HNA Group

Last updated
HNA Group
Company type Private
IndustryAviation, tourism, financial services, real estate, logistics
FoundedApril 16, 1998;26 years ago (1998-04-16)
Founders Chen Feng, Wang Jian, Tan Xiangdong, and others
DefunctDecember 8, 2021;3 years ago (2021-12-08)
FateBankrupted
List
Successors
Headquarters HNA Building,
Haikou
,
China
Key people
RevenueIncrease2.svg CN¥100.941  billion  (2015)
Decrease2.svg CN¥2.366 billion (2015)
Increase2.svg CN¥806 million (2015)
Total assets Increase2.svg CN¥468.709 billion (2015)
Total equity Increase2.svg CN¥22.514 billion (2015)
Owner
  • Hainan Traffic Administration Holding (70%)
  • Jianyun Investments (30%)
Parent
  • Hainan Traffic Administration Holding (direct)
  • Hainan Province Cihang Foundation (ultimate)
Footnotes /references
in a consolidated basis; equity and profit excluded minority interests; in Chinese Accounting Standards [1]

In 1993, Chen Feng, Wang Jian, Tan Xiangdong, among others, created Hainan Airlines, with approval by the Hainan Provincial Government. [10] [11] Following a restructuring of the airline in 1997, they founded HNA Group Co. Ltd. in January 2000. [12] [13] [14] Since then, the Group has undergone great diversification, entering multiple industries such as tourism and logistics. It also significantly expanded its involvement with both national and international companies. These include several airlines, NH Hotel Group, [15] Uber, [16] and an office tower and a hotel in New York City. HNA Group has spent more than US$3 billion on foreign acquisitions. It intends to be one of the top 50 companies in the world by 2030. [17]

In October 2005, Soros Quantum Fund invested $25 million stake in HNA Group. [18]

On February 18, 2016, HNA reached an agreement to acquire Ingram Micro Inc, a California-based technology distributor, for $6 billion, in the largest Chinese takeover of a US information technology company. HNA Group was then advised by China International Capital Corporation in the transaction. [19]

In July 2017, HNA was targeted by the Central Government in a set of new measures that prohibit state-owned banks from lending money to Chinese private companies to curb their foreign investment activities and also over concerns about HNA's debt levels. [20] [21] Several banks associated with HNA's foreign investments halted new loans since, though some had already suspended their grants before the measures were signed into effect. [22]

A year after investing, HNA Group was in talks to sell some or all of its 25% share in Hilton Grand Vacations, a timeshare business which had spun off from Hilton Worldwide Holdings the year before. [23]

Overall debt in 2017 is said to have reached $94 billion at a borrowing cost of $5 billion for the full year. To ease the burden, the company disposed of assets worth $13 billion. The liquidity shortage also led the non-delivery of up to six Airbus A330 aircraft to be delivered to the group. [24] [25]

On 29 January 2021, HNA Group declared bankruptcy after debt restructuring efforts failed. [26] The Hainan High Court criticized the company's corporate governance structure regarding management of its affiliates in the ruling. [27] Hainan Airlines confirmed that it was operating as normal.[ citation needed ] Creditors were demanding the equivalent of US$187 billion in liabilities from the company. [28] It is expected for the restructuring to take one year to complete. [29] As part of the restructuring, most of the shares of HNA Group will be transferred to its creditors. [30] In September 2021, founder and chairman Chen Feng and CEO Tan Xiangdong were arrested, while Chen's son Xiaofeng remained on HNA's board. [31] [32] The failed to restructuring makes HNA Group forced to split its assets and acquired by different buyers. In December 2021, HNA's aviation including its founding and flagship brand Hainan Airlines, was sold to Liaoning Fangda Group Industrial. [33]

Employment numbers

In 2017 the total number of employees in the Group was over 410,000 and the number of overseas employees was nearly 290,000. [34]

Entities

HNA Aviation has a stake in Hainan Airlines via Grand China Air Hainan Airlines Boeing 737-800 B-2158 CTU 2011-7-7.png
HNA Aviation has a stake in Hainan Airlines via Grand China Air

HNA Group was composed of seven sub-groups: HNA Aviation, HNA Tourism, HNA Capital, HNA Holdings, HNA Modern Logistics, HNA Innovation Finance, and HNA Innovation Media & Entertainment. [35]

HNA Aviation

In December 2021, HNA Aviation was sold to Liaoning Fangda Group Industrial. [33]

HNA Aviation is affiliated with multiple Chinese airlines. These include the following: [36] [37] [38]

The group also has stakes in some carriers based outside the Chinese mainland, including Hong Kong Airlines as well as Africa World Airlines, Azul Brazilian Airlines (23.7%), [39] MyCargo Airlines, [40] TAP Air Portugal (2.5%) and had a stake in Virgin Australia (13%). [41]

On 18 January 2016, HNA Aviation formed the world's first alliance of low-cost carriers, U-FLY Alliance. While the founding members of the alliance—HK Express, Lucky Air, Urumqi Air, and West Air—are all affiliated with HNA Aviation, the alliance is also open to airlines not within HNA Group. [42]

On 27 March 2019, HNA Aviation sold full stake of HK Express to Cathay Pacific for HK$4.93 billion. The transaction was expected to be completed by 31 December 2019, and by that time HK Express would become Cathay Pacific's wholly owned subsidiary. [43] [44]

Other entities

HNA Tourism is involved in the tourism industry. Subgroup HNA Hospitality Group operates several resorts, business hotels, boutique hotels, and the Tangla hotel chain. [45]

In 2015, the HNA Group purchased a failing hotel in Kerhonkson, New York, in upstate New York. The Hudson Valley Resort & Spa was featured on an October 2017 Planet Money podcast exploring why a Chinese multinational company would invest in a remote hotel in the United States. [46]

HNA Capital deals with financial services and investment banking. It has over 30 member companies, [47] such as Bohai Trust.

