradleyi) with lobed spleenwort (A. pinnatifidum). It is only found where its parent species are both present; in practice, this proves to be a few scattered sites in the Appalachian Mountains, Shawnee Hills, and Ozarks, reaching perhaps its greatest local abundance around Natural Bridge State Resort Park. Like its parents, it prefers to grow in acid soil in the crevices of sandstone cliffs.

Myriopteris aemula, the Texas lip fern or rival lip fern, is a moderately-sized fern of Texas and Mexico, a member of the family Pteridaceae. Unlike many members of its genus, its leaves have a few hairs on upper and lower surfaces, or lack them entirely. One of the cheilanthoid ferns, it was usually classified in the genus Cheilanthes as Cheilanthes aemula until 2013, when the genus Myriopteris was again recognized as separate from Cheilanthes. It typically grows on limestone rock.

<i>Hymenophyllum rarum</i> Species of plant

Hymenophyllum rarum, the narrow filmy-fern, is a species of fern from the family Hymenophyllaceae. This thin-leaved fern is commonly found in New Zealand and Tasmania, growing in patches on rocks and is epiphytic on trees and tree ferns, growing in moist gullies or rainforests. A rather drought tolerant species often found at exposed sites ranging from coastal to montane areas. Forming extensive, interwoven and creeping patches with its thin long (creeping) rhizomes sparsely covered in red-brown hairs, easily recognised by its membranous grey-green fronds, the smooth margins of the pinnae, ultimate segments and indusia; and by the sunken sori in the uppermost segments of the uppermost pinnae. The species can be found throughout Tasmanian rainforests as well as occurring in New South Wales, Victoria and New Zealand on the North and South Islands as well as, Stewart, Chatham and Auckland Islands.

Argyrochosma connectens is a small cheilanthoid fern endemic to Sichuan, China. It is the only member of its genus known from Asia. Relatively rare, it is found growing in the crevices of limestone rocks in hot, dry valleys. The species was long classified in the genus Pellaea, but after a phylogenetic study in 2015 was transferred to Argyrochosma.

<i>Argyrochosma peninsularis</i> Species of fern in the family Pteridaceae

Argyrochosma peninsularis is a fern endemic to Baja California Sur. It grows in dry, rocky places. First described as a species in 1939, it was transferred to the new genus Argyrochosma in 1987, recognizing their distinctness from the "cloak ferns". A dusting of powdery material and the presence of occasional scales on the central axis of its leaves help distinguish it from related species.

Argyrochosma palmeri is a fern endemic to Mexico. It has narrow, divided leaves with black axes; the leaves are coated in white powder below, and sparsely dusted or free of it above. First described as a species in 1887, it was transferred to the new genus Argyrochosma in 1987, recognizing their distinctness from the "cloak ferns".

Argyrochosma pilifera is a fern endemic to Mexico. It has lance-shaped, divided leaves with dark purple axes; the undersides of the leaves are coated in white powder. First described as a species in 1956, it was transferred to the new genus Argyrochosma in 1987, recognizing their distinctness from the "cloak ferns".

<i>Polypodium amorphum</i> Species of fern

Polypodium amorphum is a species of fern with the common name irregular polypody, which grows near the northwest coast of North America.

<i>Myriopteris lindheimeri</i>

Myriopteris lindheimeri, formerly known as Cheilanthes lindheimeri, is a species of fern in the Pteridaceae family with the common name fairy swords.

Myriopteris lendigera is a species of cheilanthoid fern with the common name nit-bearing lip fern.

<i>Myriopteris yavapensis</i>

Myriopteris yavapensis, formerly known as Cheilanthes yavapensis, is a species of cheilanthoid fern with the common name Yavapai lip fern native to the southwest United States.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Hitchcock, C.L. and Cronquist, A. 2018. Flora of the Pacific Northwest, 2nd Edition, p. 58. University of Washington Press, Seattle.
  2. "Gymnocarpium disjunctum". Flora of North America. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
  3. "Pacific Oakfern". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
  4. "iNaturalist research grade observation".