HNA Holdings is involved in real estate and the retailing industry. [48] Subgroup HNA Airport Group operates 16 airports across China, including the airports in Haikou, Sanya, Weifang, Dongying, Yichang, Anqing, and Yingkou. [12] [49]

HNA Logistics is engaged with shipbuilding, marine cargo transport, air cargo, and other elements of logistics. [12] [50]

HNA Innovation Finance [51] [52] is headquartered in Hong Kong; its main business covers bulk commodity trading, financial investment and consumer finance products and services. [53]

HNA Innovation Media and Entertainment.

Subsidiaries

Leadership

Chen Feng, HNA Chairman CHEN Feng, Chairman of the Board, HNA GROUP (14025196452).jpg
Chen Feng, HNA Chairman

Investments and acquisitions

Equity investments

As of 31 December 2019

Acquisitions

  • In 2006, the HNA Group acquired two airlines in Hong Kong, Hong Kong Airlines and Hong Kong Express Airways. [63]
  • In 2011, the HNA Group paid US$260 million for a foreclosure-threatened Manhattan office tower at 1180 Sixth Avenue [64] and purchased the Cassa Hotel New York for US$126 million. [65]
  • In May 2011, the HNA Group purchased a 20% interest in the NH Hotel Group for €431.6 million (US$610.7 million) [66] and in November 2014, HNA increased its ownership to 29.5%. [67]
  • In August 2011, the HNA Group purchased GE Seaco via its Bohai Leasing affiliate for US$1.05 billion, [68] the world's 5th largest marine container leasing company. [69]
  • In October 2012, the HNA Group completed its acquisition of a 48 percent stake in Aigle Azur, France's second largest airline, for €52 million. [70]
  • In June 2013, the HNA Group purchased TIP Trailer Services, Europe's largest truck and trailer leasing company (with 45,000 units), from G.E. Capital. [71]

2015

  • In January 2015, affiliate Bohai Leasing purchased the Bermuda-based container leasing group, Cronos Limited, for €2.18 billion. [72]
  • In June 2015, HNA purchased a 6.2% interest in the South African airline, Comair. [73]
  • In June 2015, HNA Group bought a 15 percent stake in Red Lion Hotels Corporation from Columbia Pacific Advisors. [74]
  • In July 2015, HNA Group purchased airport ground handler Swissport International Ltd. from PAI Partners SAS for 2.73 billion Swiss francs (US$2.8 billion). [74]
  • In November 2015, the HNA Group announced it would invest US$450 million in low-cost carrier Azul Brazilian Airlines, becoming its single largest shareholder, [75] with a 23.7% interest. [76]
  • In November 2015, HNA Group announced it would make a 10% investment in French hotelier Pierre & Vacances. [77]
  • In late 2015, HNA Group acquired the US-based start-up travel portal Travana with an investment of US$27.5 million. [78]

2016

  • In January 2016, the HNA Group via its Bohai Leasing affiliate, purchased Irish aircraft leasing company Avolon. When combined with HNA's existing aircraft leasing business, the new entity with over 500 aircraft will become the world's fourth largest aircraft leasing business by asset value. [79]
  • In February 2016, the HNA Group agreed to purchase technology distributor, Ingram Micro for $6.0 billion, via its controlled affiliate, Tianjin Tianhai Investment Co Ltd. [80]
  • In April 2016, the HNA Group purchased the London-based, ICE - International Currency Exchange. [81]
  • In April 2016, the HNA Group purchased US$38B in sales Minneapolis-based Carlson Rezidor Hotel Group (owner of the Radisson brand) which included a majority interest in US$7 billion in sales Rezidor Hotel Group of Brussels. [82]
  • In April 2016, the HNA Group purchased gategroup, the 2nd largest airline-catering company in the world, for $1.5 billion. [83]
  • In May 2016, the HNA Group purchased 49.99% of Air France's catering and cleaning subsidiary, Servair, with the option to increase its stake to 80% if certain conditions are met. [84] [85] When combined with previously purchased Gategroup, HNA will own and operate the world's largest airline catering company. [85]
  • In May 2016, the HNA Group purchased a 13% interest in Virgin Australia Holdings with the option to increase its stake to 20%. [85]
  • In May 2016, the HNA Group purchased a 7% interest in private consortium Atlantic Gateway, the owner of 50% of TAP Airlines, as well as convertible shares, which if exercised, would increase its stake in Atlantic to 40% and its indirect ownership of TAP to 20%. [86]
  • In July 2016, the HNA Group purchased an 80% stake in the Zurich-based aircraft maintenance organization SR Technics from Abu Dhabi's state investment company Mubadala. [87]
  • In October 2016, the HNA Group announced that it would purchase 25 percent of Hilton Worldwide Holdings Inc. from the Blackstone Group LP for $6.5 billion. [88]

2017

  • In January 2017, HNA Group announced the purchase of asset finance firm UDC Finance Limited, New Zealand's largest non-bank lender, for NZL $660 million (US$460 million) [89] by its Tip Trailer Services affiliate in Europe. [90] The sale was still pending as of October 2017 due to regulatory issues.
  • In February 2017, HNA Group's HNA Capital arm purchased a 3.04% stake in Deutsche Bank. [91] Their stake was soon after increased to 4.76% [92] and then to 9.9% in May 2017, becoming their single largest shareholder. [93]
  • In March 2017, HNA Group announced that it would purchase an 82.5% equity interest in Frankfurt–Hahn Airport, [94] a former US military airbase which is popular with budget and cargo carriers (though 120 km from Frankfurt). This is the HNA Group's first acquisition of a non-Chinese airport.
  • In March 2017, HNA Property Group, an affiliate of HNA Group, announced that it would purchase 245 Park Avenue for $2.21 billion, one of the highest prices ever paid for a New York City skyscraper. [95] HNA also announced that they would back Tishman Speyer in the construction of The Spiral, a $3.2 billion, Bjarke Ingels-designed, 65-story, 1,005-foot office tower in the Hudson Yards, Manhattan development. [96]
  • In March 2017, affiliates of the HNA Group purchased a 25 percent interest in Old Mutual's U.S. asset management business for US$446 million. [97]
  • In March 2017, affiliates of the HNA Group purchased an aggregate 400,000 square feet of land at the former site of the Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong for US$1.135 billion. HNA plans to develop the land into a "world-class integrated residential complex." [98]
  • In April 2017, HNA Group affiliate, Avolon, completed the purchase of CIT Group's aircraft leasing business for US$10.38 billion making HNA the 3rd largest aircraft leasing company in the world with a fleet of 868 aircraft. [99]
  • In April 2017, HNA Group purchased a 16.8% stake in Swiss-based travel retailer Dufry. [100] Their stake was increased to 20.92% in August 2017; the value of their interest is $1.4 billion. [101]
  • In April 2017, affiliates of the HNA Group purchased from Odebrecht its 60% share in a consortium that owns 51% of Rio de Janeiro–Galeão International Airport - Brazil's second busiest airport - giving HNA a 31.6% ownership interest. The remaining shares are owned by Brazilian airport manager Empresa Brasileira de Infraestrutura Aeroportuária (Infraero) (49%) and Changi Airports International Pte Ltd (19.4%) of Singapore. [102]

Divestments

Shareholders

HNA Group Co., Ltd.
Simplified Chinese 海航集团有限公司
Traditional Chinese 海航集團有限公司
Transcriptions

The shares of HNA Group were owned by two companies directly: Hainan Jiaoguan Holding (Chinese :海南交管控股; pinyin :Hǎinán jiāoguǎn kònggǔ; lit.'Hainan Traffic Administration Holding') for 70% and Yangpu Jianyun Investments (Chinese :洋浦建运投资) for 30%. Two companies originally were incorporated by Chinese state-owned enterprises, such as Haikou Meilan International Airport. [104]

Hainan Traffic Administration Holding was 50% owned by Tang Dynasty Development (Yangpu) (Chinese :盛唐发展(洋浦)), 25% by Yangpu Hengsheng Chuangye (Chinese :洋浦恒升创业) and 18.21% by Yangpu Zhongxin Airlines Holding (Chinese :洋浦中新航空实业) and 6.78% by Hainan Xinhuading Trading (Chinese :海南炘华鼎贸易) as of March 2017. [105]

Tang Dynasty Development (Yangpu) was 65% owned by Hainan Province Cihang Charity Foundation (Chinese :海南省慈航公益基金会) [106] and 35% by Hong Kong incorporated company Tang Dynasty Development (simplified Chinese :盛唐发展; traditional Chinese :盛唐發展).

Tang Dynasty Development was 98% owned by Caymans-incorporated Pan-American Aviation Holding and 2% owned by Hainan Airlines.

Pan-American Aviation Holding was 100% owned by Guan Jun as of 2016 (Chinese :貫君; pinyin :Guàn Jūn, acquired from Bharat Bhisé in 2016). [107] [57] [106]

Yangpu Hengsheng Chuangye was owned by HK incorporated company Headstreams Investment (simplified Chinese :千江源投资; traditional Chinese :千江源投資), which was 98% owned by Bharat Bhisé and 2% by R.J. Conrads in 2004. [104] As in 2015 Bhisé still owned 98% of Headstreams Investment, [108] while the 2% stake of Headstreams was owned by Caymans-incorporated HAC (RAC), Limited as in 2011. [109] In 2016, Bhisé also transferred the stake of Headstreams to Jun Guan. [110]

Yangpu Jianyun Investments and Yangpu Zhongxin Airlines Holding were owned by The Committee of Hainan Airlines Trade Union (Chinese :海南航空股份有限公司工会委员会). [54] However, all the stake owned by the union, were transferred in 2016. According to the record in the National Credit Information Publicity System, part of the stake (6.78%) of Hainan Traffic Administration Holding held by Zhongxin Airlines Holding was transferred to newly established company Xinhuading. [111] While Jianyun Investments was now owned by HNA Group directors Chen Feng (Chinese :陈峰, 35.05%), Wang Jian (Chinese :王健, 35.05%), Chen Wenli (Chinese :陈文理, 9.23%), Tan Xiangdong (Chinese :谭向东, 6.89%), Li Jing (Chinese :李箐, 6.89%) and Li Xianhua (Chinese :李先华, 6.89%). [111] [106] For Zhongxin Airlines Holding, the owners also became the 6 shareholders of Jianyun Investments with the same ratio; [111] [106] for newly established Xinhuading, the shareholders were 4 more HNA Group directors Lu Ying (Chinese :逯鹰), Zhang Ling (Chinese :张岭) Huang Gan (Chinese :黄玕) and Huang Qijun (Chinese :黄琪珺). [111]

After much speculation on his identity, Guan Jun, by-then the indirect second largest shareholder of HNA Group (who acquired the stake from Bharat Bhisé), donated the stake to a US-registered private foundation Hainan Cihang Charity Foundation, Inc. in 2017. [112]

Reuters also interviewed Bharat Bhisé, who had served as a director of several subsidiaries of HNA Group, as well as a business partner in acquisition via Bhisé's owned Bravia Capital as well as a dealmaker, say he hold the shares of HNA Group indirectly, was “an 'accommodation' to the company and received no compensation for doing so”. [113] HNA Group also sued in exile Chinese billionaire Guo Wengui for defamation in June 2017, [114] which Guo was spreading the rumour on the identity of the true owner of the group.

In 2017, the Swiss Takeover Board ruled that HNA Group provided false information regarding Bhisé and Guan on the takeover of Gategroup. [115] In September 2019, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority announced that it would lodge a criminal complaint against HNA Group for repeatedly filing false disclosures of its shareholding structure. [116] [117]

structure of HNA Group based on legal filings
6 directors of HNA Group4 directors of HNA GroupHainan Province Cihang FoundationHainan Cihang Charity Foundation, Inc.HAC(RAC), Ltd.
Pan-American Aviation HoldingHeadstreams Investment
Tang Dynasty Development
Zhongxin Airlines HoldingXinhuading TradingTang Dynasty (Yangpu)Hengsheng Chuangye
Jianyun InvestmentsHainan Traffic Administration Holding Hainan Provincial People's Government  [ zh ]
HNA Group Hainan Development Holdings other shareholders
Grand China Air public shareholders
Hainan Airlines

Related Research Articles

Hong Kong Airlines Limited (HKA), operating as Hong Kong Airlines, is an airline based in Hong Kong, with its headquarters in the Tung Chung district and its main hub at Hong Kong International Airport. It was established in 2006 as a member of the HNA Group and flies to 25 destinations across Asia–Pacific. The company slogan was changed from Fresh + very Hong Kong to Where Hong Kong Begins.

Hainan Airlines is an airline headquartered in Haikou, Hainan, China. It is the largest civilian-run and majority state-owned air transport company, making it the fourth-largest airline in terms of fleet size in the People's Republic of China, and the tenth-largest airline in Asia in terms of passengers carried. It operates scheduled domestic and international services on 500 routes from Hainan and nine locations on the mainland, as well as charter services. Its main base is located at Haikou Meilan International Airport, with hubs at Beijing Capital International Airport and Xi'an Xianyang International Airport and several focus cities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Air Changan</span> Chinese airline

Air Changan is a Chinese domestic airline. Its main operating base is Xi'an Xianyang International Airport, serving several cities in Shaanxi Province. Initially an independent carrier, Air Changan merged with Hainan Airlines in 2000 and was later absorbed into that airline. Air Changan resumed service as an independent airline in May 2016, providing flights to four Chinese cities with three Boeing 737-800 aircraft.

Hong Kong Express Airways or HK Express (HKE) is a Hong Kong–based low-cost airline fully owned by Cathay Pacific Airways. It provides scheduled air service to 27 destinations in Asia, including Philippines, Malaysia, China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam. The airline's main hub at Hong Kong International Airport uses a fleet that consists exclusively of the Airbus A320 and A321 family. The company slogan is Gotta Go.

Suparna Airlines, known in Chinese as Jinpeng, is an airline based in China. Originally an all-cargo airline, it was formerly known as Yangtze River Express and later Yangtze River Airlines after launching passenger services. The company's headquarters are in Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Tower in Pudong, Shanghai.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Virgin Australia Holdings</span> Holding company for Virgin in Australia

Virgin Australia Holdings Pty Limited is the holding company that owns and operates Virgin Australia and Virgin Australia Regional Airlines. It previously operated Pacific Blue Airlines, Tigerair Australia and joint-venture airline Polynesian Blue which were absorbed into Virgin Australia in December 2011. Its head office is located in South Bank, Brisbane. After being placed in administration in April 2020, it was purchased by Bain Capital in August 2020.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tianjin Airlines</span> Chinese airline

Tianjin Airlines is a Chinese airline headquartered in Tianjin Binhai International Airport passenger terminal building, Dongli District, Tianjin, operating domestic scheduled passenger and cargo flights out of Tianjin Binhai International Airport.

Grand China Air is a Chinese airline based at Haikou Meilan International Airport.

Gategroup is a Swiss company providing services to the travel industry, including catering, onboard retail, food service provisioning, and food logistics. It serves as the parent company for four core brands, and is a supplier to many major airlines. Its head office is in Glattbrugg, Switzerland, near Zurich Airport.

Fuzhou Airlines is an airline headquartered at Fuzhou Changle International Airport, Fuzhou, Fujian province, China. It is a subsidiary of Hainan Airlines.

Guangxi Beibu Gulf Airlines, or simply GX Airlines, is a Chinese airline based at Nanning Wuxu International Airport. It is a joint venture between Tianjin Airlines and the Guangxi Beibu Gulf Investment Group. GX Airlines commenced operations on 13 February 2015 as one of the first airlines based in Guangxi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chen Feng (businessman)</span> Chinese businessman

Chen Feng is a Chinese businessman and founder of business conglomerate HNA Group, now defunct, and Hainan Airlines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">China National Aviation Holding</span> Chinese state-owned enterprise

China National Aviation Holding Corporation Limited, also known as Air China Group, is a Chinese state-owned enterprise which is the parent company of Air China and Air Macau. The company was formed on 11 October 2002 by the merger of Air China, China Southwest Airlines, and China National Aviation Corporation (Group) Limited.

Bohai International Trust Co., Ltd. (BITC) known as just Bohai Trust, is a Chinese investment management company based in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province. The company has licensed to create trust. The company is a subsidiary of HNA Group for 51.23% shares, plus additional 22.10% shares via China Xinhua Airlines, a subsidiary (83.39%) of Hainan Airlines. Hainan Airlines, a listed company, is partially owned by HNA Group. The remain 26.67% shares of the trust company were owned by another subsidiary of HNA Group, which the group owned 72.98% stake of that subsidiary directly and indirectly.

Regal International Airport Group Co., Ltd. is a Chinese listed company based in Meilan Airport, Haikou. The company is 50.19% owned by Haikou Meilan International Airport Co., Ltd., a company related to Hainan Airlines, Grand China Air, HNA Infrastructure Investment Group, HNA Group, Hainan Provincial People's Government and China Development Bank.

Hainan HNA Infrastructure Investment Group Co., Ltd. formerly Hainan Island Construction Co., Ltd. is a Chinese listed company based in Haikou.

Haikou Meilan International Airport Co., Ltd. is a Chinese company. The company was the developer, owner and operator of the airport of the same name. However, the airport is now operated by the company's subsidiary HNA Infrastructure Co., Ltd..

Radisson Hotel Group is an international hospitality company that has its headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. It originated as a division of Carlson Companies, which owned Radisson Hotels, Country Inns & Suites and other brands. In 1994, Carlson signed a franchise agreement with SAS International Hotels (SIH), after which SIH started to use the brand Radisson SAS in the Europe, Middle East and Africa markets. In 2005, Carlson acquired 25% of the shares of SIH, at that time known as Rezidor SAS Hospitality. In 2010, Rezidor Hotel Group became a subsidiary of Carlson. The enlarged hotel group adopted a new trading name, Carlson Rezidor Hotel Group, which was one of the top hotel corporations in 2013.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RRJ Capital</span> Hong Kong private equity firm

RRJ Capital is a private equity firm based in Singapore. It is one of the largest private equity firms based in Asia.

Tan Xiangdong, also known as Adam Tan, is a Chinese-American businessman who is a co-founder of Hainan Airlines and the CEO of HNA Group.

References

  1. ↑ 2016年第二期海航集团有限公司可续期公司债券发行文件 [Pospectus of 2016 (batch 2) renewable bonds of HNA Group]. HNA Group (in Chinese). chinabond.com.cn. 15 August 2016. Archived from the original on 20 November 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
  2. ↑ Company Overview of HNA Group Co., Ltd. Archived 2019-03-28 at the Wayback Machine . Bloomberg Business . Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  3. ↑ "Can a US$48 billion global shopping spree take this Chinese company into the Fortune 100?". South China Morning Post . Archived from the original on 2017-12-24. Retrieved 2017-12-24.
  4. ↑ 海航集团成功进入美国《财富》2017年世界500强榜单. Sina (in Simplified Chinese). August 2017. Archived from the original on 2017-08-13. Retrieved 2017-12-23.
  5. ↑ "Fortune Global 500 List 2018: See Who Made It".
  6. ↑ "China's HNA Group goes on a global shopping spree". The Economist . Archived from the original on 2017-10-12. Retrieved 2017-10-11.
  7. ↑ "Chinese conglomerate HNA goes bankrupt | NHK WORLD-JAPAN News". NHK WORLD. Retrieved 2021-01-31.
  8. ↑ "海航集团航空主业实际控制权移交至辽宁方大". 中国民航网. Archived from the original on 2023-06-17. Retrieved 2023-06-17.
  9. ↑ "海发控110亿入主海航机场板块，改名海南机场的*ST基础何时止跌？". 第一财经. Archived from the original on 2021-12-24. Retrieved 2023-06-17.
  10. ↑ Barboza, David (19 July 2017). "Behind a Chinese Powerhouse, a Web of Family Financial Ties". www.nytimes.com. Archived from the original on 2018-01-11. Retrieved 2018-01-15.
  11. ↑ Graphics, WSJ com News. "HNA: The Making of a Chinese Giant". WSJ. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
  12. 1 2 3 "HNA Group on the acquisition trail" Archived 2016-04-18 at the Wayback Machine . CAPA - Centre for Aviation. 11 August 2011. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  13. ↑ "Biography of Chen Feng" Archived 2016-10-11 at the Wayback Machine . The Wharton Global Alumni Forum: June 12–13, 2009 | Beijing. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  14. ↑ "HNA Chairman Chen Feng’s Growth Strategy: Go Global in the Downturn" Archived 2016-04-28 at the Wayback Machine . Knowledge@Wharton. 27 February 2013. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  15. ↑ Wen, Wang (19 November 2014). HNA Group buys 8.3% equity stake in NH Hotel Group of Spain Archived 2016-05-06 at the Wayback Machine . China Daily . Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  16. ↑ Carsten, Paul (11 January 2016). "Uber drives into China tourism industry with HNA Group tie-up" Archived 2017-12-13 at the Wayback Machine . Reuters. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  17. ↑ Mellor, William and Wang, Jasmine (23 May 2014). For Hainan Airlines's Chen Feng, rise of resort in China provides lift for a new sky empire Archived 2019-03-28 at the Wayback Machine . The Washington Post . Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  18. ↑ You've Never Heard of HNA Group. Here's Why You Will Archived 2018-01-27 at the Wayback Machine . The Fortune. December 24, 2017
  19. ↑ Fontanella-Khan, James (2016-02-18). "China's HNA to buy Ingram Micro for $6bn". Financial Times . ISSN   0307-1766 . Retrieved 2016-02-23.
  20. ↑ Wei, Lingling; Deng, Chao (2017-07-23). "Xi's Sign-Off Deals Blow to China Inc.'s Global Spending Spree". Wall Street Journal. ISSN   0099-9660. Archived from the original on 2017-07-28. Retrieved 2017-07-28.
  21. ↑ "HNA Group's Dealings With U.S. Travel Startup to Be Probed". Bloomberg.com. 2017-07-20. Archived from the original on 2017-12-24. Retrieved 2017-12-18.
  22. ↑ "Banks That Funded HNA's $40 Billion Spending Spree Halt New Loans". Bloomberg.com. 2017-07-24. Archived from the original on 2017-07-27. Retrieved 2017-07-28.
  23. ↑ Julie Steinberg and Jenny Strasburg (March 12, 2018). "HNA in Talks to Sell Stake in Hilton Grand Vacations a Year After Investing". The Wall Street Journal . The New York Times, New York City, United States. Archived from the original on March 17, 2018. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
  24. ↑ "China's HNA reports debts have soared to $94bn". Financial Times. 28 April 2018. Archived from the original on 2018-07-15. Retrieved 2018-07-15.
  25. ↑ Hepher, Tim. "Exclusive: Airbus faces A330 delivery delays amid HNA Group woes -..." U.K. Archived from the original on 2018-07-15. Retrieved 2018-07-15.
  26. ↑ "HNA Group Co., Ltd. Statement". www.hnagroup.com. Retrieved 2021-06-30.
  27. ↑ "Chinese court says troubled HNA Group's businesses highly chaotic". Nikkei Asia. Retrieved 2021-06-30.
  28. ↑ "Creditors seeking $187 bln from China's bankrupt HNA Group - executive quoted". Reuters. 2021-06-04. Retrieved 2021-06-30.
  29. ↑ "Investors eye key assets in HNA Group bankruptcy restructuring". Nikkei Asia. Retrieved 2021-06-30.
  30. 1 2 "In Depth: Who Are the Losers in the HNA Bankruptcy?". www.caixinglobal.com. 2021-02-25. Retrieved 2021-06-30.
  31. ↑ "Chinese police take away HNA chairman, CEO on suspicion of crimes". Reuters. 2021-09-25. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  32. 1 2 "End of an era with arrest of HNA Group chairman". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  33. 1 2 "Era Ends as HNA Cedes Control of Core Airline Operations - Caixin Global". www.caixinglobal.com. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  34. ↑ 陈峰勾勒海航集团未来“飞行路线图” (in Simplified Chinese). Xinhua News. Archived from the original on 2017-12-24. Retrieved 2017-12-23.
  35. ↑ 陈峰勾勒海航集团未来“飞行路线图” (in Chinese and English). Peking University. Archived from the original on 2017-12-24. Retrieved 2018-01-15.
  36. ↑ Grand China Air ups stake in Hainan Airlines to 35% Archived 2017-12-13 at the Wayback Machine . www.ch-aviation.com. December 24, 2017
  37. ↑ Ge, Lena (9 December 2015). "HNA Group's Air Guilin Unveils Its Logo and Livery" Archived 2016-02-17 at the Wayback Machine . China Aviation Daily. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  38. ↑ "HNA Group to Restore Chang An Air as Independent Carrier". www.chinaaviationdaily.com.
  39. ↑ Horch, Dan (24 November 2015). "Brazilian Airline Azul Sells Stake to HNA Group of China" Archived 2017-07-09 at the Wayback Machine . The New York Times. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  40. ↑ "HNA Group and Bravia Capital complete acquisition of ACT Airlines; rebranded as MyCargo Airlines" Archived 2016-02-16 at the Wayback Machine . CAPA - Centre for Aviation. 25 October 2011. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  41. ↑ "Virgin Australia sells stake to China's HNA Aviation Group". The Sydney Morning Herald. 2016-05-31. Archived from the original on 2016-06-02. Retrieved 2016-05-31.
  42. ↑ "HNA Group: four airlines form U-FLY Alliance, world's first LCC grouping, showing HNA consolidation" Archived 2016-02-16 at the Wayback Machine . CAPA - Centre for Aviation.22 January 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  43. ↑ "Announcement" (PDF). www.cathaypacific.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-12-16. Retrieved 2020-02-24.
  44. ↑ "Cathay Pacific to buy airline HK Express". 2019-03-27. Archived from the original on 2019-03-30. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
  45. ↑ "HNA Group: HNA Capital" Archived 2015-12-29 at the Wayback Machine . HNA Group. Retrieved 11 February 2016
  46. ↑ "Episode 802: The Hotel at the Center of the World". Planet Money . NPR. 2017-10-27. Archived from the original on 2017-10-28. Retrieved 2017-10-28.
  47. ↑ "HNA Group: HNA Capital" Archived 2016-01-20 at the Wayback Machine . HNA Group. Retrieved 11 February 2016
  48. ↑ "HNA Group: HNA Holdings" Archived 2016-02-05 at the Wayback Machine . HNA Group. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  49. ↑ "HNA Holdings: Airport Management" Archived 2015-12-02 at the Wayback Machine . HNA Group. Retrieved 11 February 2016
  50. ↑ "HNA Group: HNA Logistics" Archived 2016-03-02 at the Wayback Machine . HNA Group. Retrieved 11 February 2016
  51. ↑ "HNA Holding to rebrand as CWT International following Singaporean acquisition". South China Morning Post . Archived from the original on 2017-12-28. Retrieved 2018-01-15.
  52. ↑ "BRIEF-China approves HNA Innovation Finance Group's acquisition of some Glencore assets". Reuters . Archived from the original on 2017-12-24. Retrieved 2018-01-15.
  53. ↑ "Private Company:HNA Innovation Finance Group Co Ltd". Bloomberg . Archived from the original on 2017-12-24. Retrieved 2018-01-15.
  54. 1 2 3 4 5 "Public Tender Offer by HNA Aviation (Hong Kong) Air Catering Holding Co., Ltd., Hong Kong for all publicly held registered shares with a nominal value of CHF 5.00 each of gategroup Holding Ltd, Kloten, Switzerland" (PDF). HNA Group. 19 May 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  55. ↑ "Wang Jian, the chairman of high-profile Chinese conglomerate HNA Group, has died in an accident, the company said Wednesday". CNN. 4 July 2018. Archived from the original on 4 July 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
  56. ↑ "Wang Jian: HNA Loses Its Leader in Uncertain Times - Caixin Global". www.caixinglobal.com. Archived from the original on 2018-08-13. Retrieved 2018-08-13.
  57. 1 2 "2015 Annual Report" (PDF). AID Partners Capital Holdings. Hong Kong Stock Exchange. 30 March 2016. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 February 2017. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  58. ↑ Whitley, Angus (27 September 2021). "Understanding How China's HNA Group Rose and Fell". BloombergQuint. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
  59. ↑ "SC 13D". www.sec.gov. Archived from the original on 2017-12-01. Retrieved 2017-05-11.
  60. ↑ "Correction: HNA cuts Deutsche Bank stake again". MarketWatch. 16 February 2018. Archived from the original on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
  61. ↑ "HNA cuts stake in Deutsche Bank to 6.3 percent: SEC filing". Reuters. 16 February 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2019.
  62. ↑ "Consolidated Financial Statements and Management Report 2016" (PDF). NH Hotel Group. 23 June 2017. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
  63. ↑ Washington Post: "For Hainan Airlines’ Chen Feng, rise of resort in China provides lift for a new sky empire" By William Mellor and Jasmine Wang Archived 2019-03-28 at the Wayback Machine May 23, 2014
  64. ↑ New York Times: "Chinese Investors Pursue U.S. Property Deals" By JULIE CRESWELL Archived 2017-11-09 at the Wayback Machine June 25, 2013
  65. ↑ Wall Street Journal: "Massey Knakal Plays Role Refinancing Midtown Hotel" by Craig Karmin Archived 2016-08-05 at the Wayback Machine March 2, 2014
  66. ↑ Hotel News Now: "HNA Group acquires 20% stake in NH Hoteles" Archived 2017-11-09 at the Wayback Machine 17 May 2011
  67. ↑ Reuters: "China's HNA buys 8.33 pct of Spain's NH Hoteles from Italy's Intesa" Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine November 11, 2014
  68. ↑ Bloomberg: "GE Agrees to $1.05 Billion Sale of SeaCo to HNA, Bravia" by Zachary R. Mider, Rachel Layne and Natalie Doss Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine August 1, 2011
  69. ↑ Seaco Global website: "HNA Group and Bravia Capital to Acquire GE SeaCo" Archived 2017-11-09 at the Wayback Machine January 08, 2011
  70. ↑ The airline ceased operations in 2019.Wall Street Journal: "China's HNA Group to Buy Stake in France's Aigle Azur" by DINNY MCMAHON Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine October 22, 2012
  71. ↑ Automotive Fleet News: "China-based HNA Group Inks Deal to Purchase TIP Trailer Services from GE Capital" Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine July 10, 2013
  72. ↑ Seac Global: "Bohai Leasing Company purchases Cronos Limited" Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine January 26, 2015
  73. ↑ "HNA/Hainan Airlines buys 6.2% of South Africa's Comair, accelerating China-Africa aviation links" Archived 2016-03-02 at the Wayback Machine . CAPA - Centre for Aviation. 2 June 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  74. 1 2 Bloomberg: "After $17 Billion Deal Spree, Chen Juggernaut Loses in London" Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine February 26, 2016
  75. ↑ "HNA Group and Azul Brazilian Airlines Forge Longterm Strategic Partnership". HNA. November 24, 2015. Archived from the original on November 23, 2015. Retrieved November 25, 2015.
  76. ↑ Air Transport World: "China’s HNA Group eyes further investments" by Victoria Moores Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine June 22, 2016
  77. ↑ LePoint: "Après Fram, le chinois HNA s'intéresse à Pierre & Vacances - Le conglomérat HNA, ancien candidat à la reprise de Fram, pourrait prendre une participation de 10 % dans le groupe français spécialisé dans le tourisme" Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine 09/11/2015
  78. ↑ "China Firm Discovers Downside of Deals" (PDF). Wall Street Journal. 6 Jul 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 October 2017. Retrieved 18 Dec 2017.
  79. ↑ "Avolon". www.avolon.aero. Archived from the original on 2020-02-22. Retrieved 2020-02-24.
  80. ↑ New York Times: "Ingram Micro Sold to Chinese Company for $6 Billion" By Amie Tsang Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine February 18, 2016
  81. ↑ China Travel News: "HNA Group extends European foray in deal with forex provider ICE Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine April 21, 2016
  82. ↑ Wall Street Journal: "China’s HNA to Buy Carlson Rezidor Hotel Group - HNA to also acquire Carlson’s stake in Stockholm-listed Rezidor Hotel Group" By WAYNE MA, KANE WU, and JOSH BECKERMAN Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine April 28, 2016
  83. ↑ Bloomberg: "China's HNA to Buy Airline Caterer Gategroup for $1.5 Billion" Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine April 11, 2016
  84. ↑ Financial Times: "HNA set to swoop on Air France’s Servair" May 30, 2016
  85. 1 2 3 Financial Times: "China’s HNA group snaps up stake in Virgin Australia" by Adam Thomson and Jamie Smyth Archived 2016-06-11 at the Wayback Machine May 31, 2016
  86. ↑ Dinheiro: "Chineses da HNA podem ficar indiretamente com 20% da TAP" by Steven Governo Archived 2017-11-09 at the Wayback Machine 21 Maio 2016
  87. ↑ Air Transport World: "China’s HNA Group acquires majority stake in SR Technics" by Alan Dron Archived 2017-11-09 at the Wayback Machine July 20, 2016
  88. ↑ Bloomberg: "China’s HNA to Buy $6.5 Billion Hilton Stake From Blackstone" by Hui-Yong Yu and Neil Callanan Archived 2016-10-29 at the Wayback Machine October 24, 2016
  89. ↑ Reuters: "China's HNA extends reach to NZ with $460 mln purchase of non-bank lender UDC" by Jamie Freed Archived 2017-10-14 at the Wayback Machine January 11, 2017
  90. ↑ Interest.com New Zealand: "Chinese conglomerate HNA plans to place NZ finance company UDC under the wing of its large European-Canadian equipment service subsidiary TIP Trailer Services" Archived 2017-11-01 at the Wayback Machine May 12, 2017
  91. ↑ Financial Times: "China’s HNA snaps up 3% stake in Deutsche Bank - Conglomerate moves as embattled German lender’s share price shows signs of recovery" by James Shotter Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine February 17, 2017
  92. ↑ Handelsblatt: "Report: China’s HNA Eyes State Bank" by Frank Drost Archived 2017-05-23 at the Wayback Machine 02 April 2017
  93. ↑ Bloomberg: "Deutsche Bank's Chinese Backer HNA Becomes Top Shareholder" by Eyk Henning and Steven Arons Archived 2017-11-08 at the Wayback Machine May 02, 2017
  94. ↑ South China Morning Post: "HNA to buy majority stake in Hahn airport in Germany - If deal goes ahead, it will help take the owner of Hainan Airlines take a step closer to becoming one of the world’s top 100 companies" by Sandy Li Archived 2017-09-01 at the Wayback Machine 06 March, 2017
  95. ↑ "China's HNA Is Buying a NYC Office Tower for $2.21 Billion". Bloomberg.com. 2017-03-20. Archived from the original on 2017-03-21. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
  96. ↑ The Real Deal: "HNA backs Tishman Speyer’s bets in Brooklyn, Hudson Yards" By Katherine Clarke Archived 2017-07-18 at the Wayback Machine April 05, 2017
  97. ↑ Bloomberg: "China's HNA Buys $446 Million Stake in Old Mutual U.S. Unit" Archived 2017-05-23 at the Wayback Machine March 25, 2017
  98. ↑ South China Morning Post: "HNA shares plunge after fugitive tycoon’s allegations" by Karen Yeung Archived 2019-11-19 at the Wayback Machine 24 April 2017
  99. ↑ Avolon News: "Avolon completes US$10.38 billion acquisition of CIT Group aircraft leasing business - Avolon becomes world’s third largest lessor with combined fleet of 868 aircraft" Archived 2017-05-23 at the Wayback Machine April 4, 2017
  100. ↑ China's Straits Times: "China's HNA buys 16.8% stake in Swiss firm Dufry" Archived 2017-09-01 at the Wayback Machine April 27, 2017
  101. ↑ Reuters: "China's HNA Boosts Dufry Stake, pursues CWT purchase plan" by Kane Wu Archived 2017-11-09 at the Wayback Machine August 21, 2017
  102. ↑ Macuhub: "Chinese group HNA enters the consortium that manages the airport of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil" Archived 2017-11-09 at the Wayback Machine April 27, 2017
  103. ↑ Jiang, Sijia (March 10, 2019). "HNA Group to sell stake in Hong Kong firm to Blackstone for $894 mln". Reuters . Archived from the original on March 26, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  104. 1 2 西安民生集团股份有限公司收购报告书 (in Simplified Chinese). 6 March 2004. Archived from the original on 19 February 2017. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
  105. ↑ "COMPOSITE DOCUMENT RELATING TO MANDATORY UNCONDITIONAL CASH OFFER BY FORTUNE (HK) SECURITIES LIMITED ON BEHALF OF HNA ECOTECH PIONEER ACQUISITION TO ACQUIRE ALL THE ISSUED SHARES OF ADVANCED CARD SYSTEMS HOLDINGS LIMITED..." (PDF). Advanced Card Systems Holdings. Hong Kong Stock Exchange. 1 March 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 April 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  106. 1 2 3 4 "Who owns HNA, China's most aggressive dealmaker?". Financial Times. 2 June 2017. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
  107. ↑ "FORMS RELATING TO LISTING FORM F" (PDF). AID Partners Capital Holdings. 25 August 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  108. ↑ "Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited". di.hkex.com.hk.
  109. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). www.cninfo.com.cn. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 April 2017. Retrieved 17 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  110. ↑ Filing in Hong Kong Companies Registry
  111. 1 2 3 4 Filings in National Credit Information Publicity System (in Chinese)
  112. ↑ "HNA's mystery shareholder passes stake to charity". Financial Times. 25 July 2017. Archived from the original on 4 August 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
  113. ↑ "Exclusive: Big HNA stake was held in trust as a favor, company's dealmaker says". Reuters. 4 October 2017. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
  114. ↑ "China Deal Machine HNA Group Sues Wealthy Chinese Fugitive Guo Wengui". Forbes. 16 June 2017. Archived from the original on 25 September 2017. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  115. ↑ Ho, Prudence (25 November 2017). "HNA Provided False Detail on Gategroup Bid, Says Swiss Regulator". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 26 November 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
  116. ↑ Miller, John (2019-09-25). "Swiss watchdog pursues China's HNA over Dufry reporting". Reuters . Archived from the original on 2019-10-16. Retrieved 2019-10-16.
  117. ↑ "Swiss to file criminal complaint against China's HNA". Agence France-Presse. September 25, 2019. Archived from the original on October 19, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.